BACKGROUND: Psychotherapy outcomes are typically measured in terms of symptom relief. However, this method might overlook important changes from clients' perspectives when they are asked to report on them. A more client-centred approach might bring a deeper understanding of psychotherapy outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes identified by clients within qualitative psychotherapy research. METHODS: The PsycArticles, PsycInfo, and MEDLINE Complete databases were searched for English language studies published until Nov 11, 2023. Additional studies were identified through references in the primary studies and previous meta-analyses or systematic reviews. Search terms were related to psychotherapy and counselling, clients' or patients' experiences, psychotherapy outcomes and changes, post-treatment perspectives, and types of qualitative methods. Qualitative studies on client-identified outcomes of individual psychotherapy were included. Findings related to clients' perceptions of psychotherapy outcomes were extracted (by ML and checked by TR and LT) and analysed (by all authors) using the descriptive-interpretative meta-analytic approach. All authors have personally experienced psychotherapy as clients. This study was pre-registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021277330). FINDINGS: We included 177 studies in the qualitative meta-analysis, from 24 countries, including descriptions from 2908 clients. Most of the studies were of good quality; they covered a wide range of therapeutic approaches and diagnoses. The descriptions of psychotherapy outcomes were classified into 60 meta-categories and grouped into ten clusters. These clusters related to clients' relational and social functioning; their emotional functioning; self-awareness, self-understanding, and more adaptive cognitive processing; behavioural functioning; developing their own resources; clients' attitudes towards themselves; generally embracing life; symptom and problem change; and more general wellbeing. The tenth cluster was outcomes that could not be clearly attributed to psychotherapy, which was considered outside the scope of this study. INTERPRETATION: The meta-analysis showed that clients value outcome dimensions beyond symptom reduction, such as deeper self-understanding, enhanced self-agency, and greater social engagement. By examining psychotherapy outcomes across various diagnoses and therapeutic approaches, we highlight limitations in traditional outcome measures, showing the need for more comprehensive, client-centred assessment tools and the value of incorporating qualitative methods into understanding dimensions of change. FUNDING: European Union.
- MeSH
- duševní poruchy terapie psychologie MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychoterapie * metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- dítě v ústavní péči psychologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dostupnost zdravotnických služeb MeSH
- duševní poruchy psychologie MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezioborová komunikace MeSH
- mladiství v ústavní péči psychologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- sebevražda psychologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- služby péče o duševní zdraví * organizace a řízení MeSH
- sociální problémy prevence a kontrola psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- Publikační typ
- novinové články MeSH
Mental health literacy (MHL) grows in importance as the prevalence of mental health conditions rises worldwide. There is a need for valid MHL measures especially among adolescents. The current study aims to develop and validate a Universal mental health literacy scale for adolescents (UMHL-A), a self report scale to assess MHL of children between ages 10 and 14 across all four components within Kutcher's framework for MHL. The development of the UMHL-A was initiated by a literature review and followed by item generation. Then, we tested the face and content validity of the scale via a delphi study, focus groups and cognitive interviews with the target group. Next with a convenience sample, we established the factor structure and construct validity of the scale using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Lastly, we tested the scale convergent validity with other measures. The final form of the scale was refined on a representative sample of Czech asolescents. The UMHL-A scale comprises 17 items measuring four components of MHL. The scale has substantial methodological advantages in comparison to existing measures of MHL, especially considering its brevity and comprehensive coverage of MHL. Further studies are needed to test its application and validity globally.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- duševní poruchy * psychologie MeSH
- duševní zdraví MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- psychometrie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- zdravotní gramotnost * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
This study investigated the Czech adults' mental health following the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential influence of data collection methodology on prevalence estimates. Separately, it investigated changes in help-seeking and associated barriers. Data from representative surveys on Czech adults, conducted in November 2017 (n = 3,306), in May (n = 3,021) and November 2020 (n = 3,000), and in November and December 2022 (n = 7,311), were used. Current mental disorders were assessed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and the treatment gap was established in individuals scoring positively. In help-seeking individuals, encountering barriers was investigated. In 2017 and 2022, 20.02 % and 27.22 % of individuals had at least one mental disorder, respectively. The 2022 panel sampling and online and telephone interviewing estimates (34.29 % and 26.7 %) were substantially higher than those from household sampling and personal interviewing (19.9 %). Prevalence rates based on household sampling and personal interviewing were broadly consistent in 2017 and 2022. The treatment gap was around 80 % from 2017 to 2022. More than 50 % of individuals encountered structural barriers in help-seeking in 2022. This study showed that prevalence rates were still elevated in 2022, but suggests that data collection methodology influenced the estimates. Separately, the treatment gap remained consistently very high, and encountering structural barriers in help-seeking was common.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * epidemiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- duševní poruchy * psychologie MeSH
- duševní zdraví MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To understand both, women ́s perception of emotional difficulties in perinatal period and their related coping strategies. Further, we mapped and analysed help-seeking patterns utilized by these women to overcome their emotional difficulties. This study serve as an important piece of information for women-centred innovations in perinatal mental health care in Czechia, and more broadly in the region of Central and Eastern Europe. DESIGN: A qualitative study with an exploratory and descriptive approach using thematic analysis. SETTING: Online survey consisting of open-ended questions mapping women ́s perception of emotional difficulties in perinatal period and their related coping strategies and help-seeking patterns. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred women self-reporting emotional difficulties in perinatal period, from whom 108 (54 %) stated that they had sought professional help with their emotional difficulties. FINDINGS: Two themes were identified in the analysis of women ́s perception of emotional difficulties including Experience of symptoms of mental disorders, and Mother-child relationship. Three themes were identified in the analysis of women ́s coping with these difficulties (Personal resources, External resources, and No coping strategy used). Four themes were identified in the analysis of help seeking patterns utilized by study participants (Mental health specialists, Physicians of the first line of contact, Midwifes, and Peer consultants). KEY CONCLUSIONS: Emotional difficulties of perinatal women stemmed in both, general symptoms of mental disorders and specific concerns connected to mother-child relationship. Therefore, the perinatal mental health services should cover both topics, preferably by a multidisciplinary team. Women search information about perinatal mental health, so thus, easy to reach valid resources are needed. Finally, Czech perinatal women experiencing emotional difficulties utilize various help-seeking patterns. Some of them naturalistically utilize integrated stepped care even when it is not systematically established.
Psychotické zážitky a symptómy sa môžu vyskytovať pri rôznych psychických poruchách. Výskyt a charakter psychotických zážitkov u ľudí s už identifikovanou poruchou, najmä mimo rámec jadrových psychotických porúch, je však doposiaľ málo preskúmaný. Cieľom práce je porovnať frekvenciu psychotických zážitkov, distres, ktorý sa s nimi spája, a analyzovať ich vzťah s mierou úzkosti a depresie. Výskumný súbor tvorilo 323 participantov so psychickými poruchami. Zber dát prebiehal formou online dotazníka. Psychotické zážitky boli merané škálou Prodromal Questionnaire PQ-16. Okrem toho bola vyhodnocovaná aj miera depresie a úzkosti škálami PHQ-9 a GAD-7. Najvyššiu mieru psychotických zážitkov sme zistili u respondentov, ktorí uvádzali diagnózu bipolárnej afektívnej poruchy a schizofrénie. Participanti so schizofréniou vyjadrili významne vyššiu mieru prežívaného distresu spojeného so psychotickými zážitkami v porovnaní s inými klinickými skupinami. Najnižšie hodnoty frekvencie a distresu psychotických zážitkov vykazovala skupina ľudí s úzkostnými poruchami. Podľa očakávania pacienti so schizofréniou udávali viac vizuálnych a sluchových halucinácií ako ostatné skupiny. Výsledky tak preukázali, že psychóze podobné zážitky majú transdiagnostickú povahu, no pri jednotlivých poruchách sa líšia výskytom typov, ale aj mierou distresu, ktorý spôsobujú.
Psychotic experiences and symptoms can occur in a variety of psychiatric disorders. The occurrence and nature of psychotic experiences in people with an already identified disorder, particularly outside the context of core psychotic disorders, is, however, as yet understudied. The aim of this study is to compare the frequency of psychotic experiences, and the distress associated with them, and to analyze their relationship with measures of anxiety and depression. The research population consisted of 323 participants with mental disorders. Data collection took the form of an online questionnaire. Psychotic experiences were surveyed using Prodromal Questionnaire PQ-16. In addition, measures of depression and anxiety were assessed with the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales. The highest rates of psychotic experiences were found in respondents who reported a diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia. Participants with schizophrenia expressed significantly higher rates of distress associated with psychotic experiences compared to other clinical groups. The group showing the lowest levels of frequency and distress of psychotic experiences was of people with anxiety disorders. As expected, patients with schizophrenia reported more visual and auditory hallucinations than the other groups. Thus, the results demonstrated that psychosis-like experiences are transdiagnostic in nature, but vary across disorders both in the types and in the degree of distress they cause.
- MeSH
- deprese diagnóza prevence a kontrola psychologie MeSH
- duševní poruchy diagnóza klasifikace psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- psychický distres MeSH
- psychotické poruchy * diagnóza prevence a kontrola psychologie MeSH
- úzkostné poruchy diagnóza prevence a kontrola psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- metaanalýza MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- chronická nemoc psychologie MeSH
- duševní poruchy * diagnóza komplikace psychologie MeSH
- komorbidita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- multimorbidita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- odlišnost,
- MeSH
- domy s pečovatelskou službou MeSH
- duševní poruchy etiologie psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidská práva MeSH
- matky zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- osoby s mentálním postižením zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- pěstounství zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- postižení * zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- profesionalita MeSH
- role soudu MeSH
- sociální péče o dítě zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- sociální práce * metody MeSH
- sociální pracovníci psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus * psychologie MeSH
- duševní poruchy * etiologie komplikace psychologie MeSH
- komunikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychický stres * etiologie MeSH
- vztahy mezi lékařem a pacientem etika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- souhrny MeSH
