Metabolic evaluation and recurrence prevention for urinary stone patients: EAU guidelines
Language English Country Switzerland Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Meta-Analysis
PubMed
25454613
DOI
10.1016/j.eururo.2014.10.029
PII: S0302-2838(14)01102-6
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- European Association of Urology, Guidelines, Lithiasis, Medical treatment, Metabolic evaluation, Recurrence and conservative treatment, Stone, Urinary,
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Calcium Phosphates urine MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Urinary Calculi etiology metabolism prevention & control therapy urine MeSH
- Drinking MeSH
- Recurrence MeSH
- Acidosis, Renal Tubular complications MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Calcium Compounds metabolism urine MeSH
- Calcium Oxalate urine MeSH
- Calcium urine MeSH
- Life Style MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Meta-Analysis MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Calcium Phosphates MeSH
- Calcium Compounds MeSH
- Calcium Oxalate MeSH
- Calcium MeSH
CONTEXT: An optimum metabolic evaluation strategy for urinary stone patients has not been clearly defined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the optimum strategy for metabolic stone evaluation and management to prevent recurrent urinary stones. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Several databases were searched to identify studies on the metabolic evaluation and prevention of stone recurrence in urolithiasis patients. Special interest was given to the level of evidence in the existing literature. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Reliable stone analysis and basic metabolic evaluation are highly recommended in all patients after stone passage (grade A). Every patient should be assigned to a low- or high-risk group for stone formation. It is highly recommended that low-risk stone formers follow general fluid and nutritional intake guidelines, as well as lifestyle-related preventative measures to reduce stone recurrences (grade A). High-risk stone formers should undergo specific metabolic evaluation with 24-h urine collection (grade A). More specifically, there is strong evidence to recommend pharmacological treatment of calcium oxalate stones in patients with specific abnormalities in urine composition (grades A and B). Treatment of calcium phosphate stones using thiazides is only highly recommended when hypercalciuria is present (grade A). In the presence of renal tubular acidosis (RTA), potassium citrate and/or thiazide are highly recommended based on the relative urinary risk factor (grade A or B). Recommendations for therapeutic measures for the remaining stone types are based on low evidence (grade C or B following panel consensus). Diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms are presented for all stone types based on the best level of existing evidence. CONCLUSION: Metabolic stone evaluation is highly recommended to prevent stone recurrences. PATIENT SUMMARY: In this report, we looked at how patients with urolithiasis should be evaluated and treated in order to prevent new stone formation. Stone type determination and specific blood and urine analysis are needed to guide patient treatment.
2nd Department of Urology Sismanoglio Hospital Athens Medical School Athens Greece
Department of Urology Dr Lutfi Kırdar Research and Teaching Hospital Istanbul Turkey
Department of Urology Medical University Vienna Austria
Department of Urology Rudolfstiftung Hospital Vienna Austria
Department of Urology Technical University Munich Munich Germany
References provided by Crossref.org
Follow-up of urolithiasis patients after treatment: an algorithm from the EAU Urolithiasis Panel
