We studied the development of antimony-resistant Leishmania infantum in natural vectors Lutzomyia longipalpis and Phlebotomus perniciosus to ascertain the risk of parasite transmission by sand flies. All three resistant strains produced fully mature late-stage infections in sand flies; moreover, the resistant phenotype was maintained after the passage through the vector. These results highlight the risk of circulation of resistant Leishmania strains and question the use of human drugs for treatment of dogs as Leishmania reservoirs.

Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du CHUL Québec Québec Canada

Department of Parasitology Faculty of Science Charles University Prague Prague Czech Republic

Ecole Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire d'Alger Hassan Badi El Harrach Alger Algeria

MIVEGEC Montpellier France

Service d'Eco épidémiologie Parasitaire et Génétique des Populations Parasitologie Institut Pasteur d'Algérie Dely Ibrahim Alger Algeria

Unidade de Parasitologia Médica Lisbon Portugal

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Effect of Phlebotomus papatasi on the fitness, infectivity and antimony-resistance phenotype of antimony-resistant Leishmania major Mon-25

Impact of clinically acquired miltefosine resistance by Leishmania infantum on mouse and sand fly infection