Společnost ; sv. 6
Druhé, doplněné vydání 341 stran : ilustrace ; 24 cm
Publikace se zaměřuje na antisociální osobnosti v pracovním prostředí a na to, jak se jim bránit. Určeno široké veřejnosti.
Společnost ; sv. 42
Vydání první 210 stran ; 23 cm
Publikace se zaměřuje na terapii psychických problémů a problémových mezilidských vztahů pomocí upravení časové perspektivy a pozitivního či negativního náhledu. Určeno široké veřejnosti.
- MeSH
- emoce MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy MeSH
- optimismus MeSH
- pesimismus MeSH
- psychické trauma MeSH
- psychický stres MeSH
- sebepojetí MeSH
- vnímání času * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- populární práce MeSH
- Konspekt
- Fyzioterapie. Psychoterapie. Alternativní lékařství
- NLK Obory
- psychoterapie
The cultivar-dependent differences in Brassica napus L. seed yield are significantly affected by drought stress. Here, the response of leaf proteome to long-term drought (28days) was studied in cultivars (cvs): Californium (C), Cadeli (D), Navajo (N), and Viking (V). Analysis of twenty-four 2-D DIGE gels revealed 134 spots quantitatively changed at least 2-fold; from these, 79 proteins were significantly identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF. According to the differences in water use, the cultivars may be assigned to two categories: water-savers or water-spenders. In the water-savers group (cvs C+D), proteins related to nitrogen assimilation, ATP and redox homeostasis were increased under stress, while in the water-spenders category (cvs N+V), carbohydrate/energy, photosynthesis, stress related and rRNA processing proteins were increased upon stress. Taking all data together, we indicated cv C as a drought-adaptable water-saver, cv D as a medium-adaptable water-saver, cv N as a drought-adaptable water-spender, and cv V as a low-adaptable drought sensitive water-spender rapeseed. Proteomic data help to evaluate the impact of drought and the extent of genotype-based adaptability and contribute to the understanding of their plasticity. These results provide new insights into the provenience-based drought acclimation/adaptation strategy of contrasting winter rapeseeds and link data at gasometric, biochemical, and proteome level. SIGNIFICANCE: Soil moisture deficit is a real problem for every crop. The data in this study demonstrates for the first time that in stem-prolongation phase cultivars respond to progressive drought in different ways and at different levels. Analysis of physiological and proteomic data showed two different water regime-related strategies: water-savers and spenders. However, not only water uptake rate itself, but also individual protein abundances, gasometric and biochemical parameters together with final biomass accumulation after stress explained genotype-based responses. Interestingly, under a mixed climate profile, both water-use patterns (savers or spenders) can be appropriate for drought adaptation. These data suggest, than complete "acclimation image" of rapeseeds in stem-prolongation phase under drought could be reached only if these characteristics are taken, explained and understood together.
- MeSH
- 2D gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- Brassica rapa chemie fyziologie MeSH
- fyziologická adaptace MeSH
- fyziologický stres MeSH
- období sucha * MeSH
- proteomika metody MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny analýza MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- voda metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Giardia lamblia, a major parasite, is an emerging model organism due to its compact genomic arrangement and composition. The most popular reverse genetic technique, RNAi, is ineffective in Giardia. In contrast, protein depletion by translation blocking morpholinos is suitable for most gene targets and provides up to 80% depletion of the target protein. The method is fast, reliable, and specific. After antisense morpholino oligomer delivery into Giardia trophozoites by electroporation, the cells can be used for many subsequent analyses 8-48 h after treatment. In this chapter, suitable gene tags, plasmids, and techniques necessary for proper morpholino targeting are described.
- MeSH
- elektroporace MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- genetické vektory genetika MeSH
- genový knockdown * MeSH
- Giardia lamblia genetika imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- klonování DNA MeSH
- morfolino aplikace a dávkování chemie genetika MeSH
- pořadí genů MeSH
- proteosyntéza genetika MeSH
- protozoální proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- rekombinantní fúzní proteiny MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- transformace genetická MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
UNLABELLED: Encystation of the common intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia involves the production, trafficking, and secretion of cyst wall material (CWM). However, the molecular mechanism responsible for the regulation of these sequential processes remains elusive. Here, we examined the role of GlRac, Giardia's sole Rho family GTPase, in the regulation of endomembrane organization and cyst wall protein (CWP) trafficking. Localization studies indicated that GlRac is associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus-like encystation-specific vesicles (ESVs). Constitutive GlRac signaling increased levels of the ER marker PDI2, induced ER swelling, reduced overall CWP1 production, and promoted the early maturation of ESVs. Quantitative analysis of cells expressing constitutively active hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged GlRac (HA-Rac(CA)) revealed fewer but larger ESVs than control cells. Consistent with the phenotype of premature maturation of ESVs in HA-Rac(CA)-expressing cells, constitutive GlRac signaling resulted in increased CWP1 secretion and, conversely, morpholino depletion of GlRac blocked CWP1 secretion. Wild-type cells unexpectedly secreted large quantities of CWP1 into the medium, and free CWP1 was used cooperatively during cyst formation. These results, in part, could account for the previously reported observation that G. lamblia encysts more efficiently at high cell densities. These studies of GlRac show that it regulates encystation at several levels, and our findings support its coordinating role as a regulator of CWP trafficking and secretion. The central role of GlRac in regulating membrane trafficking and the cytoskeleton, both of which are essential to Giardia parasitism, further suggests its potential as a novel target for drug development to treat giardiasis. IMPORTANCE: The encystation process is crucial for the transmission of giardiasis and the life cycle of many protists. Encystation for Giardia lamblia involves the assembly of a protective cyst wall via sequential production, trafficking, and secretion of cyst wall material. However, the regulatory pathways that coordinate cargo maturation and secretion remain unknown. Here, we asked whether the signaling activities of G. lamblia's single Rho family GTPase, GlRac, might have a regulatory role in the encystation process. We show that GlRac localizes to endomembranes and its signaling activities regulate the production of cyst wall protein 1 (CWP1), the maturation of encystation-specific vesicles (ESVs), and secretion of CWP1. We also show that secreted CWP1 is available for the development of cysts at the population level, a finding that in part could explain why Giardia encystation proceeds more efficiently at high cell densities.
Microtubules (MTs) are essential for many processes in plant cells. MT-associated proteins (MAPs) influence MT polymerization dynamics and enable them to perform their functions. The molecular chaperone Hsp90 has been shown to associate with MTs in animal and plant cells. However, the role of Hsp90-MT binding in plants has not yet been investigated. Here, we show that Hsp90 associates with cortical MTs in tobacco cells and decorates MTs in the phragmoplast. Further, we show that tobacco Hsp90_MT binds directly to polymerized MTs in vitro. The inhibition of Hsp90 by geldanamycin (GDA) severely impairs MT re-assembly after cold-induced de-polymerization. Our results indicate that the plant Hsp90 interaction with MTs plays a key role in cellular events, where MT re-organization is needed.
- MeSH
- benzochinony farmakologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- makrocyklické laktamy farmakologie MeSH
- mikrotubuly účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- polymerizace účinky léků MeSH
- proteiny tepelného šoku HSP90 chemie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- rekombinantní proteiny izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- repetitivní sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- rýže (rod) účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
- tabák cytologie účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- transport proteinů účinky léků MeSH
- tubulin metabolismus MeSH
- vazba proteinů účinky léků MeSH
- zelené fluorescenční proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
