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Incidence and severity of pertussis hospitalisations in infants aged less than 1 year in 37 hospitals of six EU/EEA countries, results of PERTINENT sentinel pilot surveillance system, December 2015 to December 2018

L. Merdrignac, F. Aït El Belghiti, E. Pandolfi, M. Jané, J. Murphy, K. Fabiánová, M. García Cenoz, E. Flem, S. Guillot, AE. Tozzi, G. Carmona, A. Habington, J. Zavadilová, A. Navasués, H. Bøås, D. Lévy-Brühl, B. Ferretti, M. Lanaspa, N....

. 2021 ; 26 (4) : . [pub] -

Language English Country Sweden

Document type Case Reports, Journal Article, Observational Study

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc21019532

IntroductionPERTINENT is a pilot active surveillance system of infants hospitalised with pertussis in six European Union/European Economic Area countries (37 hospitals, seven sites).AimThis observational study aimed to estimate annual pertussis incidence per site from 2016 to 2018 and respective trends between 2017 and 2018. Pertussis cases were described, including their severity.MethodsWe developed a generic protocol and laboratory guidelines to harmonise practices across sites. Cases were hospitalised infants testing positive for Bordetella pertussis by PCR or culture. Sites collected demographic, clinical, laboratory data, vaccination status, and risk/protective factors. We estimated sites' annual incidences by dividing case numbers by the catchment populations.ResultsFrom December 2015 to December 2018, we identified 469 cases (247 males; 53%). The median age, birthweight and gestational age were 2.5 months (range: 0-11.6; interquartile range (IQR): 2.5), 3,280 g (range: 700-4,925; IQR: 720) and 39 weeks (range: 25-42; IQR: 2), respectively. Thirty cases (6%) had atypical presentation either with cough or cyanosis only or with absence of pertussis-like symptoms. Of 330 cases with information, 83 (25%) were admitted to intensive care units including five deceased infants too young to be vaccinated. Incidence rate ratios between 2018 and 2017 were 1.43 in Czech Republic (p = 0.468), 0.25 in Catalonia (p = 0.002), 0.71 in France (p = 0.034), 0.14 in Ireland (p = 0.002), 0.63 in Italy (p = 0.053), 0.21 in Navarra (p = 0.148) and zero in Norway.ConclusionsIncidence appeared to decrease between 2017 and 2018 in all but one site. Enhanced surveillance of hospitalised pertussis in Europe is essential to monitor pertussis epidemiology and disease burden.

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$a Merdrignac, Lore $u Epidemiology Department, Epiconcept, Paris, France
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$a Incidence and severity of pertussis hospitalisations in infants aged less than 1 year in 37 hospitals of six EU/EEA countries, results of PERTINENT sentinel pilot surveillance system, December 2015 to December 2018 / $c L. Merdrignac, F. Aït El Belghiti, E. Pandolfi, M. Jané, J. Murphy, K. Fabiánová, M. García Cenoz, E. Flem, S. Guillot, AE. Tozzi, G. Carmona, A. Habington, J. Zavadilová, A. Navasués, H. Bøås, D. Lévy-Brühl, B. Ferretti, M. Lanaspa, N. O'Sullivan, P. Křížová, L. Fernandino, T. Bekkevold, T. Hanslik, C. Muñoz-Almagro, S. Bacci, G. Spiteri, M. Valenciano, A. Moren, PERTINENT Group, PERTINENT group
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$a IntroductionPERTINENT is a pilot active surveillance system of infants hospitalised with pertussis in six European Union/European Economic Area countries (37 hospitals, seven sites).AimThis observational study aimed to estimate annual pertussis incidence per site from 2016 to 2018 and respective trends between 2017 and 2018. Pertussis cases were described, including their severity.MethodsWe developed a generic protocol and laboratory guidelines to harmonise practices across sites. Cases were hospitalised infants testing positive for Bordetella pertussis by PCR or culture. Sites collected demographic, clinical, laboratory data, vaccination status, and risk/protective factors. We estimated sites' annual incidences by dividing case numbers by the catchment populations.ResultsFrom December 2015 to December 2018, we identified 469 cases (247 males; 53%). The median age, birthweight and gestational age were 2.5 months (range: 0-11.6; interquartile range (IQR): 2.5), 3,280 g (range: 700-4,925; IQR: 720) and 39 weeks (range: 25-42; IQR: 2), respectively. Thirty cases (6%) had atypical presentation either with cough or cyanosis only or with absence of pertussis-like symptoms. Of 330 cases with information, 83 (25%) were admitted to intensive care units including five deceased infants too young to be vaccinated. Incidence rate ratios between 2018 and 2017 were 1.43 in Czech Republic (p = 0.468), 0.25 in Catalonia (p = 0.002), 0.71 in France (p = 0.034), 0.14 in Ireland (p = 0.002), 0.63 in Italy (p = 0.053), 0.21 in Navarra (p = 0.148) and zero in Norway.ConclusionsIncidence appeared to decrease between 2017 and 2018 in all but one site. Enhanced surveillance of hospitalised pertussis in Europe is essential to monitor pertussis epidemiology and disease burden.
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$a Aït El Belghiti, Fatima $u Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé Publique France, Paris, France
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$a Pandolfi, Elisabetta $u Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
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$a Jané, Mireia $u Epidemiological surveillance and response, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
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$a Guillot, Sophie $u Biodiversité et Epidémiologie des bactéries et pathogènes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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$a Tozzi, Alberto E $u Chief Innovation Unit and Clinical Trials, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
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$a Habington, Adele $u Microbiology, Our Lady's Children's hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
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$a Navasués, Ana $u Clinical Microbiology Service, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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$a O'Sullivan, Niam $u Microbiology, Our Lady's Children's hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
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