The headwaters of five large African river basins flow through the Bié Plateau in Angola and still remain faunistically largely unexplored. We investigated fish fauna from the Cuanza and Okavango-Zambezi river systems from central Angola. We reconstructed molecular phylogenies of the most common cichlid species from the region, Tilapia sparrmanii and Serranochromis macrocephalus, using both mitochondrial and nuclear markers. We found evidence for ichthyofaunal contact and gene flow between the Cuanza and Okavango-Zambezi watersheds in the Bié Plateau in central Angola. Waterfalls and rapids also appeared to restrict genetic exchange among populations within the Cuanza basin. Further, we found that the Angolan Serranochromis cichlid fishes represent a monophyletic lineage with respect to other haplochromines, including the serranochromines from the Congo and Zambezi rivers. This study represents an important initial step in a biodiversity survey of this extremely poorly explored region, as well as giving further understanding to species distributions and gene flow both between and within river basins.

Laboratory of Fish Genetics Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics AV ČR v v i Liběchov Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Balon EK (1974) Fishes from the edge of Victoria Falls: demise of a physical barrier for downstream invasions. Copeia, 1974, 643–660.

Balon EK, Stewart DJ (1983) Fish assemblages in a river with unusual gradient (Luongo, Africa-Zaire system), reflections on river zonation, and description of another species. Env Biol Fish 9: 225–252.

Berra TM (2001) Freshwater Fish Distribution. Academic Press.

Burridge CP, Craw D, Jack DC, King TM, Waters JM (2008) Does fish ecology predict dispersal across a river drainage divide? Evolution 62: 1484–99. PubMed

Farias IP, Torrico JP, García-Dávila C, Santos MCF, Hrbek T, et al. (2010) Are rapids a barrier for floodplain fishes of the Amazon Basin? A demographic study of the keystone floodplain species Colossoma macropomum (Teleostei: Characiformes). Mol Phylogenet Evol 56: 1129–1135. PubMed

Whiteley A, Hastings K, Wenburg J, Frissell C, Martin J, et al. (2010) Genetic variation and effective population size in isolated populations of cutthroat troug. Conserv Genet 11: 1929–1943.

Kano Y, Nishida S, Nakajima J (2012) Waterfalls drive parallel evolution in a freshwater goby. Ecol and Evol 2: 1805–1817. PubMed PMC

Stankiewicz J, de Wit MJ (2006) A proposed drainage evolution model for Central Africa - Did the Congo flow east? J Afr Earth Sci 44: 75–84.

Haddon IG, McCarthy TS (2005) The Mesozoic-Cenozoic interior sag basins of Central Africa: The Late-Cretaceous-Cenozoic Kalahari and Okavango basins. J Afr Earth Sci 43: 316–333.

Lévêque C (1997) Biodiversity dynamics and conservation. The freshwater fishes of tropical Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Inc.

Genner MJ, Haesler MP (2010) Pliocene isolation of a north-west Saharan cichlid fish. J Fish Biol 76: 435–41. PubMed

Albert JS, Crampton WG (2010) The Geography and Ecology of Diversification in Neotropical Freshwaters. Nature Educ Know 1(10): 13.

Joyce DA, Lunt DH, Bills R, Turner GF, Katongo C, et al. (2005). An extant cichlid fish radiation emerged in an extinct Pleistocene lake. Science 435(May). PubMed

Koblmüller AS, Katongo C, Phiri H, Sturmbauer C (2012) Past Connection of the Upper Reaches of a Lake Tanganyika Tributary with the Upper Congo Drainage Suggested by Genetic Data of Riverine Cichlid Fishes. Afr Zool 47(1): 182–186.

Skelton P (2001) A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa, 2nd Edition. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik Publishers.

Schwarzer J, Misof B, Tautz D, Schliewen UK (2009) The root of the East African cichlid radiations. BMC Evol Biol 9: 186 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-186 PubMed DOI PMC

Klett V, Meyer A (2002) What, if anything, is a Tilapia? - Mitochondrial ND2 phylogeny of tilapiines and the evolution of parental care systems in the African cichlid fishes. . Mol Biol Evol. 19(6): 865–883. PubMed

Salzburger W, Mack T, Verheyen E, Meyer A (2005) Out of Tanganyika: Genesis, explosive speciation, key-innovations and phylogeography of the haplochromine cichlid fishes. BMC Evol Biol 9: (186). DOI:10.1186/1471-2148-9-186. PubMed DOI PMC

Koblmuller S, Schliewen UK, Duftner N, Sefc KM, Katongo C, et al. (2008) Age and spread of the haplochromine cichlid fishes in Africa. Mol Phylogenet Evol 49: 153–169. PubMed

Schwarzer J, Swartz ER, Vreven E, Snoeks J, Peter F, et al. (2012) Repeated trans-watershed hybridization among haplochromine cichlids (Cichlidae) was triggered by Neogene landscape evolution. Proc Royal Soc B. 279: : 4389 – 4398. PubMed PMC

Katongo C, Koblmüller S, Duftner N, Mumba L, Sturmbauer C (2007) Evolutionary history and biogeographic affinities of the serranochromine cichlids in Zambian rivers. Mol Phylogenet Evol 45(1): 326–338. PubMed

Hughes RH, Hughes JS (1992) A Directory of African Wetlands. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN/Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP/Cambridge, UK: WCMC.

Abell R, Thieme ML, Revenga C, Bryer M, Kottelat M, et al. (2008) Freshwater ecoregions of the world: A new map of biogeographic units for freshwater biodiversity conservation. Bioscience, 58: , 403–414.

Trewavas E (1973) A new species of cichlid fish of rivers Quanza and Bengo, Angola, with a list of the known Cichlidae of these rivers and a note on Pseudocrenilabrus natalensis Fowler. Bull Br Mus (Zool) 25: 27–38.

Nichols JT, Boulton R (1927) Three new minnows of the genus Barbus, and a new characin from the Vernay Angola Expedition. Am Mus Novit 264: 1–8.

Fowler HW (1930) The fresh-water fishes obtained by the Gray African Expedition 1929. With notes on other species in the Academy collection. Proc Nat Ac Sci Phila 82: 27–83.

Thieme ML, Abell R, Burgess N, Lehner B, Dinerstein E, et al. (2005) Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment. Washington, D.C., USA: Island Press.

Poll M (1967) Contribution à la faune ichthyologique de ĺAngola. Lisbon: Diamang Publicações Culturais 75

Penrith MJ (1982) Additions to the checklist of southern african freshwater fishes and a gazetteer of south-westernangolan collecting localities. J Limnol Soc South Afr 8(2): 71–75.

Ladiges W, Voelker J (1961) Untersuchungen über die Fischfauna in Gebirgsgewässern des Wasserscheidenhochlands in Angola, Mitt Hamburg Zool Mus Inst. 59: 117–140.

Trewavas E (1936) Dr. Karl Jordan’s expedition to South-West Africa and Angola: The freshwater fishes. Novit Zool 40: 63–74.

Roberts TR (1975) Geographical distribution of African freshwater fishes. Zool J Linn Soc 57: 249–319.

Greenwood PH (1984) The haplochromine species (Teleostei, Cichlidae) of the Cunene and certain other Angolan rivers. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) 47: 187–239.

Kramer B, Skelton P, Van der Bank H, Wink M (2007) Allopatric differentiation in the Marcusenius macrolepidotus species complex in southern and eastern Africa: the resurrection of M. pongolensis and M. angolensis, and the description of two new species (Mormyridae, Teleostei. J Nat Hist. 41: 647–708 DOI: 10.1080/00222930701250987 DOI

Kramer B, Swartz ER (2010) A new species of Slender Stonebasher within the Hippopotamyrus ansorgii complex from the Cunene River in southern Africa (Teleostei: Mormyriformes). J Nat Hist 44: 2213–2242 DOI: 10.1080/00222931003764089 DOI

Hubert N, Hanner R, Holm E, Mandrak NE, Taylor E, et al. (2008) Identifying Canadian Freshwater Fishes through DNA Barcodes. PLoS ONE 3: e2490. PubMed PMC

Chow S, Hazama K (1998) Universal PCR primers for S7 ribosomal protein gene introns in fish. Mol Ecol 7: 1255–1256. PubMed

Joyce DA, Lunt DH, Bills R, Turner GF, Katongo C et al. (2005) An extant cichlid fish radiation emerged in an extinct Pleistocene lake. Nature, 435: , 90–95. PubMed

Kocher TD, Conroy JA, McKaye KR, Stauffer JR, Lockwood SF (1995) Evolution of NADH dehydrogenase in East African cichlid fish. Mol Phylogenet Evol, 4: , 420–432. PubMed

Hall TA (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucl Acids Symp Ser 41: 95–98.

Verheyen E, Salzburger W, Snoeks J, Meyer A (2003) Origin of the superflock of cichlid fishes from Lake Victoria, East Africa. Science 300(5617): 325–9. PubMed

Huelsenbeck JP, Ronquist F (2001) MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 17: 754–755. PubMed

Posada D (2008) jModelTest: Phylogenetic Model Averaging. Mol Phylogenet Evol 25: 1253–1256. PubMed

Clement M, Posada D, Crandall K (2000) TCS: a computer program to estimate gene genealogies. Mol Ecol 9(10): 1657–1660. PubMed

Swofford DL (2003) PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

Koblmüller S, Duftner N, Sefc KM, Aigner U, Rogetzer M, et al. (2009) Phylogeographic structure and gene flow in the scale-eating cichlid Perissodus microlepis (Teleostei, Perciformes, Cichlidae) in southern Lake Tanganyika. Zoologica Scripta 38: 257–268.

Kass R, Raftery A (1995) Bayes factors. J Am Stat Assoc 90: 773–795.

Goodier SM, Cotterill FPD, O’Ryan C, Skelton PH, de Wit MJ (2011). Cryptic diversity of African tigerfish (genus Hydrocynus) reveals palaeogeographic signatures of linked neogene geotectonic events. PloS one, 6(12): , e28775. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028775 PubMed DOI PMC

Decru E, Vreven E, Snoeks J (2012) A revision of the West African Hepsetus (Characiformes: Hepsetidae) with a description of Hepsetus akawo sp. nov. and a redescription of Hepsetus odoe (Bloch, 1794). J Nat Hist. 46: 1–23.

Kalous L, Musilová Z, Petrtýl M, Chaloupková P (2010) First record of African pike Hepsetus odoe (Bloch, 1794) from the river Kukemá (upper Kwanza River Basin) in Angola. Workshop of Animal Biodiversity, Jevany, Czech Republic. 61–64. ISBN 978-80-213-2146-5.

Zengeya TA, Decru E, Vreven E (2011) Rehabilitation of Hepsetus cuvieri (Castelnau, 1861) (Characiformes: Hepsetidae) from the Quanza, Zambezi and Southern part of the Congo ichthyofaunal provinces. . J Nat Hist. 45(27–28): 1723–1744.

Hubert N, Renno JF (2006) Historical biogeography of South American freshwater fishes. J Biogeogr 33: 1414–1436.

Albert JS, Carvalho TP (2011) Neogene Assembly of Modern Faunas. In: Albert JS and Reis RE, Editors. Historical Biogeography of Neotropical Fishes. USA: University of California Press. Pp. 119–136.

Goudie AS (2005) The drainage of Africa since the Cretaceous. Geomorphology, 67(3–4), : 437–456.

Markert JA, Schelly RC, Stiassny MLJ (2010) Genetic isolation and morphological divergence mediated by high-energy rapids in two cichlid genera from the lower Congo rapids. BMC Evol Biol 10: 149. PubMed PMC

East African cichlid lineages (Teleostei: Cichlidae) might be older than their ancient host lakes: new divergence estimates for the east African cichlid radiation

Zobrazit více v PubMed

GENBANK
KC146709, KC146710, KC146711, KC146712, KC146713, KC146714, KC146715, KC146716, KC146717, KC146718, KC146719, KC146720, KC146721, KC146722, KC146723, KC146724, KC146725, KC146726, KC146727, KC146728, KC146729, KC146730, KC146731, KC146732, KC146733, KC146734, KC146735, KC146736, KC146737, KC146738, KC146739, KC146740, KC146741, KC146742, KC146743, KC146744, KC146745, KC146746, KC146747, KC146748, KC146749, KC146750, KC146751, KC146752, KC146753, KC146754, KC146755, KC146756, KC146757, KC146758, KC146759, KC146760, KC146761, KC146762, KC146763, KC146764, KC146765, KC146766, KC146767, KC146768, KC146769, KC146770, KC146771, KC146772, KC146773, KC146774, KC146775, KC146776, KC146777, KC146778, KC146779, KC146780, KC146781, KC146782, KC146783, KC146784, KC146785, KC146786, KC146787, KC146788, KC146789, KC146790, KC146791, KC146792, KC146793, KC146794, KC146795, KC146796, KC146797, KC146798, KC146799, KC146800, KC146801, KC146802, KC146803, KC146804, KC146805, KC146806, KC146807, KC146808, KC146809, KC146810, KC146811, KC146812, KC146813, KC146814, KC146815, KC146816, KC146817, KC146818, KC146819, KC146820, KC146821, KC146822, KC146823, KC146824, KC146825, KC146826, KC146827, KC146828, KC146829, KC146830, KC146831, KC146832, KC146833, KC146834, KC146835, KC146836, KC146837, KC146838, KC146839