Fruit fly sexual behaviour is directly influenced by chemical and non-chemical cues that play important roles in reproductive isolation. The chemical profiles of pheromones and cuticular hydrocarbons (CHs) of eight fruit fly populations of the Andean, Brazilian-1 and Brazilian-3 morphotypes of the Anastrepha fraterculus cryptic species complex originating from Colombia (four populations) and Brazil (four populations) were analysed using two-dimensional gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. The resulting chemical diversity data were studied using principal component analyses. Andean morphotypes could be discriminated from the Brazilian-1 and Brazilian-3 morphotypes by means of male-borne pheromones and/or male and female CH profiles. The Brazilian-1 and Brazilian-3 morphotypes were found to be monophyletic. The use of chemical profiles as species- and sex-specific signatures for cryptic species separations is discussed.

Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry ASCR v v i Flemingovo nám 2 CZ 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic; Institute of Chemical Technology Prague Technická 5 CZ 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic

Laboratório de Ecologia Química Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de Alagoas Av Lourival de Melo Mota s n Tabuleiro CEP 57072 970 Maceió AL Brazil

Laboratório de Ecologia Química Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de Alagoas Av Lourival de Melo Mota s n Tabuleiro CEP 57072 970 Maceió AL Brazil; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry ASCR v v i Flemingovo nám 2 CZ 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic

Laboratory of Plant Physiology Centre of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of Alagoas Maceió AL Brazil

Universidad del Tolima Barrio Santa Helena Parte Alta A A 546 CP 730006299 Ibague Colombia

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