BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess whether short video interventions could reduce stigma among nursing students. METHODS: A multi-centre, randomised controlled trial was conducted. Participating schools were randomly selected and randomly assigned to receive: (1) an informational leaflet, (2) a short video intervention or (3) a seminar involving direct contact with a service user. The Community Attitudes towards Mental Illness (CAMI) and Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale (RIBS) were selected as primary outcome measures. SPANOVA models were built and Cohen's d calculated to assess the overall effects in each of the trial arms. RESULTS: Compared to the baseline, effect sizes immediately after the intervention were small in the flyer arm (CAMI: d = 0.25; RIBS: d = 0.07), medium in the seminar arm (CAMI: d = 0.61; RIBS: d = 0.58), and medium in the video arm (CAMI: d = 0.49 RIBS: d = 0.26; n = 237). Effect sizes at the follow-up were vanishing in the flyer arm (CAMI: d = 0.05; RIBS: d = 0.04), medium in the seminar arm (CAMI: d = 0.43; RIBS: d = 0.26; n = 254), and small in the video arm (CAMI: d = 0.22 RIBS: d = 0.21; n = 237). CONCLUSION: Seminar had the strongest and relatively stable effect on students' attitudes and intended behaviour, but the effect of short video interventions was also considerable and stable over time. Since short effective video interventions are relatively cheap, conveniently accessible and easy to disseminate globally, we recommend them for further research and development.

Department of Social Geography and Regional Development Faculty of Science Charles University Albertov 6 Prague 128 43 Czech Republic

Department of Social Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health Topolová 748 Klecany 250 67 Czech Republic

Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London 16 De Crespigny Park London SE5 8AF UK

Personal Social Services Research Unit London School of Economics and Political Science Houghton Street London WC2A 2AE UK

The 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Ruská 2411 87 100 00 Prague Czech Republic

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