Obesity-induced alterations in the gut microbiome in female mice fed a high-fat diet are antagonized by dietary supplementation with a novel, wax ester-rich, marine oil
Language English Country United States Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
33049454
DOI
10.1016/j.nutres.2020.09.002
PII: S0271-5317(20)30525-X
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- C57Bl/6J female mice, Calanus oil, High-fat diet, Intestinal bacteria composition, Omega-3 fatty acids,
- MeSH
- Bacteria classification genetics growth & development MeSH
- Diet, High-Fat * MeSH
- Dietary Fats, Unsaturated administration & dosage MeSH
- Exenatide pharmacology MeSH
- Feces microbiology MeSH
- Weight Gain MeSH
- Colon microbiology MeSH
- Anti-Obesity Agents pharmacology MeSH
- Metagenome MeSH
- Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Obesity microbiology physiopathology therapy MeSH
- Oils administration & dosage MeSH
- Dietary Supplements * MeSH
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome * MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Mice MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Dietary Fats, Unsaturated MeSH
- Exenatide MeSH
- Anti-Obesity Agents MeSH
- Oils MeSH
Dietary supplementation with calanus oil, a novel wax ester-rich marine oil, has been shown to reduce adiposity in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Current evidence suggests that obesity and its comorbidities are intrinsically linked with unfavorable changes in the intestinal microbiome. Thus, in line with its antiobesity effect, we hypothesized that dietary supplementation with calanus oil should counteract the obesity-related deleterious changes in the gut microbiota. Seven-week-old female C57bl/6J mice received an HFD for 12 weeks to induce obesity followed by 8-week supplementation with 2% calanus oil. For comparative reasons, another group of mice was treated with exenatide, an antiobesogenic glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Mice fed normal chow diet or nonsupplemented HFD for 20 weeks served as lean and obese controls, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on fecal samples from the colon. HFD increased the abundance of the Lactococcus and Leuconostoc genera relative to normal chow diet, whereas abundances of Allobaculum and Oscillospira were decreased. Supplementation with calanus oil led to an apparent overrepresentation of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus and underrepresentation of Bilophila. Exenatide prevented the HFD-induced increase in Lactococcus and caused a decrease in the abundance of Streptococcus compared to the HFD group. Thus, HFD altered the gut microbiota composition in an unhealthy direction by increasing the abundance of proinflammatory genera while reducing those considered health-promoting. These obesity-induced changes were antagonized by both calanus oil and exenatide.
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