PURPOSE: Despite the fact that Okinawa Prefecture represents a very interesting subtropical region of Japan, its fauna of nematodes parasitizing fishes is still little-known. Therefore, new data are needed to recognize the species composition of these parasites in this zoogeographically remarkable region. METHODS: Helminthological examinations of some freshwater and brackish-water fishes in Okinawa Prefecture carried out in the years 2010, 2016 and 2018, revealed two new and four insufficiently known species of spirurid nematodes (Spirurida), all gastrointestinal parasites. These were studied with the use of light and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: All nematode species recorded are described: Rhabdochonidae: Rhabdochona honshuensis Moravec et Nagasawa, 1989 from Glossogobius celebius (Valenciennes) (Gobiidae, Perciformes) (new host), Rhabdochona iriomotensis sp. nov. from Ophieleotris sp. (Eleotridae, Perciformes) and Rhabdochona sp. (only females) from Eleotris acanthopoma Bleeker and E. fusca (Forster) (both Eleotridae, Perciformes); Cystidicolidae: Spinitectus mirabilis sp. nov. from Kuhlia rupestris (Lacepède) (Kuhliidae, Perciformes) and Spinitectus sp. larvae from E. acanthopoma; and Camallanidae: Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp. (fourth-stage larva) from Yongeichthys criniger (Valenciennes) (Gobiidae, Perciformes). Rhabdochona iriomotensis sp. nov. is very similar to R. honshuensis, but differs from it in the presence of well-developed ventral precloacal ridges. Spinitectus mirabilis sp. nov. differs from its congeners and all other cystidicolids in having eggs provided with both lateral swellings and polar filaments. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the discovery of two new nematode species, Rhabdochona iriomotensis sp. nov. and Spinitectus mirabilis sp. nov., the findings of all other species represent new host and geographical records. Rhabdochona denudata honshuensis Moravec et Nagasawa, 1989 is elevated to the level of an independent species R. honshuensis.

Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima University Higashi Hiroshima Hiroshima 739 8528 Japan

Institute of Parasitology Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Hasegawa H, Williams EH, Bunkley-Williams L (1991) Nematode parasites from marine fishes of Okinawa, Japan. J Helminthol Soc Wash 58:186–197

Hasegawa H, Yoshimura K (2003) Nematoda. In: Nishida M, Shikatani S, Shokita S (eds) The flora and fauna of inland waters in the Ryukyu Islands. Tokai Univ Press, Hadano, pp 160–165 (In Japanese)

Moravec F, Cutmore SC, Yong RQ-Y (2018) Redescription of Philometra pellucida (Jägerskiöld, 1893) (Nematoda: Philometridae) parasitic in the abdominal cavity of the blackspotted puffer Arothron nigropunctatus (Bloch & Schneider) (Teleostei: Tetraodontidae) off Australia and Japan. Syst Parasitol 95:665–671. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-018-9806-0 PubMed DOI

Moravec F, Nagasawa K, Hatama T (2020) Some nematodes from eels (Anguilla spp.) in Japan, with descriptions of two new species. Syst Parasitol, in press.

Froese R, Pauly D (eds.) (2020) FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. https://www.fishbase.org . Accessed 15 June 2020

Nakabo T (ed) (2013) Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, 3rd edn. Tokai Univ Press, Hadano (In Japanese)

Moravec F (2010) Some aspects of the taxonomy, biology, possible evolution and biogeography of nematodes of the spirurine genus Rhabdochona Railliet, 1916 (Rhabdochonidae, Thelazioidea). Acta Parasitol 55:144–160. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-010-0017-3 DOI

Moravec F (2013) Parasitic nematodes of freshwater fishes of Europe. Revised second edition, Academia, Prague

Ali SM (1956) Studies on the nematode parasites of fishes and birds found in Hyderabat State. Ind J Helminthol 8:1–83

Caspeta-Mandujano JM, Aguilar-Aguilar R, Salgado-Maldonado G (2002) Rhabdochona guerreroensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabdochonidae) from the intestine of the gobiid Sicydium multipunctatum from freshwaters in Mexico. J Parasitol 88:746–749. https://doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[0746:RGNSNR]2.0.CO PubMed DOI

Chabaud AG (1970) Rhabdochona srivastavai n. sp., a parasitic nematode of a gobiid from Madagascar. H. D. Srivastava Commemorative Volume, Izatnagar, India, pp 307–310

Wang P (1976) Notes on some new nematodes of the suborder Spirurata from Fujian, China. Acta Zool Sinica 22:393–402 (In Chinese, Engl abstract)

Yamaguti S (1941) Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 33. Nematodes of fishes, II. Jap J Zool 9:343–395 (Plts IV–VI)

Hirasawa R, Urabe M (2003) Ephemera strigata (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) is the intermediate host of the nematodes Rhabdochona denudata honshuensis and Rhabdochona coronacauda in Japan. J Parasitol 89:617–620. https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-3106RN PubMed DOI

Hirasawa R, Yuma M (2003) Ephemera strigata imagoes are the likely source of a parasitic nematode infection of fish. Folia Parasitol 50:313–314. https://doi.org/10.14411/fp.2003.042 DOI

Moravec F, Nagasawa K (1989) Observations on some nematodes parasitic in Japanese freshwater fishes. Folia Parasitol 36:127–141

Mori T, Urabe M, Nagoshi M (1998) Relationship between body size of dark chub, Zacco temmincki and number of parasitic nematode Rhabdochona denudata. Biol Inland Wat 13:67–70 (In Japanese)

Moravec F (1975) Reconstruction of the nematode genus Rhabdochona Railliet, 1916 with a review of the species parasitic in fishes of Europe and Asia. Studie ČSAV No. 8. Academia, Prague

Moravec F, Sey O (1988) Nematodes of freshwater fishes from North Vietnam. Part 2. Thelazioidea, Physalopteroidea and Gnathostomatoidea. Acta Soc Zool Bohemoslov 52:176–191

González-Solís D, Soler-Jiménez LC, Aguirre-Macedo ML, McLaughlin JP, Shaw JC, James AK, Hechinger RF, Kuris AM, Lafferty KD, Vidal-Martínez VM (2019) Parasitic nematodes of marine fishes from Palmyra Atoll, East Indo-Pacific, including a new species of Spinitectus (Nematoda, Cystidicolidae). ZooKeys 892:1–26. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.892.38447(27Nov2019) PubMed DOI PMC

Moravec F, García-Magaña L, Salgado-Maldonado G (2002) Spinitectus tabascoensis sp. nov. (Nematoda, Cystidicolidae) from Ictalurus furcatus (Pisces) in southeastern Mexico. Acta Parasitol 47:224–227

Moravec F, Yooyen T (2011) Observations on two nematode species parasitizing freshwater fishes in Thailand, including Spinitectus thaiensis sp. nov. (Cystidicolidae) from Pseudomystus siamensis (Bagridae). Acta Parasitol 56:58–66. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-011-0014-1 DOI

Skryabin KI, Sobolev AA, Ivashkin VM (1967) Spirurata of animals and man and the diseases caused by them. Part 4. Thelazioidea. Osnovy nematodologii 16. Nauka, Moscow (in Russian)

Yamaguti S (1961) The nematodes of vertebrates. Part I, II Systema helminthum III. Interscience Publishers, New York, and London

Moravec F (1998) Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the Neotropical Region. Academia, Prague

Petter AJ (1984) Nématodes de poissons du Paraguay II. Habronematoidea (Spirurida). description de 4 espèces nouvelles de la famille des Cystidicolidae. Rev Suisse Zool 91:935–952 DOI

Petter AJ (1987) Nématodes de poissons de l’Equateur. Rev Suisse Zool 94:61–76 DOI

Travassos L, Artigas P, Pereira C (1928) Fauna helminthologica dos peixes do agua doce do Brasil. Arch Inst Biol 1:5–68 (14 Plts)

Arai HP, Smith JW (2016) Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda. Zootaxa 4185:1–274. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1 DOI

Moravec F, Nagasawa K (1999) Morphology and taxonomy of Salvelinema species (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae), swimbladder parasites of Pacific area salmonids. Folia Parasitol 46:123–131

Holloway HL, Klewer HL (1969) Rhabdochona beatriceinsleyae n. sp. (Nematoda: Spiruridea: Rhabdochonidae), from the Antarctic zoarcid, Rhigophila dearborni. Trans Am Micr Soc 88:460–471 DOI

Moravec F, Hanzelová V, Gerdeaux D (2007) New data on the morphology of Comephoronema oschmarini (Nematoda, Cystidicolidae), a little-known gastrointestinal parasite of Lota lota (Teleostei) in Palaearctic Eurasia. Acta Parasitol 52:135–141. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-007-0018-2 DOI

Moravec F, Klimpel S (2007) A new species of Comephoronema (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from the stomach of the abyssal halosaur Halosauropsis macrochir (Teleostei) from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. J Parasitol 93:901–906. https://doi.org/10.1645/ge-1065r.1 PubMed DOI

Pereira FB, Pereira AN, Luque JL (2014) A new species of Comephoronema (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from the squirrelfish Holocentrus adscensionis (Beryciformes: Holocentridae) off Brazil. Folia Parasitol 61:55–62. https://doi.org/10.14411/fp.2014.001 DOI

Sokolov SG, Voropaeva EL, Malysheva SV (2019) Redescription and molecular characterisation of Comephoronema werestschagini Layman, 1933 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from the endemic Baikal fish Cottocomephorus grewingkii (Dybowski, 1874) (Scorpaeniformes: Cottocomephoridae) with some comments on cystidicolid phylogeny. Russian J Nematol 27:57–66. https://doi.org/10.24411/0869-6918-2019-10007 DOI

Boomker J, Puylaert FA (1994) Eight new Afrotropical Spinitectus spp. (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from freshwater fishes with a key to the members of the genus in the region. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 61:127–142 PubMed

Petter AJ, Golvan YJ, Tcheprakoff R (1977) Nématodes de poisons de rivière en Guadeloupe. Bull Mus Nat Hist Nat Zool 298:159–171

Moravec F (1979) Redescription of the nematode Spinitectus inermis parasitic in eels, Anguilla anguilla, of Europe. Acta Soc Zool Bohemoslov 43:35–42

Saraiva AM, Moravec F, Pereira A, Cruz C (2002) Development of Spinitectus inermis (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae), a parasite of eel, Anguilla anguilla, in Europe. Folia Parasitol 49:118–126. https://doi.org/10.14411/fp.2002.022 DOI

Moravec F (2007) Some aspects of the taxonomy and biology of adult spirurine nematodes parasitic in fishes: a review. Folia Parasitol 54:239–257. https://doi.org/10.14411/fp.2007.003 DOI

Moravec F, Justine JL (2019) New species and new records of camallanid nematodes (Nematoda, Camallanidae) from marine fishes and sea snakes in New Caledonia. Parasite 26:66. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2019068 PubMed DOI PMC

New data on the morphology of Ascarophis parupenei (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae), an intestinal parasite of the marine fish Parupeneus indicus in the Indian Ocean, revealed by SEM

Three new species of Ascarophis van Beneden, 1871 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vent fishes of the Pacific Ocean

Redescriptions of Spinitectus acipenseri and S. micracanthus (Nematoda, Cystidicolidae), with notes on the taxonomy of Spinitectus-like nematodes parasitising North American fishes