This paper presents a 0.5 V fifth-order Butterworth low-pass filter based on multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA). The filter is designed for electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition systems and operates in the subthreshold region with nano-watt power consumption. The used multiple-input technique simplifies the overall structure of the OTA and reduces the number of active elements needed to realize the filter. The filter was designed and simulated in the Cadence environment using a 0.18 µm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process from Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC). Simulation results show that the filter has a bandwidth of 250 Hz, a power consumption of 34.65 nW, a dynamic range of 63.24 dB, attaining a figure-of-merit of 0.0191 pJ. The corner (process, voltage, temperature: PVT) and Monte Carlo (MC) analyses are included to prove the robustness of the filter.

Department of Electrical Engineering Czestochowa University of Technology 42 201 Czestochowa Poland

Department of Microelectronics Brno University of Technology Technicka 3058 10 612 00 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Telecommunications Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok 10520 Thailand

Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague nám Sítná 3105 272 01 Kladno Czech Republic

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