Východiská: Statíny (inhibítory 3-hydroxy-3-metylglutaryl koenzým A reduktázy) predstavujú látky s dobre dokumentovanými terapeutickými a preventívnymi účinkami u kardiovaskulárnych ochorení. V predklinických štúdiách statíny preukázali tumor-supresívne účinky u viacerých typov neoplázií vrátane rakoviny prsníka. Materiál a metódy: V tejto štúdii sme hodnotili antineoplastický účinok simvastatínu v chemoprevencii N-metyl-N-nitrozoureou – indukovanej mamárnej karcinogenézy u samíc potkanov. Farmakum bolo aplikované v potrave vo dvoch koncentráciách – 18 mg/kg (SIMVA 18) a 180 mg/kg (SIMVA 180). Výsledky: Po dlhodobej aplikácii simvastatínu sme na konci pokusu vyhodnotili základné parametre experimentálnej karcinogenézy. Simvastatín v skupine SIMVA 180 signifikantne znížil frekvenciu nádorov o 80,5 % a incidenciu nádorov o 58,5 % v porovnaní s kontrolou. Simvastatín v tej istej skupine zvierat nesignifikantne znížil priemerný objem nádorov o 23,5 % a nesignifikantne predĺžil latenciu o 14,5 dňa v porovnaní s kontrolnými zvieratami. U simvastatínu podávaného v nižšej dávke sme nepozorovali antineoplastické účinky. Simvastatín v oboch liečených skupinách signifikantne znížil sérové hladiny triacylglycerolov a VLDL-cholesterolu v porovnaní s kontrolnými zvieratami. V porovnaní s kontrolami sme v skupinách SIMVA 18 a SIMVA 180 pozorovali signifikantný nárast príjmu potravy u zvierat. Signifikantné zmeny prírastku telesnej hmotnosti medzi skupinami so simvastatínom a kontrolnou skupinou neboli zistené. Záver: Táto štúdia je prvou zmienkou o simvastatíne použitom v experimentálnej mamárnej karcinogenéze in vivo.

Backgrounds: Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) have proven therapeutic and preventive effects on cardiovascular diseases. Preclinical evidence demonstrates tumor-suppressive effects of statins in several human neoplasias, including breast cancer. Materials and Methods: In this study, antineoplastic effects of simvastatin in chemoprevention of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female rats were evaluated. The drug was dietary administered at two concentrations – 18 mg/kg (SIMVA 18) and 180 mg/kg (SIMVA 180). Results: Basic parameters of experimental carcinogenesis after long-term simvastatin treatment in animals were assessed. In the SIMVA 180 group, simvastatin significantly suppressed tumour frequency by 80.5% and tumour incidence by 58.5% in comparison to the controls. Higher dose simvastatin non-significantly decreased the mean tumor volume by 23.5%, as well as non-significantly lengthened the latency period by 14.5 days compared to the control animals. Simvastatin, administered at a lower dose did not change parameters of mammary carcinogenesis in comparison to the control group. Simvastatin in both treated groups significantly decreased serum levels of triacylglycerols and VLDL-cholesterol in comparison to the control animals. Compared to the controls, a significant increase in food intake by the animals was recorded in the SIMVA 18 and SIMVA 180 groups. No significant differences in the final body weight gain between the simvastatin-administered and the control group were found. Conclusion: This study represents the first report of simvastatin use in experimental mammary carcinogenesis in vivo.

Department of Medical Biology Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Martin

Antineoplastické účinky simvastatínu u experimentálnej rakoviny prsníka

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