Biomarkers of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine of municipal police officers: impact of inhalation on total exposure
Jazyk angličtina Země Německo Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články
Grantová podpora
CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000798
European Regional Development Fund under Grant Healthy Aging in Industrial Environment HAIE
A1_FPBT_2020_002
Specific University Research
PubMed
40199782
PubMed Central
PMC12014768
DOI
10.1007/s11356-025-36342-2
PII: 10.1007/s11356-025-36342-2
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- Klíčová slova
- Air pollution, Biomonitoring, Czech Republic, GC–MS/MS, PAHs, Personal air samplers, UHPLC − MS/MS, Urine analysis,
- MeSH
- biologické markery moč MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- inhalační expozice * analýza MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch * moč MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
- policie * MeSH
- polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky * moč MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biologické markery MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch * MeSH
- polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky * MeSH
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that adversely affect human health, mainly through their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. Monitoring the exposure to PAHs of the inhabitants of air polluted regions is important because of the impact of these pollutants on human health. The aim of this study was to assess the exposure to PAHs of municipal police officers (non-smokers) living in three localities in the Czech Republic (strategically selected according to the level of air pollution) and determine how air pollution impacts personal exposure to PAHs via inhalation. Twenty PAHs were determined in the inhaled air collected from personal air samplers. Simultaneously, the total exposure to PAHs was investigated by evaluating the concentrations of 11 monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) in urine samples. Despite the observed differences in the concentrations of PAHs in the air from the personal samplers between the three locations, no statistically significant differences were found in the concentrations of OH-PAHs in the urine samples. Outcomes of this study indicate that inhalation exposure is not the primary source of PAHs exposure for Czech municipal police officers, but that diet may also be an important contributor to total body burden. The levels of OH-PAHs found in urine of Czech municipal police officers were very similar to those found in the urine of the Czech mothers from our previous study. This study provided the data about the body burden of potentially occupationally exposed group that has not yet been studied in the Czech Republic.
Zobrazit více v PubMed
Abdel-Shafy HI, Mansour MSM (2016) A review on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: source, environmental impact, effect on human health and remediation. Egypt J Pet 25:107–123
Adetona O, Simpson CD, Li Z, Sjodin A, Calafat AM, Naeher LP (2017) Hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as biomarkers of exposure to wood smoke in wildland firefighters. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 27:78–83 PubMed PMC
Buratti M, Campo L, Fustinoni S, Cirla PE, Martinotti I, Cavallo D, Foa V (2007) Urinary hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as biomarkers of exposure in asphalt workers. J Biomark 12:221–239 PubMed
Bushnik T, Wong SL, Hollowaz AC, Thomson EM (2020) Association of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and obesity in children aged 3–18: Canadian Health Measures Survey 2009–2015. J Dev Orig Health Dis 11:623–631 PubMed
Campo L, Buratti M, Fustinoni S, Cirla P, Martinotti I, Longhi O, Cavallo D, Foa V (2006) Evaluation of exposure to PAHs in asphalt workers by environmental and biological monitoring. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1076:405–420 PubMed
Campo L, Rossella F, Pavanello S, Mielzynska D, Siwinska E, Kapka L, Bertazzi PA, Fustinoni S (2010) Urinary profiles to assess polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure in coke-oven workers. Toxicol Lett 192:72–78 PubMed
CHMI (2018) Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. Air pollution on the territory of the Czech Republic in 2017; https://www.chmi.cz/files/portal/docs/uoco/isko/grafroc/17groc/gr17cz/Obsah_CZ.html (in Czech)
Connelly L (2012) Correlations. Medsurg Nurs Off J Acad 21:171–172 PubMed
Ding J, Zhong J, Yang Y, Li B, Shen G, Su Y, Wang C, Li W, Shen H, Wang B, Wang R, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Cao H, Yhu Y, Simonich SLM, Tao S (2012) Occurrence and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in a rural Chinese home through biomass fuelled cooking. Environ Pollut 169:160–166 PubMed PMC
Duan X, Wang B, Yhao X, Shen G, Xia Y, Huang N, Jiang Q, Lu B, Xu D, Fang J, Tao S (2014) Personal inhalation exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban and rural residents in a typical northern city in China. Indoor Air 24:464–473 PubMed
EFSA (2008) Scientific panel members Scientific opinion of the panel on contaminants in the food chain on a request from the European commission on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Food. The EFSA Journal 724:1–114
Grimmer G, Dettbarn G, Naujack KW, Jacob J (1994) Relationship between inhaled PAH and urinary excretion of phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene metabolites in coke plant workers. Polycyclic Aromat Compd 5:269–277
HAIE - Healthy Aging in Industrial Environment (n.d) Výzkum Vlivu Života v Průmyslovém Prostředí a Znečištění Ovzduší na Zdraví a Stárnutí Obyvatel. Available online: https://haie.osu.cz/en/main-page/. Accessed 5 Apr 2022 (in Czech)
Honkova K, Rossnerova A, Chvojkova I, Milcova A, Margaryan H, Pastorkova A, Ambroz A, Rossner P Jr, Jirik V, Rubes J, Sram RJ, Topinka J (2022) Genome-wide DNA methylation in policemen working in cities differing by major sources of air pollution. Int J Mol Sci 23:1666 PubMed PMC
Hu Y, Bai Z, Zhang L, Wang X, Zhang X, Tan Z (2007) Health risk assessment for traffic policemen exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Tianjin. China Sci Total Environ 382:240–250 PubMed
IARC. List of Classifications. IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans. https://monographs.iarc.who.int/list-of-classifications Accessed 09 March 2021
Kamal A, Cincinelli A, Martellini T, Malik R (2016) Linking mobile source-PAHs and biological effects in traffic police officers and drivers in Rawalpindi (Pakistan). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 127:135–143 PubMed
Koch H, Aylward L, Hays S, Smolders R, Moos R, Cocker J et al (2014) Inter- and intra-individual variation in urinary biomarker concentrations over a 6-day sampling period. Part 2: Personal care product ingredients. Toxicol Lett 231:261–269 PubMed
Kuusimaki L, Peltonen K, Mutane P, Savela K (2003) Analysis of particle and vapour phase PAHs from the personal air samples of bus garage workers exposed to diesel exhaust. Ann Occup Hyg 47:389–398 PubMed
Lankova D, Urbancova K, Sram RJ, Hajslova J, Pulkrabova J (2016) A novel strategy for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon monohydroxylated metabolites in urine using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 408:2515–2525 PubMed
Li Z, Mulholland J, Romanoff L, Pittman E, Trinidad D, Lewin M et al (2010) Assessment of non-occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through personal air sampling and urinary biomonitoring. J Environ Monit 12:1110–1118 PubMed
Liu Y, Tao S, Yang Y, Dou H, Yang Y, Coveney R (2007) Inhalation exposure of traffic police officers to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the winter in Beijing, China. Sci Total Environ 383:98–105 PubMed
Louro H, Gomes B, Saber A, Iamiceli A, Göen T, Jones K et al (2022) The use of human biomonitoring to assess occupational exposure to PAHs in Europe: a comprehensive review. Toxics 10:480 PubMed PMC
Merlo F, Andreassen A, Weston A, Pan CF, Haugen A, Valerio F, Reggiardo G, Fontana V, Garte S, Puntoni R, Abbondandolo A (1998) Urinary excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene as a marker for exposure to urban air levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 7:147–155 PubMed
Nethery E, Wheeler A, Fisher M, Sjödin A, Li Z, Romanoff L et al (2012) Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as a biomarker of exposure to PAHs in air: a pilot study among pregnant women. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 22:70–81 PubMed
Nisbet ICT, Lagoy PK (1992) Toxic equivalency factors (tefs) for polycyclic aromatic-hydrocarbones (pahs). Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 16:290–300 PubMed
Oliveira M, Slezakova K, Delerue-Matos C, Pereira MC, Morais S (2017) Assessment of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in preschool children: levels and impact of preschool indoor air onexcretion of main urinary monohydroxyl metabolites. J Hazard Mater 322:357–369 PubMed
Onyemauwa F, Rappaport SM, Sobus JR, Gajdosova D, Wu R, Waidyanatha S (2009) Using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to quantify monohydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine. J Chromatogr B 877:1117–1125 PubMed
Perico A, Gottardi M, Boddi V, Bavazzano P, Lanciotti E (2010) Assessment of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in police in Florence, Italy, through personal air sampling and biological monitoring of the urinary metabolite 1-hydroxypyrene. Arch Environ Health 56:506–512 PubMed
Polachova A, Gramblicka T, Parizek O, Sram RJ, Stupak M, Hajslova J, Pulkrabova J (2020) Estimation of human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based on the dietary and outdoor atmospheric monitoring in the Czech Republic. Environ Res 182:108977 PubMed
Poursafa P, Dadvand P, Amin MM, Hajizadeh Y, Ebrahimpour K, Mansourin M, Pourzamani H, Sunyer J, Kelishadi R (2018) Association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with cardiometabolic risk factors and obesity in children. Environ Int 118:203–210 PubMed
Purcaro G, Moret S, Conte SL (2013) Overview on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Occurrence, legislation and innovative determination in foods. Talanta 105:292–305 PubMed
Ravanbakhsh M, Yousefi H, Lak E, Ansari MJ, Suksatan W, Qasim QA et al (2023) Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on respiratory diseases and the risk factors related to cancer. Polycyclic Aromat Compd 43:8371–8387
Rodrigues EG, Smith K, Maule MAL, Sjodin A, Li Z, Romanoff ML, Kelsey K, Proctor S, McClean MD (2014) Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (OH-PAH) metabolite concentrations and the effect of GST polymorphisms among US Air Force personnel exposed to jet fuel. Occup Environ Med 56:465 PubMed PMC
Rossnerova A, Pokorna M, Svecova V, Sram RJ, Topinka J, Zölzer F, Rossner P Jr (2017) Adaptation of the human population to the environment: current knowledge, clues from Czech cytogenetic and “omics” biomonitoring studies and possible mechanisms. Mutat Res 773:188–203 PubMed
Rossnerova A, Elzeinova F, Chvojkova I, Honkova K, Sima M, Milcova A, Pastorkova A, Schmuczerova J, Rossner P Jr, Topinka J, Sram RJ (2023) Effects of various environments on epigenetic settings and chromosomal damage. Environ Pollut 323:121290 PubMed
Sram RJ, Binkova B, Dostal M, Merkerova-Dostalova M, Libalova H, Milcova A, Rossner P Jr, Rossnerova A (2013) Health impact of air pollution to children. Int J Hyg Environ Health 216:533–540 PubMed
Standards - Air Quality - Environment - European Commission [WWW Document] (n.d) URL https://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/quality/standards.htm. Accessed 20 Feb 2022
Sun K, Song Y, He F, Jing M, Tang J, Liu R (2021) A review of human and animals exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: health risk and adverse effects, photo-induced toxicity and regulating effect of microplastics. Sci Total Environ 773:145403 PubMed
Toriba A, Hayakawa K (2007) Biomarkers of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds. J Health Sci 53:631–638
Urbancova K, Lankova D, Rossner P, Rossnerova A, Svecova V, Tomaniova M, Veleminsky M, Sram RJ, Hajslova J, Pulkrabova J (2017) Evaluation of 11 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in urine of Czech mothers and newborns. Sci Total Environ 577:212–219 PubMed
Urbancova K, Dvorakova D, Gramblicka T, Sram RJ, Hajslova J, Pulkrabova J (2020) Comparison of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolite concentrations in urine of mothers and their newborns. Sci Total Environ 723:138116 PubMed
WHO U (2000) Air quality guidelines for Europe. WHO Reg Publ Eur Ser 10: 1–273. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/107335/9789289013581-eng.pdf?sequence=1 PubMed
Williams RW, Watts RR, Stevens RK, Stone CL, Lewtas J (1999) Evaluation of a personal air sampler for twenty-four hour collection of fine particles and semivolatile organics. J Exposure Anal Environ Epidemiol 9:158–166 PubMed
Xia Y, Zhu P, Han Y, Lu C, Wang S, Gu A, Fu G, Zhao R, Song L, Wang X (2009) Urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in relation to idiopathic male infertility. Hum Reprod 24:1067–1074 PubMed
Yang P, Wang Y, Sun L, Chen Y, Liu C, Huang L, Lu W, Zeng Q (2017) Urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, sperm DNAdamage and spermatozoa apoptosis. J Hazard Mater 329:241–248 PubMed
Zhang Y, Ding J, Shen G, Zhong J, Wang C, Wei S, Chen C, Chen Y, Lu Y, Shen H, Li W, Huang Y, Chen H, Su S, Li N, Wang X, Liu W, Tao S (2014) Dietary and inhalation exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and urinary excretion of monohydroxy metabolites - a controlled case study in Beijing, China. Environ Pollut 184:515–522 PubMed PMC