• This record comes from PubMed

Force-velocity-power variables derived from isometric and dynamic testing: metrics reliability and the relationship with jump performance

. 2024 ; 12 () : e18371. [epub] 20241108

Language English Country United States Media electronic-ecollection

Document type Journal Article

We investigated the convergent validity and intrasession reliability of force, velocity, and power (FVP) variables and the dynamic strength index (DSI) obtained from isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) and squat jump (SJ) testing. Fifteen male combat sports athletes (27 ± 5 years, 77 ± 9 kg, 1.76 ± 0.1 m, 14 ± 6% body fat) participated in a 2-days study. The first day involved testing familiarization, while the second was dedicated to IMTP and SJ testing. Maximal isometric force (Fiso ) was obtained from IMTP, while mean force, mean velocity, jump height, and jump impulse (J) were gathered from SJ. To analyze the FVP, we calculated the linear relationship between force and velocity, which allowed us to obtain the slope of the relationship (SFV ), the theoretical velocity at zero force (V0 ), and the theoretical maximal power (Pmax ). DSI was obtained as a ratio from SJ peak force and Fiso . The convergent validity was investigated using Spearman's ρ coefficients to assess the relationships between jump height and J with Fiso , V0 , SFV , Pmax , and DSI. The intrasession reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficient of variations (CV). All variables demonstrated acceptable reliability scores. ICC ranged from moderate to excellent, and the mean CV was <10%. We found a "very large" correlation between jump J and Pmax , while jump height was not correlated with any variable. In conclusion, the IMTP and SJ combination is a practical way to determine FVP producing capacities that can be reliably measured (intrasession). The Pmax , derived from FVP, was correlated with jump performance, which might evidence the convergent validity of the method.

See more in PubMed

Bishop C, Shrier I, Jordan M. Ratio data: understanding pitfalls and knowing when to standardise. Symmetry. 2023;15(2):318. doi: 10.3390/sym15020318. DOI

Comfort P, Dos’Santos T, Beckham GK, Stone MH, Guppy SN, Haff GG. Standardization and methodological considerations for the isometric midthigh pull. Strength & Conditioning Journal. 2019;41(2):57–79. doi: 10.1519/SSC.0000000000000433. DOI

Comfort P, Thomas C, Dos’Santos T, Suchomel TJ, Jones PA, McMahon JJ. Changes in dynamic strength index in response to strength training. Sports (Basel, Switzerland) 2018;6(4):176. doi: 10.3390/sports6040176. PubMed DOI PMC

Cormie P, McGuigan M, Newton R. Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2010;42(8):1582–1598. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181d2013a. PubMed DOI

Couto D, Cunha R, Lage V, Rocha-Junior V, Santos W, Ferreira-Junior JB, Tufano J, Vieira A. Validity and intra-session reliability of a low-cost device for assessing isometric mid-thigh pull force. Human Movement. 2023;24(2):52–58. doi: 10.5114/hm.2023.115918. DOI

Cronin J, Sleivert G. Challenges in understanding the influence of maximal power training on improving athletic performance. Sports Medicine. 2005;35(3):213–234. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200535030-00003. PubMed DOI

Ferreira ARP, Macedo VOC, Boullosa D, Vieira A. Identifying consistent metrics from the force-time curve of the countermovement jump in combat fighters and physically active men. International Journal of Exercise Science. 2023;16(4):1038–1051. PubMed PMC

Fessl I, Wiesinger H-P, Kröll J. Power-force-velocity profiling as a function of used loads and task experience. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2022;17(5):694–700. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0325. PubMed DOI

García-Sánchez C, Lominchar-Ramos J, Jiménez-Ormeño E, Comfort P, Alonso-Aubin D, Soriano M. The dynamic strength index is a reliable and feasible tool to assess neuromuscular performance in male and female handball players. Sports Biomechanics. 2024;21:1–15. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2024.2351612. PubMed DOI

Hopkins WG, Marshall SW, Batterham AM, Hanin J. Progressive statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2009;41(1):3–13. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818cb278. PubMed DOI

James L, Connick M, Haff G, Kelly V, Beckman E. The countermovement jump mechanics of mixed martial arts competitors. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2020;34(4):982–987. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003508. PubMed DOI

Jaric S. Two-load method for distinguishing between muscle force, velocity, and power-producing capacities. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 2016;46(11):1585–1589. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0531-z. PubMed DOI PMC

Koo TK, Li MY. A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine. 2016;15(2):155–163. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012. PubMed DOI PMC

Lauersen JB, Andersen TE, Andersen LB. Strength training as superior, dose-dependent and safe prevention of acute and overuse sports injuries: a systematic review, qualitative analysis and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2018;52(24):1557–1563. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099078. PubMed DOI

McMahon J, Lake J, Comfort P. Identifying and reporting position-specific countermovement jump outcome and phase characteristics within rugby league. PLOS ONE. 2022;17(3):e0265999. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265999. PubMed DOI PMC

McMahon J, Lake J, Ripley N, Comfort P. Vertical jump testing in rugby league: a rationale for calculating take-off momentum. Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 2020;36(6):370–374. doi: 10.1123/jab.2020-0100. PubMed DOI

McMahon JJ, Suchomel TJ, Lake JP, Comfort P. Understanding the key phases of the countermovement jump force-time curve. Strength & Conditioning Journal. 2018;40(4):96–106. doi: 10.1519/SSC.0000000000000375. DOI

Morin J-B, Samozino P. Interpreting power-force-velocity profiles for individualized and specific training. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2016;11(2):267–272. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2015-0638. PubMed DOI

Pérez-Castilla A, Jaric S, Feriche B, Padial P, García-Ramos A. Evaluation of muscle mechanical capacities through the two-load method: optimization of the load selection. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2018;32(5):1245–1253. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001969. PubMed DOI

Pleša J, Kozinc Ž, Bishop C, Šarabon N. Association between dynamic strength index derived from isometric squat and squat jump or countermovement jump and force-velocity profile. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science. 2024;28:57–65. doi: 10.1080/1091367X.2023.2223619. DOI

Rahmani A, Viale F, Dalleau G, Lacour J-R. Force/velocity and power/velocity relationships in squat exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2001;84(3):227–232. doi: 10.1007/PL00007956. PubMed DOI

Rivière J, Morin J-B, Bowen M, Cross M, Messonnier L, Samozino P. Exploring the low force-high velocity domain of the force–velocity relationship in acyclic lower-limb extensions. Sports Medicine-Open. 2023;9:55. doi: 10.1186/s40798-023-00598-0. PubMed DOI PMC

Samozino P, Edouard P, Sangnier S, Brughelli M, Gimenez P, Morin J-B. Force-velocity profile: imbalance determination and effect on lower limb ballistic performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 2014;35(6):505–510. doi: 10.1055/s-00000028. PubMed DOI

Samozino P, Morin J-B, Hintzy F, Belli A. A simple method for measuring force, velocity and power output during squat jump. Journal of Biomechanics. 2008;41(14):2940–2945. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.07.028. PubMed DOI

Šarabon N, Kozinc Ž, Marković G. Force-velocity profile during vertical jump cannot be assessed using only bodyweight jump and isometric maximal voluntary contraction tasks. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):19127. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76262-4. PubMed DOI PMC

Secomb JL, Nimphius S, Farley ORL, Lundgren LE, Tran TT, Sheppard JM. Relationships between lower-body muscle structure and, lower-body strength, explosiveness and eccentric leg stiffness in adolescent athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine. 2015;14(4):691–697. PubMed PMC

Suchomel TJ, Nimphius S, Bellon CR, Stone MH. The importance of muscular strength: training considerations. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 2018;48(4):765–785. doi: 10.1007/s40279-018-0862-z. PubMed DOI

Suchomel TJ, Nimphius S, Stone MH. The importance of muscular strength in athletic performance. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 2016;46(10):1419–1449. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0486-0. PubMed DOI

Suchomel TJ, Sole CJ, Bellon CR, Stone MH. Dynamic strength index: relationships with common performance variables and contextualization of training recommendations. Journal of Human Kinetics. 2020;74(1):59–70. PubMed PMC

Thomas C, Jones P, Comfort P. Reliability of the dynamic strength index in college athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2015;10(5):542–545. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2014-0255. PubMed DOI

Vieira A, Ribeiro GL, Macedo V, de Araújo Rocha Junior V, Baptista RdS, Gonçalves C, Cunha R, Tufano J. Evidence of validity and reliability of Jumpo 2 and MyJump 2 for estimating vertical jump variables. PeerJ. 2023;11(4):e14558. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14558. PubMed DOI PMC

Find record

Citation metrics

Loading data ...

Archiving options

Loading data ...