The rapid pace of name changes of medically important fungi is creating challenges for clinical laboratories and clinicians involved in patient care. We describe two sources of name change which have different drivers, at the species versus the genus level. Some suggestions are made here to reduce the number of name changes. We urge taxonomists to provide diagnostic markers of taxonomic novelties. Given the instability of phylogenetic trees due to variable taxon sampling, we advocate to maintain genera at the largest possible size. Reporting of identified species in complexes or series should where possible comprise both the name of the overarching species and that of the molecular sibling, often cryptic species. Because the use of different names for the same species will be unavoidable for many years to come, an open access online database of the names of all medically important fungi, with proper nomenclatural designation and synonymy, is essential. We further recommend that while taxonomic discovery continues, the adaptation of new name changes by clinical laboratories and clinicians be reviewed routinely by a standing committee for validation and stability over time, with reference to an open access database, wherein reasons for changes are listed in a transparent way.

Advisory Board of International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi

Alberta Precision Laboratories Public Health Laboratory Calgary Alberta Canada

American Board of Pathology

Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Subcommittee of European Committee of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Asia Pacific Society for Medical Mycology

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts USA

Center for Innovative Therapeutics and Diagnostics Richmond Virginia USA

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia USA

Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio USA

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute

Clinical and Molecular Microbiology Department of Pathology St Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee USA

Clinical Microbiology at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA

Clinical Microbiology Laboratory UMMC Laboratories of Pathology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA

Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston Salem North Carolina USA

Clinical Microbiology Service Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York USA

Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas Buenos Aires Argentina

Dartmouth Health Lebanon New Hampshire USA

Department 1 of Internal Medicine University of Cologne Excellence Center for Medical Mycology Cologne Germany

Department of Basic Pathology Federal University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil

Department of Botany Charles University Prague Czechia

Department of Dermatology and Venereology Peking University 1st Hospital Beijing China

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology Canada and University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada

Department of Laboratory Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio USA

Department of Microbiology and Infection Control Statens Serum Institut Copenhagen Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark

Department of Microbiology National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance in Fungal Pathogens Medical Mycology Unit Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute University of Delhi Delhi India

Department of Mycology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes Rennes France

Department of Parasitology Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene Humboldt University Berlin Germany

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine London Health Sciences Center London Ontario Canada

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Vermont Medical Center Burlington Vermont USA

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College New York USA

Departments of Medicine and Pathology Duke University Durham North Carolina USA

Division of Infectious Diseases Medical University of Graz Graz Austria

Division of Infectious Diseases Mount Auburn Hospital Cambridge Massachusetts USA

Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development Hebei University Baoding China

European Confederation of Medical Mycology

European Hematology Association Specialized Working Group for Infections in Hematology The Hague the Netherlands

Foundation Atlas of Clinical Fungi Hilversum the Netherlands

Fungal Diagnostics Laboratory Consortium

Fungal Infection Study Group European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Basel Switzerland

General Committee for Nomenclature International Botanical Congress

Hippokration Hospital Thessaloniki Greece

Infection Biology Program Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio USA

Infectious Disease Research Program Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation University Children's Hospital Münster Germany

Infectious Diseases Society of America

Institut Pasteur Paris France

Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria

Institute of Microbiology State Key Laboratory of Mycology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

International Society for Human and Animal Mycology Working Group Nomenclature

ISHAM Working Group on Diagnostics

ISHAM Working Group Veterinary Mycology and One Health

Jilin Agricultural University Chanchung China

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA

Laboratory Diagnostic Center RWTH Aachen University Hospital Aachen Germany

Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA

Loyola University Health System Loyola University Chicago Maywood Illinois USA

Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA

Medical Mycological Society of the Americas

Medical Mycology Society of Chinese Medicine and Education Association

Microbiology Service Department of Laboratory Medicine Clinical Center National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA

Mycological Society of China

Mycology Committee of Chinese Society for Microbiology

Mycology Department Laboratoire de Santé Publique du Québec Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec Sainte Anne de Bellevue Québec Canada

Mycology Reference Laboratory Spanish National Centre for Microbiology Madrid Spain

Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA

National Mycological Herbarium Ottawa Research and Development Centre Science and Technology Branch Agriculture and Agri Food Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada

National Mycology Reference Laboratory Public Health England Bristol United Kingdom

Natural History Museum London United Kingdom

Nomenclature Committee for Fungi International Mycological Association

Onoris École Nationale Vétérinaire Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes Atlantique Nantes France

Public Health Ontario Toronto Ontario Canada

Public Health Wales Microbiology Cardiff United Kingdom

Radboudumc CWZ Centre of Expertise for Mycology Nijmegen the Netherlands

Research Center for Medical Mycology Peking University Beijing China

Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Richmond Surrey United Kingdom

The American Board of Pathology Tampa Florida USA

Translational Medical Mycology Research Unit ECMM Excellence Center for Medical Mycology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria

Unidad de Parasitología Sector Micología Hospital J M Ramos Mejía Buenos Aires Argentina

University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA

University of Cologne Faculty of Medicine Institute of Translational Research Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases Cologne Germany

University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA

University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom

University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA

University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio Texas USA

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA

University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City Utah USA

Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA

Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute Utrecht The Netherlands

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Resolving Phylogenetic Relationships Within the Trichophyton mentagrophytes Complex: A RADseq Genomic Approach Challenges Status of 'Terbinafine-Resistant' Trichophyton indotineae as Distinct Species

Nomenclature for human and animal fungal pathogens and diseases: a proposal for standardized terminology

Reply to Kidd et al., "Inconsistencies within the proposed framework for stabilizing fungal nomenclature risk further confusion"