OBJECTIVES: Accurate values of the intracranial pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) are the prerequisite for calculating cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Increased ICP values decrease CPP. The origin of ICP increase in the clinical cases after brain ischemia and diffuse brain injury is the cellular brain edema (CE). Short-term monitoring of ICP and MAP is possible only in the unconscious patients, in experiments with rats it used to be possible only in general anesthesia. Long-term monitoring of ICP or MAP in the clinical practice is not possible. We therefore introduce an experimental model with telemetric monitoring. METHODS: ICP (subdurally) and MAP (intracarotically) were monitored in freely moving rats for 72 hours by DSI™ (Data Sciences International) telemetry system. The control group consisted of 8 rats, the experimental group had 8 animals with CE-induced by water intoxication. RESULTS: The mean MAP, ICP and CPP values were significantly higher in the experimental group. Average values of MAP were 19.9 mmHg (18%), ICP 5.3 mmHg (55%), CPP 14.5 mmHg (15% higher). CONCLUSION: The results of the pilot study verified possibilities of long-term telemetric monitoring of the mean arterial and intracranial pressures for the determination of current cerebral perfusion pressure in freely moving rats under physiological conditions and with increased intracranial pressure due to the induced cerebral edema. Detailed analysis of the course of the curves in the experimental group revealed episodes of short-term CPP reduction below the optimum value of 70 mmHg. Interpretation of these episodes requires simultaneous monitoring of rat behavior.

• MeSH
• ambulantní monitorování přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• arteriální tlak * MeSH
• edém mozku patofyziologie   MeSH
• intrakraniální tlak * MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mozkový krevní oběh MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• technologie dálkového snímání přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• telemetrie přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• CAROTID ARTERIES *, CEREBRAL EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS/diagnosis *, RETINA/blood supply *,
• MeSH
• arteria carotis communis * MeSH
• arteriae carotides * MeSH
• arteriální tlak * MeSH
• intrakraniální embolie a trombóza diagnóza   MeSH
• intrakraniální embolie * MeSH
• krevní tlak * MeSH
• retina krevní zásobení   MeSH
• trombóza * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Major adverse cardiovascular events are closely associated with 24-hour blood pressure (BP). We determined outcome-driven thresholds for 24-hour mean arterial pressure (MAP), a BP index estimated by oscillometric devices. We assessed the association of major adverse cardiovascular events with 24-hour MAP, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) in a population-based cohort (n=11 596). Statistics included multivariable Cox regression and the generalized R2 statistic to test model fit. Baseline office and 24-hour MAP averaged 97.4 and 90.4 mm Hg. Over 13.6 years (median), 2034 major adverse cardiovascular events occurred. Twenty-four-hour MAP levels of <90 (normotension, n=6183), 90 to <92 (elevated MAP, n=909), 92 to <96 (stage-1 hypertension, n=1544), and ≥96 (stage-2 hypertension, n=2960) mm Hg yielded equivalent 10-year major adverse cardiovascular events risks as office MAP categorized using 2017 American thresholds for office SBP and DBP. Compared with 24-hour MAP normotension, hazard ratios were 0.96 (95% CI, 0.80-1.16), 1.32 (1.15-1.51), and 1.77 (1.59-1.97), for elevated and stage-1 and stage-2 hypertensive MAP. On top of 24-hour MAP, higher 24-hour SBP increased, whereas higher 24-hour DBP attenuated risk (P<0.001). Considering the 24-hour measurements, R2 statistics were similar for SBP (1.34) and MAP (1.28), lower for DBP than for MAP (0.47), and reduced to null, if the base model included SBP and DBP; if the ambulatory BP indexes were dichotomized according to the 2017 American guideline and the proposed 92 mm Hg for MAP, the R2 values were 0.71, 0.89, 0.32, and 0.10, respectively. In conclusion, the clinical application of 24-hour MAP thresholds in conjunction with SBP and DBP refines risk estimates.

• Klíčová slova
• cardiovascular disease, hypertension, mean arterial pressure, mortality, oscillometry,
• MeSH
• ambulantní monitorování krevního tlaku * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze komplikace   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci etiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

Arterial compliance (C) is a complex parameter influencing ventricular-arterial coupling depending on structural (arterial wall remodeling) and functional (blood pressure, smooth muscles tone) changes. Based on Windkessel model, C can be calculated as the ratio of a time constant Tau characterizing diastolic blood pressure decay and total peripheral resistance (TPR). The aim of this study was to assess changes of C in the context of systolic arterial pressure (SAP) perturbations during four physiological states (supine rest, head-up tilt, supine recovery, mental arithmetic). In order to compare pressure independent changes of C a new index of C120 was proposed predicting C value at 120 mm Hg of SAP. Eighty-one healthy young subjects (48 f, average age 18.6 years) were examined. Hemodynamic parameters were measured beat-to-beat using volume-clamp photoplethysmographic method and impedance cardiography. We observed that C was strongly related to SAP values on the beat-to-beat time scale. Interestingly, C120 decreased significantly during stress phases. In conclusion, potential changes of SAP should be considered when measuring C. Arterial compliance changes in the opposite direction to TPR pointing towards influence of vascular tone changes on its value.

• MeSH
• arteriální tlak * MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cévní rezistence MeSH
• fyziologická adaptace MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• matematické pojmy MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• modely kardiovaskulární MeSH
• polohování pacienta MeSH
• supinační poloha MeSH
• systola MeSH
• test na nakloněné rovině MeSH
• tuhost cévní stěny * MeSH
• zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of hypertension (HTN)/normotension (NT) on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is usually based on systolic (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The goal of this study was to analyze whether inclusion of mean arterial pressure (MAP) improves the detection of HTN on ABPM. METHODS: We retrospectively studied ABPM records in 229 children (116 boys, median age = 15.3 years) who were referred for evaluation of HTN. A diagnosis of HTN was made if: (A) MAP or SBP or DBP was ≥ 1.65 SDS (95th percentile); (B) SBP or DBP was ≥ 1.65 SDS (95th percentile), during 24-h or daytime or night-time in both definitions. RESULTS: Using definition A, 46/229 patients had HTN compared to definition B by which only 37/229 patients had HTN (p = 0.001). The level of agreement between the two definitions was very good (kappa = 0.86 ± 0.04), however nine patients (19.5 %) were missed by not using MAP in the definition of HTN. These nine patients had only mild HTN with a median Z score of 1.69. CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of MAP in the definition of ambulatory HTN significantly increased the number of hypertensive patients. MAP may be very helpful in detecting mild HTN in patients with normal/borderline SBP and DBP.

• MeSH
• ambulantní monitorování krevního tlaku * MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• arteriální tlak * MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus MeSH
• diastola MeSH
• hypertenze klasifikace   diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rozdělení chí kvadrát MeSH
• systola MeSH
• terminologie jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate potential changes in arterial blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate (HR) during a 2-month stay in Antarctica, using chronobiological analysis. METHODS: An observational study performed at Mendel research base, Antarctica, during 2011 and 2012. The studied group consisted of 24 participants of the 5th and 6th Czech Antarctic Scientific Expeditions. Three series of 24-hour ABP monitoring were performed, of these two in Antarctica and one in the Czech Republic. Chronobiological analyses of the data were performed (Halberg Chronobiology Center, Minnesota) using population-mean cosinor. The values of MESOR (Midline Estimating Statistic Of Rhythm), double amplitude and the acrophase were obtained for SBP (Systolic Blood Pressure), DBP (Diastolic Blood Pressure) and HR. These rhythm characteristics were compared between the two locations by parameter tests and by the paired t-test. RESULTS: On the average, the MESORs of SBP, DBP and HR were significantly higher in Antarctica than in the Czech Republic, as were the double amplitudes of the 12-hour component of SBP and DBP. High prevalence of CHAT (Circadian Hyper-Amplitude-Tension) was detected in Antarctica (8/24 = 33%); only 2 persons had CHAT in the Czech Republic (χ²=3.945, p=0.047). CONCLUSIONS: A prolonged stay in Antarctica clearly affected certain chronobiological parameters of ABP and HR.

• MeSH
• ambulantní monitorování krevního tlaku MeSH
• arteriální tlak fyziologie   MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• expedice MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• studené klima * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Antarktida MeSH
• Česká republika MeSH

There are reports of positive effects of quercetin on cardiovascular pathologies, however, mainly due to its low biovailability, the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that one metabolite formed by human microflora (3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid)relaxed isolated rat aorta and decreased arterial blood pressure in rats.

• Klíčová slova
• Blood pressure, Flavonoid, Metabolite, Phenolic, Quercetin, Rat, Vascular,
• MeSH
• arteriální tlak účinky léků   MeSH
• fenoly farmakologie   MeSH
• flavonoidy farmakologie   MeSH
• hemodynamika MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• potkani inbrední SHR MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• propionáty farmakologie   MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• fenoly MeSH
• flavonoidy MeSH
• propionáty MeSH

As part of a programme designed to determine precursors of arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis in children and adolescents, a cross-sectional study involving the groups of families whose children had different baseline arterial pressure levels was conducted. An association between the level of arterial pressure in the children and the blood pressure levels and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in their first-degree relatives was found. The most informative signs for decreased and increased arterial blood pressure levels in children were identified. The findings should be taken into account when selecting groups of children who require close medical surveillance.

• MeSH
• cholesterol krev   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze genetika   MeSH
• hypotenze genetika   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci genetika   MeSH
• krevní tlak fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pohlavní dospělost MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• regresní analýza MeSH
• rodina MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost MeSH
• tělesná výška MeSH
• tloušťka kožní řasy MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cholesterol MeSH

The study investigated second derivative of the finger arterial pressure waveform (SDFAP) in 120 healthy middle-aged subjects and in 24 subjects with essential hypertension. SDFAP consists of 5 sequential waves 'a'-'e'. Their normalized magnitudes (B/A, C/A, D/A, and E/A) were calculated. In multivariate regression analysis, B/A and C/A correlated only with age. D/A independently correlated with age, heart period, mean blood pressure (MBP), body height, and gender. E/A independently correlated with age and MBP. D/A and E/A were higher (0.42+/-0.16 vs. 0.33+/-0.14, p = 0.05 and 0.63+/-0.15 vs. 0.45+/-0.14, p < 0.001), while B/A and C/A were lower (1.04+/-0.16 vs. 1.20+/-0.17, p = 0.002 and 0.09+/-0.15 vs. 0.26+/-0.20, p = 0.001) in hypertensives compared to sex- and age-matched controls. After the adjustment for MBP, heart period, and body mass index (ANCOVA), independent discriminative power was preserved only for indices B/A and C/A (p = 0.001 and 0.021, respectively). Therefore, B/A and C/A provide additional information about simple clinical characteristics and might reflect the structural alteration of the arterial wall in hypertensive subjects.

• MeSH
• algoritmy * MeSH
• diagnóza počítačová metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• krevní tlak * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• měření krevního tlaku metody   MeSH
• numerická analýza pomocí počítače MeSH
• prsty ruky krevní zásobení   MeSH
• pulzatilní průtok MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky kontrolované MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• BLOOD PRESSURE *, PULSE *,
• MeSH
• krevní tlak * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pulz * MeSH
• srdeční frekvence * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH