Automation of static and dynamic non-dispersive liquid phase microextraction. Part 2: Approaches based on impregnated membranes and porous supports
Jazyk angličtina Země Nizozemsko Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, práce podpořená grantem, přehledy
PubMed
26802999
DOI
10.1016/j.aca.2015.11.046
PII: S0003-2670(15)30042-8
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- Klíčová slova
- Automation, Chromatomembrane, Dynamic liquid phase microextraction, Hollow-fibre liquid phase microextraction, Liquid phase microextraction, Miniaturisation, Static liquid phase microextraction, Supported liquid membrane microextraction,
- MeSH
- automatizace * MeSH
- membrány umělé * MeSH
- mikroextrakce kapalné fáze metody MeSH
- poréznost MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- membrány umělé * MeSH
A critical overview on automation of modern liquid phase microextraction (LPME) approaches based on the liquid impregnation of porous sorbents and membranes is presented. It is the continuation of part 1, in which non-dispersive LPME techniques based on the use of the extraction phase (EP) in the form of drop, plug, film, or microflow have been surveyed. Compared to the approaches described in part 1, porous materials provide an improved support for the EP. Simultaneously they allow to enlarge its contact surface and to reduce the risk of loss by incident flow or by components of surrounding matrix. Solvent-impregnated membranes or hollow fibres are further ideally suited for analyte extraction with simultaneous or subsequent back-extraction. Their use can therefore improve the procedure robustness and reproducibility as well as it "opens the door" to the new operation modes and fields of application. However, additional work and time are required for membrane replacement and renewed impregnation. Automation of porous support-based and membrane-based approaches plays an important role in the achievement of better reliability, rapidness, and reproducibility compared to manual assays. Automated renewal of the extraction solvent and coupling of sample pretreatment with the detection instrumentation can be named as examples. The different LPME methodologies using impregnated membranes and porous supports for the extraction phase and the different strategies of their automation, and their analytical applications are comprehensively described and discussed in this part. Finally, an outlook on future demands and perspectives of LPME techniques from both parts as a promising area in the field of sample pretreatment is given.
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