Remodeling of nanoscopic structures is not just crucial for cell biology, but it is also at the core of bioinspired materials. While the microtubule cytoskeleton in cells undergoes fast adaptation, adaptive materials still face this remodeling challenge. Moreover, the guided reorganization of the microtubule network and the correction of its abnormalities is still a major aim. This work reports new findings for externally triggered microtubule network remodeling by nanosecond electropulses (nsEPs). At first, a wide range of nsEP parameters, applied in a low conductivity buffer, is explored to find out the minimal nsEP dosage needed to disturb microtubules in various cell types. The time course of apoptosis and microtubule recovery in the culture medium is thereafter assessed. Application of nsEPs to cells in culture media result in modulation of microtubule binding properties to end-binding (EB1) protein, quantified by newly developed image processing techniques. The microtubules in nsEP-treated cells in the culture medium have longer EB1 comets but their density is lower than that of the control. The nsEP treatment represents a strategy for microtubule remodeling-based nano-biotechnological applications, such as engineering of self-healing materials, and as a manipulation tool for the evaluation of microtubule remodeling mechanisms during various biological processes in health and disease.
- MeSH
- elektřina * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrotubuly metabolismus MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Převodní systém srdeční byl ve formě přítomné u teplokrevných obratlovců úplně popsán před 110 lety. Navzdory tomu bylo v poslední době získáno množství poznatků o jeho specifikaci a vývoji, jež mají význam pro jeho funkci při tvorbě a vedení vzruchu srdcem. Poruchy převodního systému jsou spojovány s arytmiemi, z nichž některé mají vývojový podklad. Evoluční pohled na tuto problematiku je užitečný zejména pro lepší pochopení přestavby síňokomorového kanálu.
Cardiac conduction system was described in its complete form in homeotherm vertebrates 110 years ago. Despite this fact, many new findings concerning its specification and development that have an impact on its pacemaking and conducting function appeared in the past decade. Conduction system disorders are associated with arrhythmias, and some of which have a developmental origin. Evolutionary view on this area is particularly useful for better understanding of the atrioventricular canal remodelling.
Differentiation and conduction properties of the cardiomyocytes are critically dependent on physical conditioning both in vitro and in vivo. Historically, various techniques were introduced to study dynamic events such as electrical currents and changes in ionic concentrations in live cells, multicellular preparations, or entire hearts. Here we review this technological progress demonstrating how each improvement in spatial or temporal resolution provided answers to old and provoked new questions. We further demonstrate how high-speed optical mapping of voltage and calcium can uncover pacemaking potential within the outflow tract myocardium, providing a developmental explanation of ectopic beats originating from this region in the clinical settings.
- MeSH
- akční potenciály fyziologie MeSH
- kardiomyocyty fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mapování potenciálů tělesného povrchu metody MeSH
- nervové vedení fyziologie MeSH
- převodní systém srdeční embryologie fyziologie MeSH
- vápníková signalizace fyziologie MeSH
- zobrazování pomocí barviva citlivého na potenciál metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
