Mobile self-propelled micro/nanorobots are mobile binding surface that improved the sensitivity of many biosensing system by "on-the-fly" identification and isolation of different biotargets. Proteins are powerful tools to predict infectious disease progression such as COVID-19. The main methodology used to COVID-19 detection is based on ELISA test by antibodies detection assays targeting SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein and nucleocapside protein that represent an indirect SARS-CoV-2 detection with low sentitivy and specificity. Moreover ELISA test are limited to used external shaker to obtain homogenously immobilization of antibodies and protein on sensing platform. Here, we present magnetic microrobots that collective self-assembly through immuno-sandwich assay and they can be used as mobile platform to detect on-the-fly SARS-CoV-2 virus particle by its spike protein. The collective self-assembly of magnetic microrobots through immuno-sandwich assay enhanced its analytical performance in terms of sensitivity decreasing the detection limit of SARS-CoV-2 virus by one order of magnitude with respect to the devices previously reported. This proof-of-concept of microrobotics offer new ways to the detection of viruses and proteins of medical interest in general.

Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technická 5 Prague 166 28 Czech Republic

Chemistry Department College of Science King Saud University P O Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

Department of Food Technology Center for Nanorobotics and Machine Intelligence Mendel University in Brno Zemedelska 1 Brno 61300 Czech Republic

Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University No 91 Hsueh Shih Road Taichung 40402 Taiwan

Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia Branisovska 31 Ceske Budejovice CZ 37005 Czech Republic

Institute of Parasitology Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences Branisovska 31 Ceske Budejovice CZ 37005 Czech Republic

Veterinary Research Institute Hudcova 70 Brno CZ 62100 Czech Republic

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