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Consensus Paper: Cerebellum and Ageing
A. Arleo, M. Bareš, JA. Bernard, HR. Bogoian, MMK. Bruchhage, P. Bryant, ES. Carlson, CCH. Chan, LK. Chen, CP. Chung, VM. Dotson, P. Filip, X. Guell, C. Habas, HIL. Jacobs, S. Kakei, TMC. Lee, M. Leggio, M. Misiura, H. Mitoma, G. Olivito, S....
Jazyk angličtina Země Spojené státy americké
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, přehledy
Grantová podpora
R21 AG077307
NIA NIH HHS - United States
T32 AG052354
NIA NIH HHS - United States
P30 AG066509
NIA NIH HHS - United States
U19 AG073172
NIA NIH HHS - United States
R01 AG064010
NIA NIH HHS - United States
U19 AG065169
NIA NIH HHS - United States
NLK
ProQuest Central
od 2002-03-01 do Před 1 rokem
Medline Complete (EBSCOhost)
od 2002-01-01 do Před 1 rokem
Nursing & Allied Health Database (ProQuest)
od 2002-03-01 do Před 1 rokem
Health & Medicine (ProQuest)
od 2002-03-01 do Před 1 rokem
Psychology Database (ProQuest)
od 2002-03-01 do Před 1 rokem
- MeSH
- depresivní porucha unipolární * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- konsensus MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody MeSH
- mozeček patologie MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Given the key roles of the cerebellum in motor, cognitive, and affective operations and given the decline of brain functions with aging, cerebellar circuitry is attracting the attention of the scientific community. The cerebellum plays a key role in timing aspects of both motor and cognitive operations, including for complex tasks such as spatial navigation. Anatomically, the cerebellum is connected with the basal ganglia via disynaptic loops, and it receives inputs from nearly every region in the cerebral cortex. The current leading hypothesis is that the cerebellum builds internal models and facilitates automatic behaviors through multiple interactions with the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia and spinal cord. The cerebellum undergoes structural and functional changes with aging, being involved in mobility frailty and related cognitive impairment as observed in the physio-cognitive decline syndrome (PCDS) affecting older, functionally-preserved adults who show slowness and/or weakness. Reductions in cerebellar volume accompany aging and are at least correlated with cognitive decline. There is a strongly negative correlation between cerebellar volume and age in cross-sectional studies, often mirrored by a reduced performance in motor tasks. Still, predictive motor timing scores remain stable over various age groups despite marked cerebellar atrophy. The cerebello-frontal network could play a significant role in processing speed and impaired cerebellar function due to aging might be compensated by increasing frontal activity to optimize processing speed in the elderly. For cognitive operations, decreased functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) is correlated with lower performances. Neuroimaging studies highlight that the cerebellum might be involved in the cognitive decline occurring in Alzheimer's disease (AD), independently of contributions of the cerebral cortex. Grey matter volume loss in AD is distinct from that seen in normal aging, occurring initially in cerebellar posterior lobe regions, and is associated with neuronal, synaptic and beta-amyloid neuropathology. Regarding depression, structural imaging studies have identified a relationship between depressive symptoms and cerebellar gray matter volume. In particular, major depressive disorder (MDD) and higher depressive symptom burden are associated with smaller gray matter volumes in the total cerebellum as well as the posterior cerebellum, vermis, and posterior Crus I. From the genetic/epigenetic standpoint, prominent DNA methylation changes in the cerebellum with aging are both in the form of hypo- and hyper-methylation, and the presumably increased/decreased expression of certain genes might impact on motor coordination. Training influences motor skills and lifelong practice might contribute to structural maintenance of the cerebellum in old age, reducing loss of grey matter volume and therefore contributing to the maintenance of cerebellar reserve. Non-invasive cerebellar stimulation techniques are increasingly being applied to enhance cerebellar functions related to motor, cognitive, and affective operations. They might enhance cerebellar reserve in the elderly. In conclusion, macroscopic and microscopic changes occur in the cerebellum during the lifespan, with changes in structural and functional connectivity with both the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. With the aging of the population and the impact of aging on quality of life, the panel of experts considers that there is a huge need to clarify how the effects of aging on the cerebellar circuitry modify specific motor, cognitive, and affective operations both in normal subjects and in brain disorders such as AD or MDD, with the goal of preventing symptoms or improving the motor, cognitive, and affective symptoms.
Ataxia Laboratory 1 R C C S Santa Lucia Foundation Rome Italy
Center for Geriatric and Gerontology Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
Center for Magnetic Resonance Research University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA
CHNO Des Quinze Vingts INSERM DGOS CIC 1423 28 rue de Charenton 75012 Paris France
Department of Medical Education Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
Department of Neurology Neurological Institute Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
Department of Neurology School of Medicine University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA
Department of Psychology Georgia State University Atlanta GA USA
Department of Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
Freie Universität Berlin Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik Arnimallee 12 14195 Berlin Germany
Gerontology Institute Georgia State University Atlanta GA USA
Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
Jissen Women's University Tokyo Japan
Research Center for Child Mental Development University of Fukui Fukui Japan
Rhode Island Hospital Department for Diagnostic Imaging 1 Hoppin St Providence RI 02903 USA
Service de Neurologie Médiathèque Jean Jacquy CHU Charleroi Charleroi Belgium
Service des Neurosciences University of Mons Mons Belgium
Sorbonne Université INSERM CNRS Institut de la Vision 17 rue Moreau F 75012 Paris France
State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
Taipei Municipal Gan Dau Hospital Taipei Taiwan
Texas A and M Institute for Neuroscience Texas A and M University College Station TX USA
Citace poskytuje Crossref.org
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- $a Given the key roles of the cerebellum in motor, cognitive, and affective operations and given the decline of brain functions with aging, cerebellar circuitry is attracting the attention of the scientific community. The cerebellum plays a key role in timing aspects of both motor and cognitive operations, including for complex tasks such as spatial navigation. Anatomically, the cerebellum is connected with the basal ganglia via disynaptic loops, and it receives inputs from nearly every region in the cerebral cortex. The current leading hypothesis is that the cerebellum builds internal models and facilitates automatic behaviors through multiple interactions with the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia and spinal cord. The cerebellum undergoes structural and functional changes with aging, being involved in mobility frailty and related cognitive impairment as observed in the physio-cognitive decline syndrome (PCDS) affecting older, functionally-preserved adults who show slowness and/or weakness. Reductions in cerebellar volume accompany aging and are at least correlated with cognitive decline. There is a strongly negative correlation between cerebellar volume and age in cross-sectional studies, often mirrored by a reduced performance in motor tasks. Still, predictive motor timing scores remain stable over various age groups despite marked cerebellar atrophy. The cerebello-frontal network could play a significant role in processing speed and impaired cerebellar function due to aging might be compensated by increasing frontal activity to optimize processing speed in the elderly. For cognitive operations, decreased functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) is correlated with lower performances. Neuroimaging studies highlight that the cerebellum might be involved in the cognitive decline occurring in Alzheimer's disease (AD), independently of contributions of the cerebral cortex. Grey matter volume loss in AD is distinct from that seen in normal aging, occurring initially in cerebellar posterior lobe regions, and is associated with neuronal, synaptic and beta-amyloid neuropathology. Regarding depression, structural imaging studies have identified a relationship between depressive symptoms and cerebellar gray matter volume. In particular, major depressive disorder (MDD) and higher depressive symptom burden are associated with smaller gray matter volumes in the total cerebellum as well as the posterior cerebellum, vermis, and posterior Crus I. From the genetic/epigenetic standpoint, prominent DNA methylation changes in the cerebellum with aging are both in the form of hypo- and hyper-methylation, and the presumably increased/decreased expression of certain genes might impact on motor coordination. Training influences motor skills and lifelong practice might contribute to structural maintenance of the cerebellum in old age, reducing loss of grey matter volume and therefore contributing to the maintenance of cerebellar reserve. Non-invasive cerebellar stimulation techniques are increasingly being applied to enhance cerebellar functions related to motor, cognitive, and affective operations. They might enhance cerebellar reserve in the elderly. In conclusion, macroscopic and microscopic changes occur in the cerebellum during the lifespan, with changes in structural and functional connectivity with both the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. With the aging of the population and the impact of aging on quality of life, the panel of experts considers that there is a huge need to clarify how the effects of aging on the cerebellar circuitry modify specific motor, cognitive, and affective operations both in normal subjects and in brain disorders such as AD or MDD, with the goal of preventing symptoms or improving the motor, cognitive, and affective symptoms.
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