In this work, the key moments of the development of the so-called thin-layer cascades (TLC) for microalgae production are described. Development started at the end of the 1950s when the first generation of TLCs was set-up in former Czechoslovakia. Since, similar units for microalgae culturing, which are relatively simple, low-cost and highly productive, have been installed in a number of other countries worldwide. The TLCs are characterized by microalgae growth at a low depth (< 50 mm) and fast flow (0.4-0.5 m/s) of culture compared to mixed ponds or raceways. It guarantees a high ratio of exposed surface to total culture volume (> 100 1/m) and rapid light/dark cycling frequencies of cells which result in high biomass productivity (> 30 g/m2/day) and operating at high biomass density, > 10 g/L of dry mass (DW). In TLCs, microalgae culture is grown in the system of inclined platforms that combine the advantages of open systems-direct sun irradiance, easy heat derivation, simple cleaning and maintenance, and efficient degassing-with positive features of closed systems-operation at high biomass densities achieving high volumetric productivity. Among significant advantages of thin layer cascades compared to raceway ponds are the operation at much higher cell densities, very high daylight productivities, and the possibility to store the culture in retention tanks at night, or in unfavourable weather conditions. Concerning the limitations of TLCs, one has to consider contaminations by other microalgae that limit cultivation to robust, fast-growing strains, or those cultured in selective environments.

Centre Algatech Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology Institute of Microbiology Třeboň Czech Republic

Faculty of Agriculture University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic

Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Microb Cell Fact. 2018 Mar 5;17(1):36 PubMed

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010 Dec;37(12):1307-17 PubMed

Trends Biotechnol. 2008 Jul;26(7):349-50; author reply 351-2 PubMed

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Feb;38(2):307-17 PubMed

Biotechnol Biofuels. 2015 Dec 18;8:215 PubMed

Methods Cell Biol. 2013;116:71-82 PubMed

A Comparison of the Effects of Continuous Illumination and Day/Night Regimes on PHB Accumulation in Synechocystis Cells

Photosynthesis and biochemical characterization of the green alga Chlamydopodium fusiforme (Chlorophyta) grown in a thin-layer cascade

Characterization of an aerated submerged hollow fiber ultrafiltration device for efficient microalgae harvesting

Special issue dedicated to the memory of Ivan Šetlík