On 8 December 2022 the organizing committee of the European Network for Breast Development and Cancer labs (ENBDC) held its fifth annual Think Tank meeting in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Here, we embraced the opportunity to look back to identify the most prominent breakthroughs of the past ten years and to reflect on the main challenges that lie ahead for our field in the years to come. The outcomes of these discussions are presented in this position paper, in the hope that it will serve as a summary of the current state of affairs in mammary gland biology and breast cancer research for early career researchers and other newcomers in the field, and as inspiration for scientists and clinicians to move the field forward.

Cancer Heterogeneity Lab CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Technological Park Bizkaia 48160 Derio Spain

Cell Biology and Biophysics Department EMBL Heidelberg Germany

Department of Cancer Genetics Institute for Cancer Research Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway

Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

Developmental Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam the Netherlands

Division of Molecular Pathology Oncode Institute Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066CX Amsterdam The Netherlands

INSERM U1312 University of Bordeaux 33076 Bordeaux France

Institut Curie Genetics and Developmental Biology Department PSL Research University CNRS UMR3215 U93475248 InsermParis France

Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science University of Helsinki P O B 56 00014 Helsinki Finland

Laboratory of Tumor Heterogeneity Metastasis and Resistance Department of Biomedicine University of Basel and University Hospital of Basel Basel Switzerland

Manchester Breast Centre Division of Cancer Sciences School of Medical Sciences University of Manchester Manchester UK

Molit Institute of Personalized Medicine Heilbronn Germany

Oncobell Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain

Transformation and Metastasis Laboratory Molecular Oncology Spanish National Cancer Research Centre Madrid Spain

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