Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia. Currently, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition is the most widely used therapeutic treatment. A large number of naturally occurring compounds have been found to inhibit AChE. In this report the mechanism of AChE inhibition of two Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, 8-O-demethylmaritidine (1) and undulatine (2), and their possible penetration across the blood-brain barrier have been studied. Both compounds act via a mixed inhibition mechanism. Based on the parallel artificial permeation assay (PAMPA) for the prediction of blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, only 2 should be able to cross the BBB by passive permeation.

§Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Studentská 95 532 10 Pardubice Czech Republic

†ADINACO Research Group Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Faculty of Pharmacy Charles University Heyrovského 1203 500 05 Hradec Králové Czech Republic

‡Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Avenida Ramiro de Maeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain

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