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Short term pharmacological immobilization in macaque monkeys
Martin Votava, Ladislav Hess, Jitka Schreiberová, Jiří Málek, Karel Štein
Language English Country England, Great Britain
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Grant support
NT11284
MZ0
CEP Register
Digital library NLK
Full text - Article
Source
NLK
Wiley Online Library (archiv)
from 1997-01-01 to 2012-12-31
- MeSH
- Blood Gas Analysis veterinary MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Fentanyl administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Hypnotics and Sedatives administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Immobilization methods veterinary MeSH
- Injections, Intramuscular veterinary MeSH
- Drug Therapy, Combination veterinary MeSH
- Macaca mulatta MeSH
- Medetomidine administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Midazolam administration & dosage pharmacology MeSH
- Heart Rate drug effects MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To develop a safe and effective immobilization protocol in rhesus monkeys, which is not based on dissociative anaesthetic agent. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomised, experimental trial. ANIMALS: Twenty rhesus monkeys, weighing 2.6-8.0 kg, 1-3 years of age, of both sexes. METHODS: The monkeys received 50 μg kg(-1) medetomidine, 0.25 mg kg(-1) midazolam and 5 μg kg(-1) fentanyl with 150 IU hyaluronidase intramuscularly (IM). The animals were closely observed for behavioural changes and reaction to sound stimulus. Pulse rate and oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (SpO(2) ) were monitored every 5 minutes, for 20 minutes. After this period, 250 μg kg(-1) atipamezole or a placebo was administered IM and behavioural changes were closely observed. RESULTS: Full immobilization was observed after mean 269 ± SD 116 seconds. Ten minutes after injection mean arterial oxygen saturation of haemoglobin was 94 ± 4%, but did not fall significantly further. The median pulse rate was 116 beats minute(-1) 5 minutes after the administration of the drug. This level further decreased to a median level of 108 beats minute(-1) 20 minutes after the drug's administration. The median time to recover from immobilization was significantly shorter after atipamezole administration when compared to placebo (2.7 versus 55 minutes). All animals awoke smoothly and no side effects such as vomiting or agitation were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Short term and reversible pharmacological immobilization was achieved using combination of midazolam, medetomidine, and fentanyl. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The present study demonstrates that 20-minute pharmacological immobilization with a combination of midazolam, medetomidine, and fentanyl is feasible in rhesus monkeys with minimal effect on heart rate.
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a Votava, Martin $u Department of Pharmacology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. martin.votava@lfmotol.cuni.cz
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- $a OBJECTIVE: To develop a safe and effective immobilization protocol in rhesus monkeys, which is not based on dissociative anaesthetic agent. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomised, experimental trial. ANIMALS: Twenty rhesus monkeys, weighing 2.6-8.0 kg, 1-3 years of age, of both sexes. METHODS: The monkeys received 50 μg kg(-1) medetomidine, 0.25 mg kg(-1) midazolam and 5 μg kg(-1) fentanyl with 150 IU hyaluronidase intramuscularly (IM). The animals were closely observed for behavioural changes and reaction to sound stimulus. Pulse rate and oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (SpO(2) ) were monitored every 5 minutes, for 20 minutes. After this period, 250 μg kg(-1) atipamezole or a placebo was administered IM and behavioural changes were closely observed. RESULTS: Full immobilization was observed after mean 269 ± SD 116 seconds. Ten minutes after injection mean arterial oxygen saturation of haemoglobin was 94 ± 4%, but did not fall significantly further. The median pulse rate was 116 beats minute(-1) 5 minutes after the administration of the drug. This level further decreased to a median level of 108 beats minute(-1) 20 minutes after the drug's administration. The median time to recover from immobilization was significantly shorter after atipamezole administration when compared to placebo (2.7 versus 55 minutes). All animals awoke smoothly and no side effects such as vomiting or agitation were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Short term and reversible pharmacological immobilization was achieved using combination of midazolam, medetomidine, and fentanyl. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The present study demonstrates that 20-minute pharmacological immobilization with a combination of midazolam, medetomidine, and fentanyl is feasible in rhesus monkeys with minimal effect on heart rate.
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