The active microbial diversity drives ecosystem multifunctionality and is physiologically related to carbon availability in Mediterranean semi-arid soils
Language English Country England, Great Britain Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article
PubMed
27481114
DOI
10.1111/mec.13783
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- bacteria *, community ecology *, ecosystem services *, fungi *, genomics/proteomics *, organic carbon *,
- MeSH
- Biodiversity * MeSH
- Pentacyclic Triterpenes MeSH
- Soil chemistry MeSH
- Soil Microbiology * MeSH
- Carbon chemistry MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Spain MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Pentacyclic Triterpenes MeSH
- protoescigenin MeSH Browser
- Soil MeSH
- Carbon MeSH
Biogeochemical processes and ecosystemic functions are mostly driven by soil microbial communities. However, most methods focus on evaluating the total microbial community and fail to discriminate its active fraction which is linked to soil functionality. Precisely, the activity of the microbial community is strongly limited by the availability of organic carbon (C) in soils under arid and semi-arid climate. Here, we provide a complementary genomic and metaproteomic approach to investigate the relationships between the diversity of the total community, the active diversity and ecosystem functionality across a dissolved organic carbon (DOC) gradient in southeast Spain. DOC correlated with the ecosystem multifunctionality index composed by soil respiration, enzyme activities (urease, alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase) and microbial biomass (phospholipid fatty acids, PLFA). This study highlights that the active diversity (determined by metaprotoemics) but not the diversity of the whole microbial community (evaluated by amplicon gene sequencing) is related to the availability of organic C and it is also connected to the ecosystem multifunctionality index. We reveal that DOC shapes the activities of bacterial and fungal populations in Mediterranean semi-arid soils and determines the compartmentalization of functional niches. For instance, Rhizobales thrived at high-DOC sites probably fuelled by metabolism of one-C compounds. Moreover, the analysis of proteins involved in the transport and metabolism of carbohydrates revealed that Ascomycota and Basidiomycota occupied different nutritional niches. The functional mechanisms for niche specialization were not constant across the DOC gradient.
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