Even though the majority of knowledge about phospholipids comes from their cytoplasmic functions, in the last decade, it has been shown that nuclear phospholipids and their building blocks, inositol phosphates, have many important roles in the cell nucleus. There are clear connections of phospholipids with the regulation of gene expression and chromatin biology, however, this review focuses on less known functions of nuclear phospholipids in connection with the epigenome regulation. In particular, we highlight the roles of nuclear phospholipids and inositol phosphates that involve histone modifications, such as acetylation or methylation, tightly connected with the cell physiology. This demonstrates the importance of nuclear phospholipids in the regulation of cellular processes, and should encourage further research of nuclear phospholipids and inositol phosphates.

Department of Biology of the Cell Nucleus Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences v v i 142 20 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Epigenetics of the Cell Nucleus Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences v v i division BIOCEV 25250 Vestec Czech Republic

Microscopy Centre Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences v v i 142 20 Prague Czech Republic

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