Besides being responsible for olfaction and air intake, the nose contains abundant vasculature and autonomic nervous system innervations, and it is a cerebrospinal fluid clearance site. Therefore, the nose is an attractive target for functional MRI (fMRI). Yet, nose fMRI has not been possible so far due to signal losses originating from nasal air-tissue interfaces. Here, we demonstrated feasibility of nose fMRI by using novel ultrashort/zero echo time (TE) MRI. Results obtained in the resting-state from 13 healthy participants at 7T and in 5 awake mice at 9.4T revealed a highly reproducible resting-state nose functional network that likely reflects autonomic nervous system activity. Another network observed in humans involves the nose, major brain vessels and CSF spaces, presenting a temporal dynamic that correlates with heart rate and breathing rate. These resting-state nose functional signals should help elucidate peripheral and central nervous system integrations.

• MeSH
• autonomní nervový systém fyziologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody   MeSH
• mapování mozku metody   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mozek fyziologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nos * fyziologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• odpočinek fyziologie   MeSH
• srdeční frekvence fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent type of epilepsy in adults; it often starts in infancy or early childhood. Although TLE is primarily considered to be a grey matter pathology, a growing body of evidence links this disease with white matter abnormalities. In this study, we explore the impact of TLE onset and progression in the immature brain on white matter integrity and development utilising the rat model of Li-pilocarpine-induced TLE at the 12th postnatal day (P). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Black-Gold II histology uncovered disruptions in major white matter tracks (corpus callosum, internal and external capsules, and deep cerebral white matter) spreading through the whole brain at P28. These abnormalities were mostly not present any longer at three months after TLE induction, with only limited abnormalities detectable in the external capsule and deep cerebral white matter. Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in the rotating frame of rank 4 indicated that white matter changes observed at both timepoints, P28 and P72, are consistent with decreased myelin content. The animals affected by TLE-induced white matter abnormalities exhibited increased functional connectivity between the thalamus and medial prefrontal and somatosensory cortex in adulthood. Furthermore, histological analyses of additional animal groups at P15 and P18 showed only mild changes in white matter integrity, suggesting a gradual age-dependent impact of TLE progression. Taken together, TLE progression in the immature brain distorts white matter development with a peak around postnatal day 28, followed by substantial recovery in adulthood. This developmental delay might give rise to cognitive and behavioural comorbidities typical for early-onset TLE.

• MeSH
• bílá hmota * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• epilepsie temporálního laloku * patologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myelinová pochva patologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• status epilepticus * chemicky indukované   patologie   MeSH
• zobrazování difuzních tenzorů MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH