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Scale-dependent climatic drivers of human epidemics in ancient China
H. Tian, C. Yan, L. Xu, U. Büntgen, NC. Stenseth, Z. Zhang,
Language English Country United States
Document type Historical Article, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
NLK
Free Medical Journals
from 1915 to 6 months ago
Freely Accessible Science Journals
from 1915 to 6 months ago
PubMed Central
from 1915 to 6 months ago
Europe PubMed Central
from 1915 to 6 months ago
Open Access Digital Library
from 1915-01-15
Open Access Digital Library
from 1915-01-01
- MeSH
- History, Ancient MeSH
- History, Medieval MeSH
- Epidemics history MeSH
- Communicable Diseases epidemiology history MeSH
- Disasters history MeSH
- Climate Change MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Prevalence MeSH
- Check Tag
- History, Ancient MeSH
- History, Medieval MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Historical Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- China epidemiology MeSH
A wide range of climate change-induced effects have been implicated in the prevalence of infectious diseases. Disentangling causes and consequences, however, remains particularly challenging at historical time scales, for which the quality and quantity of most of the available natural proxy archives and written documentary sources often decline. Here, we reconstruct the spatiotemporal occurrence patterns of human epidemics for large parts of China and most of the last two millennia. Cold and dry climate conditions indirectly increased the prevalence of epidemics through the influences of locusts and famines. Our results further reveal that low-frequency, long-term temperature trends mainly contributed to negative associations with epidemics, while positive associations of epidemics with droughts, floods, locusts, and famines mainly coincided with both higher and lower frequency temperature variations. Nevertheless, unstable relationships between human epidemics and temperature changes were observed on relatively smaller time scales. Our study suggests that an intertwined, direct, and indirect array of biological, ecological, and societal responses to different aspects of past climatic changes strongly depended on the frequency domain and study period chosen.
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a A wide range of climate change-induced effects have been implicated in the prevalence of infectious diseases. Disentangling causes and consequences, however, remains particularly challenging at historical time scales, for which the quality and quantity of most of the available natural proxy archives and written documentary sources often decline. Here, we reconstruct the spatiotemporal occurrence patterns of human epidemics for large parts of China and most of the last two millennia. Cold and dry climate conditions indirectly increased the prevalence of epidemics through the influences of locusts and famines. Our results further reveal that low-frequency, long-term temperature trends mainly contributed to negative associations with epidemics, while positive associations of epidemics with droughts, floods, locusts, and famines mainly coincided with both higher and lower frequency temperature variations. Nevertheless, unstable relationships between human epidemics and temperature changes were observed on relatively smaller time scales. Our study suggests that an intertwined, direct, and indirect array of biological, ecological, and societal responses to different aspects of past climatic changes strongly depended on the frequency domain and study period chosen.
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- $a Xu, Lei $u State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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