Coffee is one of the world's most popular beverages and has been growing steadily in commercial importance. Nowadays, coffee is the second largest traded commodity in the world, after petroleum. Hence, coffee industry is responsible for the generation of large amounts of waste, especially spent coffee grounds (SCG). Various attempts to valorize this waste stream of coffee industry were made. This article summarizes our research and publications aiming at the conversion of SCG into valuable products - polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and carotenoids. At first, oil extracted from SCG (approx. 15 wt% oil in SCG) can be efficiently (YP/S=0.82 g/g) converted into PHA employing Cupriavidus necator H16. Further, the solid residues after oil extraction can be hydrolyzed (by the combination of chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis) yielding fermentable sugars, which can be further used as a substrate for the production of PHAs employing Bacillus megaterium (YP/S=0.04 g/g) or Burkholderia cepacia (YP/S=0.24 g/g). Alternatively, SCG hydrolysate can be used as a substrate for biotechnological production of carotenoids by carotenogenic yeast Sporobolomyces roseus. Solid residues after either oil extraction or hydrolysis can be used as fuel in industrial boilers to generate heat and energy. Therefore, entire biomass of SCG can be used for sustainable production of PHAs and/or carotenoids employing bio-refinery approach.

Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Chemistry Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic

Materials Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic

Materials Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic; Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Chemistry Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic

References provided by Crossref.org

The Effect of Oil-Rich Food Waste Substrates, Used as an Alternative Carbon Source, on the Cultivation of Microalgae-A Pilot Study

Conversion of Mixed Waste Food Substrates by Carotenogenic Yeasts of Rhodotorula sp. Genus

Production of Enriched Sporidiobolus sp. Yeast Biomass Cultivated on Mixed Coffee Hydrolyzate and Fat/Oil Waste Materials

Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Using Hydrolyzates of Spruce Sawdust: Comparison of Hydrolyzates Detoxification by Application of Overliming, Active Carbon, and Lignite