Within two years and a half, the faeces of 620 cats coming from Brno and the area around the city were subjected to parasitological examination with special regard to the occurrence of the oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii. Sucrose solution at the specific weight of 1,150 was used as flotation medium. Oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii were eliminated by eight cats (1.29%) at the age from 16 days to 1.5 years. Six of the eight cats were younger than seven months. The Toxoplasma gondii oocysts were eliminated by the cats for 1-16 days while exhibiting signs of short-term scours and swelling of lymph nodes. In all cases the oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii were produced in the summer and autumn seasons (June-December). During the patent period, other coccidia (Isospora felis and Isospora rivolta) were also present in the cats.

• MeSH
• feces parazitologie   MeSH
• kočky parazitologie   MeSH
• počet parazitárních vajíček MeSH
• Toxoplasma izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• kočky parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• TOXOPLASMA/culture *,
• MeSH
• diploidie * MeSH
• Toxoplasma etnologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Toxoplasmosis is caused by a protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. Primary infection with Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women can lead to adverse outcomes. Since initially asymptomatic, toxoplasmosis is difficult to diagnose. The aims of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Slovakia and to identify possible risk factors. As many as 145 (22.1%) of 656 pregnant women screened for T. gondii were seropositive. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis significantly increases with age and the highest seropositivity rate (35.4 %) was found in the age group of 35-44 years. A significantly higher seropositivity rate was observed in women living in the surroundings of Bratislava (63.5%) as compared to Bratislava (36.6%, p < 0.001; OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.36-0.79) Among the epidemiological factors, contact with soil appeared statistically significant (35.3%, p = 0.014; OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.09-2.56). Fatigue (32.1%, p = 0.026; OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.03-3.27), miscarriages (44.1%, p = 0.002; OR = 2.22, 95% CI=1.3-3.8) and toxoplasmosis in the family (10.7%, p = 0.002) were most commonly reported in history of the study subjects.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• parazitární komplikace těhotenství epidemiologie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Toxoplasma izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza epidemiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika epidemiologie   MeSH

Two hundred and two samples of excrements were investigated for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts. Fifty-two samples were taken from dead domestic cats and a hundred and fifty samples were obtained from wild cats living in various localities of the CSSR. The investigation was orientative and a flotation method with the Breza flotation solution of the specific weight of 1.300 was used. If the finding was positive, residues of the excrements were floated with a saccharose, solution of the specific weight of 1.150 and containing 0.8% of phenol. The oocysts were rinsed several times, then they were sporulated in Petri dishes with water with a 2.5% solution of potassium dichromate. The sporulated oocysts, after rinsing, were injected i. p. to mice. The excrements of the fifty-two domestic cats were negative. Out of a hundred and fifty samples of the excrements of wild cats, one sample with the oocysts of isospore type was found; a biological test with mice proved the oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii. It may be inferred from the results obtained that the elimination of oocysts by cats is the same as given in foreign literature, and the occurrence rate will be about 2%.

• MeSH
• feces parazitologie   MeSH
• kočky parazitologie   MeSH
• metody MeSH
• počet parazitárních vajíček MeSH
• Toxoplasma izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• kočky parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

In the course of three years, 620 cats of all age categories were investigated for the occurrence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. The serological examinations included the Sabin-Feldman reaction (SFR), complement-fixation reaction (CFR) and microprecipitation in agar gel (MPA), according to methods prescribed for use in Czechoslovakia. When the Sabin-Feldman reaction was used, 250 (40.3%) of the examined cats were found to be positive at the titre of 4-128. By the complement-fixation reaction, antibodies were demonstrated in 144 (23.2%) of the cats at the titre of 5-80. Microprecipitation in agar gel was positive in 106 animals, i.e. 17.1%. Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were demonstrated by one serological reaction in 150 (24.2%) cats; coincidence of two serological reactions occurred in 104 (16.8%) of the animals, and coincidence of all the three serological reactions was demonstrated in 48 (7.7%) cats. Specific antibodies were detected by minimally one serological reaction (which means one to three positive findings) in 302 (48.7%) of the examined cats. The diagnostic value of all serological reactions is discussed. It is recommended to repeat the examination after two to three weeks.

• MeSH
• kočky parazitologie   MeSH
• protilátky protozoální analýza   MeSH
• Toxoplasma imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• kočky parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• protilátky protozoální MeSH

• MeSH
• antigeny protozoální analýza   MeSH
• imunoelektroforéza MeSH
• Toxoplasma imunologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny protozoální MeSH

In 1984-1986 in the district of Ceské Budĕjovice in the southern part of the Czech Republic pregnant women were subjected to serological examinations for antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. A total of 3,392 women were examined within the age bracket 16-54 years. For the serological examination parallel examinations were made using Sabin-Feldman test (SFT) and the complement fixation test (CFT). In SFT the basic serum dilution was 1:4, in CFT 1:10. Pregnant women were examined once or repeatedly. During the first examination which was usually made between the second and third month of pregnancy the total (SFT and CFT) prevalence was 37%. In the SFT antibodies were detected in 35%, in CFT in 25%. The second blood sample was taken during the 4th-5th month of pregnancy and subsequent samples during the 8th-9th month of pregnancy. In women who were examined twice or repeatedly (a total of 1,409 women), the dynamics of prevalence of antibodies were recorded. 64% women were permanently negative, 33% women were permanently positive with the same or a slightly varying titre and in 3% women during pregnancy, seroconversion was observed or a significant rise of antibodies. In 20 women where seroconversion or a significant rise of antibodies was found data were collected to find out whether in their children from birth to the age of 12-13 years toxoplasmosis was diagnosed. The toxoplasmosis was not diagnosed in these children.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• parazitární komplikace těhotenství epidemiologie   MeSH
• protilátky protozoální analýza   MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Toxoplasma imunologie   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza epidemiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• protilátky protozoální MeSH

The existence of an association between schizophrenia and an infection by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii has been suspected since the 1950s. Two significant phenomena first garnered the attention of the psychiatric community toward toxoplasmosis, the illness precipitated by an infection of the parasite. Transient symptoms of acute toxoplasmosis sometimes resemble the clinical picture of paranoid schizophrenia. Many studies have also found an increased seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in clients of mental health institutions in comparison with members of control populations. We have had to wait until the first decade of our millennium for several independent research teams to make discoveries that would shed light on the possible mechanisms that link the Toxoplasma parasite to schizophrenia.

• Klíčová slova
• dopamine, manipulation hypothesis, mental disorder, parasite, schizophrenia, toxoplasmosis,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• protilátky protozoální krev   MeSH
• schizofrenie krev   diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• Toxoplasma izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza krev   diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• úvodníky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• protilátky protozoální MeSH

Within a three-year period, 178 clinically healthy and 442 sick cats (patients of the Clinic for Small Animal Diseases of the University of Veterinary Medicine, Brno) were examined for the presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. Antibodies to T. gondii were detected in 34.8% of the animals without clinical signs of the disease and in 54.3% of the sick cats (P less than 0.01). Compared with the group of clinically healthy cats, the specific antibodies occurred significantly more frequently in the cats suffering from diseases of the digestive tract (P less than 0.01), particularly in those with acute gastroenteritis, and in those having liver disorders (P less than 0.01; P less than 0.05). A statistically significantly higher occurrence of antibodies to T. gondii was also recorded in the cats with disorders of the nervous system (P less than 0.05; P less than 0.01), particularly in those with symptoms of extraordinary aggressivity at the age span from four months to three years. Enlarged lymph nodes were found out in 44% of the cats having antibodies to T. gondii. This is 15% more than the average for the investigated set of animals, which is a statistically significant dependence (P less than 0.01).

• MeSH
• kočky imunologie   MeSH
• nemoci koček imunologie   MeSH
• protilátky protozoální analýza   MeSH
• Toxoplasma imunologie   MeSH
• toxoplazmóza zvířat imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• kočky imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• protilátky protozoální MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• TOXOPLASMA/culture *,
• MeSH
• HeLa buňky * MeSH
• imunologické testy * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Toxoplasma etnologie   MeSH
• výzkumný projekt * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH