The article discusses issues associated with the manifestations of aggressive behavior in an individual diagnosed with moderate intellectual disability and behavioral disorders (according to ICD-10; F7; F711-moderate intellectual disability, significant impairment of behavior requiring attention or treatment). In the research survey, we focused on a client corresponding with relevant features. The research was carried out at the beginning of hospitalization, ongoing hospitalization, and the end of hospitalization, followed by a recommendation to limit the legal capacity of the client and his placement in a residential care home. The case study points out individual approaches to special education and psychology and outlines the key steps in the cooperation of selected helping professions suggesting conclusions and recommendations for practice regarding these selected issues. Upon the termination of our investigation, there was a rapid deterioration of the client being admitted to the intensive care unit with a follow-up treatment in a long-term intensive care unit.

• Klíčová slova
• aggressive behavior, intellectual disability, psychology, rehabilitation, special education,
• MeSH
• agrese MeSH
• hospitalizace MeSH
• jednotky intenzivní péče MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mentální retardace * psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Nodular fasciitis is a benign myofibroblastic tumor characterized by rapid growth and spontaneous regression. While nodular fasciitis is typically an indolent process, rare cases with benign morphologic features have developed metastases. Conversely, nodular fasciitis with malignant histologic features and benign clinical course have also been reported. In this study, we present seven nodular fasciitis cases with novel USP6 gene fusion partners, in addition to two cases with rare fusions that displayed aggressive clinical behavior. The cohort comprised five females and four males with a median age of 36 years (range 13-59). Tumors were located in the forearm (n = 3), thigh (n = 2), and shoulder, abdominal wall, chest wall, and oral cavity (one each), ranging from 1.4 to 24.0 cm in size (median, 2.2 cm). Except for the clinically aggressive cases, patients presented with painless masses of varying onset from days to months. Of the clinically aggressive cases, one patient presented with a slowly growing subfascial thigh/hip mass over nine years, leading to erosion of the femur and pelvis; the other presented with a painful subfascial thigh mass of several months' duration. Histologically, all cases, including the clinically aggressive ones, showed conventional nodular fasciitis features without nuclear pleomorphism or atypical mitotic figures; one case with aggressive clinical behavior exhibited focal infarction-type necrosis. Break-apart FISH analysis using USP6 flanking probes failed to detect USP6 rearrangement in two cases (false negatives) and was inconclusive in one case. Next-generation RNA sequencing identified USP6 fusions in all cases. The clinically aggressive cases showed fusions with COL1A1 (exon 1) and PPP6R3 (exon 1), while novel fusions were identified in the remaining cases including EIF4A1 (exon 1), FILIP1L (exon 2), NF1 (exon 33), OMD (exon 1), PFN1 (exon 1), RLIM (exon 1), and SETD5 (exon 1). Six patients underwent surgical resection; three were managed conservatively, with two experiencing spontaneous tumor resolution. Of the clinically aggressive cases, one patient had progression of the tumor with erosion of the underlying bone, and the second patient developed local recurrence at 14 months and lung metastasis at 19 months, ultimately dying of disease at 22 months. The remaining patients showed no recurrence or metastasis. Our findings expand the spectrum of USP6 gene fusion partners in nodular fasciitis and, for the first time, report cases with conventional morphology exhibiting aggressive behavior, including death. These observations raise the question of whether a subset of deep lesions with conventional nodular fasciitis histology but unusual clinical features, such as large tumor size, represents malignant nodular fasciitis or alternatively a nodular fasciitis-like myofibroblastic sarcoma.

• Klíčová slova
• Aggressive behavior, Nodular fasciitis, Novel gene fusions, Rare partners,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

3alpha-Hydroxy-20-oxo-5alpha-pregnan-21-yl hemisuccinate (8) was produced by partial acylation of 3alpha,21-dihydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (14). 3alpha-Fluoro-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (9) was prepared by treatment of 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (11) with DAST and by solvolysis of tosylate 12 with tetrabutylammonium fluoride. A behavioral test on mice was performed using 3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (1) and compounds 8 and 9. Compound 8 was found to be inactive, while the fluoro derivative 9 selectively reduced aggressive behavior in mice more than the corresponding 3alpha-hydroxy compound 1; locomotion and other behavioral features were not affected.

• MeSH
• agrese účinky léků   MeSH
• myši inbrední ICR MeSH
• myši MeSH
• pregnanolon analogy a deriváty   farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• pregnanolon MeSH

Squamate reptiles are a highly diversified vertebrate group with extensive variability in social behavior and sexual dimorphism. However, hormonal control of these traits has not previously been investigated in sufficient depth in many squamate lineages. Here, we studied the hormonal control of male sexual behavior, aggressiveness, copulatory organ (hemipenis) size and sex recognition in the gecko Paroedura picta, comparing ovariectomized females, ovariectomized females treated with exogenous dihydrotestosterone (DHT), ovariectomized females treated with exogenous testosterone (T), control females and males. The administration of both T and DHT led to the expression of male-typical sexual behavior in females. However, in contrast to T, increased circulating levels of DHT alone were not enough to initiate the full expression of male-typical offensive aggressive behavior and development of hemipenes in females. Ovariectomized females were as sexually attractive as control females, which does not support the need for the demasculinization of the cues used for sex recognition by ovarian hormones as suggested in other sauropsids. On the other hand, our results point to the masculinization of the sex recognition cues by male gonadal androgens. Previously, we also demonstrated that sexually dimorphic growth is controlled by ovarian hormones in P. picta. Overall, it appears that individual behavioral and morphological sexually-dimorphic traits are controlled by multiple endogenous pathways in this species. Variability in the endogenous control of particular traits could have permitted their disentangling during evolution and the occurrence of (semi)independent changes across squamate phylogeny.

• Klíčová slova
• Aggressive behavior, Androgens, Dihydrotestosterone, Lizard, Sex recognition, Sexual behavior, Sexual dimorphism, Testosterone,
• MeSH
• agrese účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• androgeny farmakologie   MeSH
• dihydrotestosteron farmakologie   MeSH
• ještěři metabolismus   MeSH
• ovarektomie MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus * MeSH
• rozmnožování účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• sexuální chování zvířat účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• testosteron farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• androgeny MeSH
• dihydrotestosteron MeSH
• testosteron MeSH

Elevated levels of gonadal androgens are often required for the expression of male-specific behavioral and morphological traits in all classes of vertebrates, including reptiles. Here, we tested the role of male gonadal androgens in the control of male sexual behavior, aggressive behavior, and size of the hemipenes in the gecko Paroedura picta. We performed hormonal manipulations involving castration with and without testosterone (T) replacement in males and application of exogenous T and ovariectomy in females. Castration suppressed sexual behavior and hemipenes size in males, and these effects were fully rescued by exogenous T. Sexual behavior and growth of the hemipenes were masculinized by male-typical levels of T in females, while ovariectomized females retained female-typical expression of these traits. These results indicate that the development of male sexual behavior in adult females does not require early or pubertal organization. Elevated T increased the likelihood of aggressive behavior directed toward a male intruder, but aggression occurred only rarely. Elevated T is necessary and sufficient for enlargement of the hemipenes and the expression of male sexual behavior in both males and females of Paroedura picta. In contrast to sexual behavior, the expression of aggressive behavior is apparently more dependent on other factors in addition to T itself.

• Klíčová slova
• Aggressive behavior, Androgens, Lizard, Sexual behavior, Sexual dimorphism, Testosterone,
• MeSH
• agrese fyziologie   MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy MeSH
• ještěři anatomie a histologie   krev   fyziologie   MeSH
• kastrace MeSH
• kopulace fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• testosteron krev   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Madagaskar MeSH
• Názvy látek
• testosteron MeSH

The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether withdrawal from alprazolam can increase anxiety-like and aggressive behavior during intra species conflict in mice and, if so, whether a partial benzodiazepine agonist Ro 19-8022 is able to reverse these behavioral changes without untoward effects such as sedation. An experimental model consisting of interactions of pairs of singly-housed male mice with non-aggressive group-housed male mice was used. Alprazolam (1 mg/kg) was given orally twice daily for 8 days and once on the 9th day. When withdrawn from alprazolam (3 days after the last dose), mice reduced social investigation and increased the incidence of aggressive behavior in comparison to the pre-withdrawal level. However, the increase of aggression was moderate and occurred only in subjects with low pre-treatment levels of aggression. Ro 19-8022 (10 mg/kg) significantly antagonized the decrease of social behavior and the increase of aggression after alprazolam withdrawal without causing sedation or ataxia.

• MeSH
• abstinenční syndrom farmakoterapie   psychologie   MeSH
• agrese účinky léků   MeSH
• alprazolam škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• anxiolytika škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• chinoliziny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• myši inbrední ICR MeSH
• myši MeSH
• pohybová aktivita účinky léků   MeSH
• postura těla fyziologie   MeSH
• pyrrolidiny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• sociální chování * MeSH
• sociální prostředí MeSH
• úniková reakce účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alprazolam MeSH
• anxiolytika MeSH
• chinoliziny MeSH
• pyrrolidiny MeSH
• Ro 19-8022 MeSH Prohlížeč

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) displays a variety of architectural patterns, which are often intermingled. However, a predominant or purely multicystic growth with diffuse intracystic hemorrhage leading to hemangioma-like histomorphology, is extremely rare in CCRCC. In this article, we describe a CCRCC exhibiting a pure hemangioma-like architecture and aggressive behavior. The patient was a 73-year-old man with a tumor of the left kidney measuring 70 mm in the largest dimension. Histological examination of the nephrectomy specimen revealed a tumor composed entirely of blood filled spaces lined by a single layer of flattened or low cuboidal cells lacking high-grade features or voluminous clear cytoplasm. These cells showed diffuse immunohistochemical positivity for keratin AE1/AE3 and carbonic anhydrase 9 and focal positivity for PAX8, CD10, and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase. The tumor invaded the renal vein; no lymph nodes or extension of the tumor into the soft tissues of the hilum were detected (stage pT3a pNx). Using the Illumina TruSight Oncology 500 kit, a clinically significant c.3481dup, p.(Arg1161LysfsTer13) and c.2050del, p.(Gln684Asnfs4) mutations of the tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) gene and c.296, p.(Pro99GlnfsTer60) mutation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene were identified. The immunophenotype and molecular genetics of our tumor were consistent with CCRCC, suggesting that the unusual hemangioma-like growth pattern is most likely the result of extensive regressive changes. In contrast to all previously published reports, our study demonstrated that, despite the bland histological appearance, renal cell carcinomas with hemangioma-like features can invade the renal vein and follow an aggressive clinical course.

• Klíčová slova
• aggressive clinical course, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Aggressive behaviour of adolescents may be based either on an inborn personality structure, or cultivated by training, i.e. the character of punishment. It is encountered in children with organic disorders of the CNS or psychotic disease. A specific case is aggressive behaviour in communities, being found in particular in communities of boys. The authors describe a typical case of an aggressor and the typical profile of the victim. Psychiatric intervention involves psychotherapeutic treatment and influencing of the social and family which should be focused on possible aggressive behaviour.

• MeSH
• agrese * MeSH
• chování mladistvých * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• skupinové procesy MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

Rates of aggression and delinquency are assumed to be higher among Roma and other minorities, but sound evidence of this is lacking. Our aim was to assess delinquent and aggressive behavior among Roma and non-Roma adolescents and the effects on ethnic differences of parental education and social desirability. We conducted a cross-sectional study among Roma from separated and segregated settlements in the eastern part of Slovakia (N = 330; Mage = 14.50; interview) and non-Roma adolescents (N = 722; Mage = 14.86; questionnaire). The effect of ethnicity on antisocial behaviors was analyzed using linear regression (crude) and adjusted for gender, parental education, and social desirability. Adjustment for social desirability diminished the ethnic differences in delinquency (B = 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [2.12, -0.04]), led to an increase in the differences in hostility (B = 2.43; 95% CI = [0.87, 3.99]), and led to the disappearance of differences in physical aggression (B = 0.45; 95% CI = [1.14, 2.07]). Parental education did not affect the associations in an important way. Our findings indicate that Roma are not that much different from non-Roma, in terms of antisocial behavior, which contradicts the general perception of Roma. Our findings should be confirmed in other settings.

• Klíčová slova
• Roma/Gypsy, adolescents, aggression, delinquency, ethnicity, social desirability,
• MeSH
• agrese * MeSH
• chování mladistvých etnologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nepřátelství MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• Romové statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• sociální žádoucnost * MeSH
• socioekonomické faktory MeSH
• zločinnost mladistvých etnologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika epidemiologie   MeSH

• MeSH
• agrese fyziologie   MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus fyziologie   MeSH
• ryby fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH