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Disease Reactivation After Cessation of Disease-Modifying Therapy in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Roos, Izanne
Autor Roos, Izanne ORCID From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France
Malpas, Charles
Autor Malpas, Charles From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France
Leray, Emmanuelle
Autor Leray, Emmanuelle From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France
Casey, Romain
Autor Casey, Romain ORCID From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France
Horakova, Dana
Autor Horakova, Dana From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France
Havrdova, Eva Kubala
Autor Havrdova, Eva Kubala From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France
Debouverie, Marc
Autor Debouverie, Marc From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France
Patti, Francesco
Autor Patti, Francesco From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France
De Seze, Jerome
Autor De Seze, Jerome From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France
Izquierdo, Guillermo
Autor Izquierdo, Guillermo From the CORe (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (I.R., C.M., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Rennes, University (E.L.), EHESP, REPERES EA 7449, France Univ Rennes (E.L.), CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 ([Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes]), France Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France Hospices Civils de Lyon (R.C.), Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Bron, France Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques (R.C.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292, France Eugène Devic EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis (R.C.), State-approved Foundation, Bron, France Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Nancy University Hospital (M.D.), Department of Neurology, Nancy, France Université de Lorraine (M.D.), APEMAC, Nancy, France Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Catania, Italy Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy CHU de Strasbourg (J.D.S.), Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G.I., S.E.), Sevilla, Spain CHU Pontchaillou (G.E.), CIC1414 INSERM, Rennes, France CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., M.G.), Canada Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey CISSS Chaudière-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Canada CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172, France CHU de Toulouse (J.C.), Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet, Department of Neurology, CRC-SEP, France Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris CHU de Dijon (T.M.), Department of Neurology, EA4184, France Department NEUROFARBA (M.P.A.), University of Florence, Italy CHU de Montpellier (P.L.), MS Unit, France University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.), France Division of Neurology (Raed Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (K.B.), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia The Alfred Hospital (O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Medical Faculty (M.T.), 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey CHU de Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie & CIC015 INSERM, France CRTI-Inserm U1064 (D.A.L.), Nantes, France CHU de Besançon (E.B.), Service de Neurologie 25 030 Besançon, France Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.M.), Quebec, Canada Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France UOC Neurologia (E.C.), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C.B.), Trabzon, Turkey School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle, Australia Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia CHU Clermont-Ferrand (Pierre Clavelou), Department of Neurology Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Clermont-Ferrand, France Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), UPMC Paris 06, Brain and Spine Institute, ICM, Hôpital de La Pitié Salpêtrière, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France CSSS Saint-Jérôme (Julie Prevost), Saint-Jerome, Canada Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ (Jean Pelletier), APHM, Hôpital de La Timone, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, France Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (V.S.), Iran Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y., S.J.K.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Neurology (Oliver Gerlach), Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Fondation Rotschild (Olivier Gout), Department of Neurology, Paris, France Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital (R.T.), Istanbul, Turkey Hôpital de Poissy (O.H.), Department of Neurology, France Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital, France Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (E.T.), UMR5203, INSERM 1191, Univ. Montpellier, France University of Queensland (P.A.M.), Brisbane, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases (A.S.), Istanbul, Turkey CHU de Rouen (B.B.), Department of Neurology, France Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (T.C.-T.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain CHU de Reims (S.B.), Department of Neurology, France Nemocnice Jihlava (Radek Ampapa), Czech Republic Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne, Australia APHP (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Department of Neurology, Créteil, France Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia University Hospital Reina Sofia (E.A.-M.), Cordoba, Spain CHU de La Martinique (Philippe Cabre), Department of Neurology, Fort-de-France, France Hôpital Sud Francilien (N.H.B.), Department of Neurology, Corbeil Essonnes, France Department of Neurology (A.V.W., H.B.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Central Clinical School (A.V.W., H.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Neurology (G.L., L.V.H.), University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain CHU La Milétrie (N.M.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, Department of Neurology, Poitiers, France Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.-M.), Spain Brain and Mind Centre (M.H.B.), Sydney, Australia CHU Bicêtre (C.L.), Department of Neurology, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Westmead Hospital (Steve Vucic), Sydney, Australia Department of Neurology (Y.S., R.G.), Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia Department of Neurology (T.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa (J.S.), Barcelona, Spain Groene Hart Ziekenhuis (K.G.), Gouda, Netherlands Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (A.A.-A.), Al-Khodh, Oman Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil Service de Neurologie (Sandra Vukusic), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France Centre des Neurosciences de Lyon (Sandra Vukusic), Observatoire Français de La Sclérose en Plaques, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR5292, France and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (Sandra Vukusic), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, France

Neurology. 2022 ; 99 (17) : e1926-e1944. [pub] 20220817

ISSN 1526-632X
Medvik
Zdroj

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the rate of return of disease activity after cessation of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapy. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study from 2 large observational MS registries: MSBase and OFSEP. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had ceased a disease-modifying therapy and were followed up for the subsequent 12 months were included in the analysis. The primary study outcome was annualized relapse rate in the 12 months after disease-modifying therapy discontinuation stratified by patients who did, and did not, commence a subsequent therapy. The secondary endpoint was the predictors of first relapse and disability accumulation after treatment discontinuation. RESULTS: A total of 14,213 patients, with 18,029 eligible treatment discontinuation epochs, were identified for 7 therapies. Annualized rates of relapse (ARRs) started to increase 2 months after natalizumab cessation (month 2-4 ARR 0.47, 95% CI 0.43-0.51). Commencement of a subsequent therapy within 2-4 months reduced the magnitude of disease reactivation (mean ARR difference: 0.15, 0.08-0.22). After discontinuation of fingolimod, rates of relapse increased overall (month 1-2 ARR: 0.80, 0.70-0.89) and stabilized faster in patients who started a new therapy within 1-2 months (mean ARR difference: 0.14, -0.01 to 0.29). The magnitude of disease reactivation for other therapies was low but reduced further by commencement of another treatment 1-10 months after treatment discontinuation. Predictors of relapse were a higher relapse rate in the year before cessation, female sex, younger age, and higher EDSS score. Commencement of a subsequent therapy reduced both the risk of relapse (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.72-0.81) and disability accumulation (0.73, 0.65-0.80). DISCUSSION: The rate of disease reactivation after treatment cessation differs among MS treatments, with the peaks of relapse activity ranging from 1 to 10 months in untreated cohorts that discontinued different therapies. These results suggest that untreated intervals should be minimized after stopping antitrafficking therapies (natalizumab and fingolimod). CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class III that disease reactivation occurs within months of discontinuation of MS disease-modifying therapies. The risk of disease activity is reduced by commencement of a subsequent therapy.

MeSH
fingolimod hydrochlorid terapeutické užití MeSH
imunosupresiva škodlivé účinky MeSH
lidé MeSH
natalizumab terapeutické užití MeSH
recidiva MeSH
relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza * farmakoterapie epidemiologie MeSH
retrospektivní studie MeSH
roztroušená skleróza * chemicky indukované MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
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časopisecké články MeSH
pozorovací studie MeSH
práce podpořená grantem MeSH

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