Inflammatory lung diseases (ILDs) represent a global public health crisis characterized by escalating prevalence, significant morbidity, and substantial mortality. In response to the complex immunopathogenic mechanisms driving these conditions, novel pharmacological strategies targeting resolution pathways have emerged throughout the discovery of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator (SPM; resolvins, maresins, and protectins) dysregulation across the ILD spectra, positioning these endogenous molecules as promising therapeutic candidates for modulating maladaptive inflammation and promoting tissue repair. Over the past decade, this paradigm has catalyzed extensive translational research into SPM-based interventions as precision therapeutics for respiratory inflammation. In asthma, they reduce mucus hypersecretion, bronchial hyperreactivity, and airway inflammation, with prenatal SPM exposure potentially lowering offspring disease risk. In COPD, SPMs attenuate amyloid A-driven inflammation, normalizing cytokine/chemokine imbalances and oxidative stress and mitigating COVID-19-associated cytokine storm, enhancing survival. This review synthesizes SPMs' pharmacotherapeutic mechanisms in ILDs and evaluates current preclinical and clinical evidence.

• MeSH
• Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive drug therapy   metabolism   MeSH
• COVID-19 metabolism   MeSH
• Docosahexaenoic Acids therapeutic use   metabolism   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lung Diseases * drug therapy   metabolism   MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH

Publikace se zaměřuje na roli tuků a mastných kyselin v potravinách a ve výživě. Určeno odborné i široké veřejnosti.

• MeSH
• Dietary Fats MeSH
• Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MeSH
• Fatty Acids MeSH
• Nutritional Sciences MeSH
• Plant Oils MeSH
• Food Industry MeSH
• Diet, Healthy MeSH
• Publication type
• Monograph MeSH
• Popular Work MeSH

• Conspectus
• Potravinářský průmysl
• NML Fields
• zemědělství a potravinářství
• nutriční terapie, dietoterapie a výživa

• MeSH
• Sugars MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus prevention & control   MeSH
• Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Food Labeling * MeSH
• Sodium MeSH
• Fats MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Newspaper Article MeSH
• News MeSH

Hemolysis and eryptosis contribute to anemia encountered in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an omega-3 dietary fatty acid that has anticancer potential by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, but its effect on the physiology and lifespan of red blood cells (RBCs) is understudied. Human RBCs were exposed to anticancer concentrations of EPA (10-100 ?M) for 24 h at 37 °C. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and hemolysis were measured by colorimetric assays whereas annexin-V-FITC and forward scatter (FSC) were employed to identify eryptotic cells. Oxidative stress was assessed by H2DCFDA and intracellular Ca2+ was measured by Fluo4/AM. EPA significantly increased hemolysis and K+ leakage, and LDH and AST activities in the supernatants in a concentration-dependent manner. EPA also significantly increased annexin-V-FITC-positive cells and Fluo4 fluorescence and decreased FSC and AChE activity. A significant reduction in the hemolytic activity of EPA was noted in the presence extracellular isosmotic urea, 125 mM KCl, and polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG 8000), but not sucrose. In conclusion, EPA stimulates hemolysis and eryptosis through Ca2+ buildup and AChE inhibition. Urea, blocking KCl efflux, and PEG 8000 alleviate the hemolytic activity of EPA. The anticancer potential of EPA may be optimized using Ca2+ channel blockers and chelators to minimize its toxicity to off-target tissue. Keywords: EPA, Eryptosis, Hemolysis, Calcium, Anticancer.

• MeSH
• Acetylcholinesterase metabolism   MeSH
• Cholinesterase Inhibitors * pharmacology   MeSH
• Eryptosis drug effects   MeSH
• Erythrocyte Membrane * drug effects   metabolism   MeSH
• Erythrocytes drug effects   metabolism   MeSH
• Phosphatidylserines * metabolism   MeSH
• Hemolysis * drug effects   MeSH
• Eicosapentaenoic Acid * pharmacology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Calcium metabolism   MeSH
• Calcium Signaling * drug effects   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Sarkopenická obezita je charakterizovaná kombinací obezity a sarkopenie. Jedná se o jedinečný klinický stav, který se odlišuje od samotné obezity a sarkopenie. Tyto dva problémy se vzájemně výrazně potencují, a tím se maximalizuje jejich vliv na morbiditu a disabilitu. Sarkopenická obezita byla dosud identifikována pomocí různých definic a diagnostických kritérií, přičemž tato roztříštěnost měla negativní dopad na rozvoj strategií prevence a léčby sarkopenické obezity u seniorů. V roce 2022 Evropská společnost parenterální a enterální výživy (ESPEN) a Evropská společnost pro studium obezity (EASO) nově definovaly diagnostická kritéria sarkopenické obezity, která sjednocují doposud četné definice.

Sarcopenic obesity is characterized by the combination of obesity and sarcopenia, Sarcopenic obesity needs to be considered as a unique clinical condition, different from obesity or sarcopenia alone. These two problems significantly potentiate each other, thereby maximizing their impact on morbidity and disability. Until now, sarcopenic obesity has been identified using different definitions and diagnostic criteria, and this fragmentation has had a negative impact on the development of prevention and treatment strategies for sarcopenic obesity in the elderly. In 2022, the European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN) and the European Society for the Study of Obesity (EASO) redefined the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity, unifying the previously numerous definitions.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Obesity * diagnosis   complications   physiopathology   therapy   MeSH
• Mass Screening methods   MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Sarcopenia * diagnosis   complications   physiopathology   therapy   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Body Composition physiology   MeSH
• Aging physiology   MeSH
• Fats adverse effects   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Dietary Fats MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Margarine * analysis   history   MeSH
• Butter MeSH
• Food Industry MeSH
• Fats chemistry   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

První kniha v českém písemnictví, která zpracovává problematiku v celé šíři - od teoretických základů, struktury a metabolismu mastných kyselin a tuků až po jejich význam v organismu a roli v patogenezi i léčbě závažných onemocnění.; První kniha v českém písemnictví, která zpracovává problematiku v celé šíři – od teoretických základů, struktury a metabolismu mastných kyselin a tuků až po jejich význam v organismu a roli v patogenezi i léčbě závažných onemocnění.

• Keywords
• Metabolizmus, imunita,
• MeSH
• Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MeSH
• Fatty Acids MeSH
• Lipid Metabolism MeSH
• Oils MeSH
• Fats MeSH

• NML Fields
• biochemie
• fyziologie
• vnitřní lékařství

• MeSH
• Insulin-Secreting Cells physiology   MeSH
• Diabetes Mellitus * diet therapy   physiopathology   MeSH
• Insulin Resistance physiology   MeSH
• Clinical Studies as Topic MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Fatty Acids * physiology   classification   MeSH
• Fatty Acids, Omega-3 blood   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Cardiovascular Diseases * physiopathology   prevention & control   therapy   MeSH
• Clinical Studies as Topic MeSH
• Linoleic Acid pharmacology   MeSH
• Fatty Acids, Omega-6 pharmacology   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Fatty Acids * physiology   classification   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Fatty Acids, Omega-3 administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Alzheimer Disease drug therapy   physiopathology   MeSH
• Bipolar Disorder drug therapy   physiopathology   MeSH
• Central Nervous System * physiology   MeSH
• Depression drug therapy   physiopathology   MeSH
• Clinical Studies as Topic MeSH
• Arachidonic Acid physiology   MeSH
• Docosahexaenoic Acids pharmacology   physiology   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Brain embryology   growth & development   MeSH
• Fatty Acids, Unsaturated * pharmacology   physiology   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Neurodegenerative Diseases drug therapy   classification   physiopathology   MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Parkinson Disease drug therapy   physiopathology   MeSH
• Schizophrenia drug therapy   physiopathology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH