OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of maternal and neonatal outcomes in operative vaginal deliveries in prospective study analysis. DESIGN: Prospective case-control study analysis. SETTING: Prospective analysis of 292 operative vaginal deliveries (VEX, forceps) for the period June 2016 - August 2017 from overall 6056 vaginal deliveries. Type and frequency of maternal and neonatal trauma occurence was observed in connection with using vacuum-assisted delivery and forceps delivery, mainly the cephalohematomas and their complications. Collected data were statistically analysed. RESULTS: In the reported period from overall 6056 deliveries there were 216 vacuumextractions (3.6%) and 72 forceps deliveries (1.2%) performed. Both methods were used in four patients (VEX and forceps). The most frequent trauma in newborns were cephalohematomas. Remarkable cephalohematoma, requiring further observation has occured in 40 newborns (18.5%) after vacuum-assisted delivery and in 5 newborns (6.9%), (p = 0,017) after forceps delivery. Consequential punction of cephalohematoma occured only after vacuumextraction delivery and in 6 newborns (15.0 %). The third degree perineal rupture occured after vacuumextraction in 20 patients (9.3%) and after forceps delivery in 12 patients (16.7%), (p = 0,091). The fourth degree perineal rupture occured only after vacuumextraction and in 1 case (0.5%). CONCLUSION: The vacuumextraction compared with forceps is more likely to be associated with the statistically significant incidence of cephalohematomas and their further treatment. Forceps deliveries compared with vacuumextraction are more likely to be associated with the maternal perineal trauma, but the diference was not statistically significant.

• Klíčová slova
• cephalohematoma, forceps delivery, maternal trauma, neonatal trauma, vacuum-assisted delivery,
• MeSH
• hematom etiologie   MeSH
• lacerace etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• porodní poranění novorozence etiologie   MeSH
• porodnické kleště škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vakuová extrakce porodnická škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• vedení porodu metody   MeSH
• výsledek těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlavní orgány zranění   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIMS: To determine the incidence of children < 2 years old with suspected abusive head trauma, to evaluate usage of dedicated skeletal radiographs and the incidence of clinically occult fractures on dedicated skeletal radiographs. METHODS: This is a retrospective single centre study of children < 2 years old with traumatic brain injury, referred to the University Hospital's Social Services Department between December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2020. Clinical and demographic data was retrieved from medical notes and imaging was reviewed by paediatric radiologists. RESULTS: 26 children (17 males), 2 weeks to 21 months of age (median age 3 months) were included. Eleven children (42%) had traumatic history, fourteen children (54%) had one or more bruises, eighteen children (69%) had abnormal neurological findings. 16 children (62%) had dedicated skeletal radiographs, 7 children (27%) had radiographs of part of the skeleton and 3 children (11%) had no skeletal radiographs. 5 out of 16 children (31%) with dedicated skeletal radiographs had a clinically occult fracture. 15 (83%) of clinically occult fractures had high specificity for abuse. CONCLUSION: The incidence of suspected abusive head trauma in children < 2 years old is low. Clinically occult fractures were detected in one third of children with dedicated skeletal radiographs. The majority of these fractures have high specificity for abuse. Dedicated skeletal imaging is not performed in more than one third of the children and hence fractures may be missed. Efforts should be taken to increase awareness of child abuse imaging protocols.

• Klíčová slova
• abuse, abusive head trauma, children, fracture, imaging, non-accidental injury,
• MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kraniocerebrální traumata diagnostické zobrazování   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• radiografie * MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• uzavřené fraktury diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• zneužívané dítě * MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• DELIVERY/complications *, WOUNDS AND INJURIES/in infant and child *,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dystokie * MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci novorozenců * MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• rány a poranění * MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vedení porodu komplikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aims of this retrospective study covering the years 1984-1998 were: 1. to survey burn injuries in children at the present time and 2. to compare the current results with the conclusions of an analogous study performed in the years 1964-1983. A decline in the occurrence of lethal burn wounds was found, as well as in burn shock as a direct cause of death. Children 1-4 years old continue to be the most frequent victims of fatal accidents. The most common cause of burn injury in this group remains scalding in the household.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• fatální výsledek MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• popálení mortalita   patologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• MeSH
• břicho chirurgie   MeSH
• fraktury kostí chirurgie   MeSH
• infekce terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• močové ústrojí abnormality   MeSH
• nemoci novorozenců chirurgie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ortopedie * MeSH
• porodní poranění novorozence chirurgie   MeSH
• urologické nemoci chirurgie   MeSH
• vrozené deformity nohy (od hlezna dolů) MeSH
• vrozené vady chirurgie   MeSH
• vývojová kyčelní dysplazie chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• atrézie jícnu chirurgie   MeSH
• defekty neurální trubice chirurgie   MeSH
• hydrocefalus chirurgie   MeSH
• larynx abnormality   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory vrozené   MeSH
• nemoci novorozenců chirurgie   MeSH
• nos abnormality   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• parenterální výživa MeSH
• plicní nemoci vrozené   MeSH
• pooperační péče MeSH
• porodní poranění novorozence chirurgie   MeSH
• předoperační péče MeSH
• rozštěp patra chirurgie   MeSH
• rozštěp rtu chirurgie   MeSH
• subdurální hematom chirurgie   MeSH
• vrozená brániční kýla MeSH
• vrozené srdeční vady chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• asfyxie mortalita   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• náhlá smrt kojenců epidemiologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• rány a poranění mortalita   MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Sepsis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units and its early diagnosis is not straightforward. Many studies have evaluated the usefulness of various markers of infection, including C-reactive protein (CRP), which is the most accessible and widely used. CRP is of weak diagnostic value because of its low specificity; a better understanding of patterns of CRP levels associated with a particular form of infection may improve its usefulness as a sepsis marker. In the present article, we apply multilevel modeling techniques and mixed linear models to CRP-related data to assess the time course of CRP blood levels in association with clinical outcome in children with different septic conditions. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 99 patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, or septic shock who were admitted to the Pediatric Critical Care Unit at the University Hospital, Brno. CRP blood levels were monitored for 10 days following the onset of the septic condition. The effect of different septic conditions and of the surgical or nonsurgical diagnosis on CRP blood levels was statistically analyzed using mixed linear models with a multilevel modeling approach. RESULTS: A significant effect of septic condition and diagnosis on the course of CRP levels was identified. In patients who did not progress to septic shock, CRP blood levels decreased rapidly after reaching peak values - in contrast to the values in patients with septic shock in whom CRP protein levels decreased slowly. Moreover, CRP levels in patients with a surgical diagnosis were higher than in patients with a nonsurgical condition. The magnitude of this additional elevation in surgical patients did not depend on the septic condition. CONCLUSION: Understanding the pattern of change in levels of CRP associated with a particular condition may improve its diagnostic and prognostic value in children with sepsis.

• MeSH
• analýza přežití MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein metabolismus   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• rány a poranění epidemiologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• sepse krev   epidemiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein MeSH

The authors discuss the problem of mild head injuries in children aged 0-3 years and based on data obtained by a retrospective examination of a group of 119 hospitalized children and data in the literature they submit recommendations as regards examination and follow-up of these children.

• MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kraniocerebrální traumata * diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• ledviny zranění   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci novorozenců chirurgie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• poranění břicha chirurgie   MeSH
• porodní poranění novorozence komplikace   MeSH
• ruptura MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH