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Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione d... 1 Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz Freiburg... 1 Central Laboratory for Radiological P... 1 Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas... 1 Comenius University Department of Nuc... 1 Deutscher Wetterdienst Offenbach 6306... 1 Health Canada Radiation Protection Bu... 1 Helmholtz Zentrum München German Rese... 1 Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûr... 1 Institute of Nuclear and Radiological... 1 Jozef Stefan Institute Ljubljana 1000... 1 Leibniz Universität Hannover Institut... 1 National Radiation Protection Institu... 1 Norwegian Radiation Protection Author... 1 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory... 1 Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt... 1 Radiation Protection and Radiochemist... 1 Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authorit... 1 Radioecology and Radon Austrian Agenc... 1 The Henryk Nievodniczanski Institute ... 1
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Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione d... 1 Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz Freiburg... 1 Central Laboratory for Radiological P... 1 Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas... 1 Comenius University Department of Nuc... 1 Deutscher Wetterdienst Offenbach 6306... 1 Health Canada Radiation Protection Bu... 1 Helmholtz Zentrum München German Rese... 1 Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûr... 1 Institute of Nuclear and Radiological... 1 Jozef Stefan Institute Ljubljana 1000... 1 Leibniz Universität Hannover Institut... 1 National Radiation Protection Institu... 1 Norwegian Radiation Protection Author... 1 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory... 1 Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt... 1 Radiation Protection and Radiochemist... 1 Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authorit... 1 Radioecology and Radon Austrian Agenc... 1 The Henryk Nievodniczanski Institute ... 1
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PubMed
29979581
DOI
10.1021/acs.est.8b01810
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
Traces of particulate radioactive iodine (131I) were detected in the European atmosphere in January/February 2017. Concentrations of this nuclear fission product were very low, ranging 0.1 to 10 μBq m-3 except at one location in western Russia where they reached up to several mBq m-3. Detections have been reported continuously over an 8-week period by about 30 monitoring stations. We examine possible emission source apportionments and rank them considering their expected contribution in terms of orders of magnitude from typical routine releases: radiopharmaceutical production units > sewage sludge incinerators > nuclear power plants > spontaneous fission of uranium in soil. Inverse modeling simulations indicate that the widespread detections of 131I resulted from the combination of multiple source releases. Among them, those from radiopharmaceutical production units remain the most likely. One of them is located in Western Russia and its estimated source term complies with authorized limits. Other existing sources related to 131I use (medical purposes or sewage sludge incineration) can explain detections on a rather local scale. As an enhancing factor, the prevailing wintertime meteorological situations marked by strong temperature inversions led to poor dispersion conditions that resulted in higher concentrations exceeding usual detection limits in use within the informal Ring of Five (Ro5) monitoring network.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory štítné žlázy * MeSH
- radioaktivní látky znečišťující vzduch * MeSH
- radioizotopy jodu MeSH
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- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
- Rusko MeSH
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