BACKGROUND: Interpersonal difficulties of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are closely related to rejection sensitivity. The aim of the present study was to gain further insight into the experience and cerebral processing of social interactions in patients with BPD by using fMRI during experimentally induced experiences of social exclusion, inclusion, and overinclusion. METHODS: The study involved 30 participants diagnosed with BPD (29 female and 1 male; age: M = 24.22, SD = 5.22) and 30 healthy controls (29 female and 1 male; age: M = 24.66, SD = 5.28) with no current or lifetime psychiatric diagnoses. In the fMRI session, all participants were asked to complete a Cyberball task that consisted of an alternating sequence of inclusion, exclusion, and overinclusion conditions. RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, participants with BPD reported higher levels of inner tension and more unpleasant emotions across all experimental conditions. At the neural level, the participants with BPD showed lower recruitment of the left hippocampus in response to social exclusion (relative to the inclusion condition) than the healthy controls did. Lower recruitment of the left hippocampus in this contrast was associated with childhood maltreatment in patients with BPD. However, this difference was no longer significant when we added the covariate of hippocampal volume to the analysis. During social overinclusion (relative to the inclusion condition), we observed no significant differences in a group comparison of neural activation. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that patients with BPD experience more discomfort than do healthy controls during social interactions. Compared to healthy participants, patients with BPD reported more inner tension and unpleasant emotions, irrespective of the extent to which others included them in social interactions. At a neural level, the participants with BPD showed a lower recruitment of the left hippocampus in response to social exclusion than the healthy controls did. The reduced activation of this neural structure could be related to a history of childhood maltreatment and smaller hippocampal volume in patients with BPD.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Tento souborný článek představuje základní komponenty dialektické behaviorální terapie (DBT) a shrnuje dosavadní výzkumné poznatky s důrazem na jejich možné využití v klinické praxi. DBT je komplexní psychoterapeutický program pro léčbu hraniční poruchy osobnosti, který zahrnuje individuální psychoterapii, skupinový trénink dovedností, možnost telefonického koučování a pravidelná supervizní setkání terapeutů. Dosavadní studie potvrzují, že DBT vede k významné redukci sebepoškozujícího a sebevražedného chování, a je proto vhodná pro rizikové pacienty s významně vyjádřenými příznaky z tohoto okruhu. U těchto pacientů vede k behaviorální stabilizaci a umožňuje navázat další psychoterapeutickou prací v následujících fázích léčby.

This literature review presents the main components of Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and summarizes current research findings with an emphasis on application in clinical practice. DBT is a complex psychotherapeutic program for patients with a borderline personality disorder that consists of a combination of individual psychotherapy, skills training group, telephone coaching, and a therapist consultation team. Previous studies confirm that DBT is associated with a significant reduction of suicidal and selfharming behavior. Evidence also suggests the impact of DBT is far more pronounced in patients with severe symptoms, in which it can help achieve behavioral stabilization and makes follow-up care possible.

• MeSH
• afektivní symptomy psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• dialektická behaviorální terapie * MeSH
• duševně nemocní psychologie   MeSH
• emoční regulace MeSH
• hraniční porucha osobnosti * psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sebepoškozování psychologie   terapie   MeSH
• sebevražda psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH