This study investigates the techno-economic viability of synthesizing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from lignocellulosic biomass through the utilization of extremophilic microorganisms, framed within the context of Next-Generation Industrial Biotechnology (NGIB). Microbial platforms characterized by halophilic and thermophilic properties, specifically Halomonas halophila and Caldimonas thermodepolymerans, were utilized to tackle issues related to sterility demands, process efficiency, and sustainability. Scenarios incorporating rice straw and discarded softwood, which are low-cost feedstocks that do not interfere with the human food supply, were modeled as resources for PHA biosynthesis. Additionally, a comparison was conducted between traditional chloroform extraction methods and environmentally friendly hypotonic lysis for the recovery of PHA from extremophilic microbial cultures prone to this treatment. Economic indicators such as net present value, internal rate of return, and payback period, were analyzed to evaluate the economic viability of the process. Findings indicate that the incorporation of extremophilic microorganisms alongside waste valorization techniques could make PHA production economically viable, thereby decreasing dependence on fossil-derived plastics while simultaneously addressing ecological issues. This initial study highlights the necessity for subsequent scale-up investigations to authenticate the proposed methodology, which shows potential for the sustainable production of PHA.

Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Yildiz Technical University Esenler Istanbul 34220 Türkiye; Department of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Chemistry Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic

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