OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to measure the quantity and quality of stimulants available in caregiving environment of children with behavioural problems. THEORETICAL BASE: This study was guided by the ecological systems theory developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner, where we measured some of the factors in the home environment that influences children’s development. METHODS: The research design we used in this study was cross-sectional survey, where we measured the home environments of children using the MC-HOME Inventory, a standardized questionnaire developed by Caldwell and Bradley. OUTCOMES: We found an overall mean of 42.35 ± 6.73, from the 59 items provided in the MC- HOME Inventory. From each of the 8 subscales in the Inventory, we observed that responsivity had the highest mean of 9.3+1.63 (max. 9), followed by learning material and opportunity with a mean of 5.65 + 1.27 (max. 7), and the 3rd position, enrichment, had a mean of 5.60 + 2.04 (max. 8). SOCIAL WORK IMPLICATIONS: There is need for field social workers to engage parents on the whole process of re-educating children, especially on how to set the right emotional climate at home that promotes the development of children.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- domácí životní podmínky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poradenství pro děti * MeSH
- poruchy chování u dětí * MeSH
- problémové chování MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- speciální vzdělávání MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Herein, we describe the rapid synthesis of a focused library of trisubstituted imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines and imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines from 2,4-dichloro-3-nitropyridine using the combination of solution-phase/solid-phase chemistry as new potential anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Structure-activity relationship studies, followed by the structure optimization, provided hit compounds (17 and 28) which inhibited phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) with IC50 values comparable to rolipram and displayed different inhibitory potency against phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7). Among them, compound 17 showed a beneficial effect in all the studied animal models of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (concanavalin A-induced hepatitis, lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia, collagen-induced arthritis, and MOG35-55-induced encephalomyelitis). In addition, compound 17 showed a favorable pharmacokinetic profile after intraperitoneal administration; it was characterized by a fast absorption from the peritoneal cavity and a relatively long terminal half-life in rats. It was found to penetrate brain barrier in mice. The performed experiments sheds light on the impact of PDE7A inhibition for the efficacy of PDE4 inhibitors in these disease conditions.
- MeSH
- antiflogistika chemie farmakokinetika farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- autoimunitní nemoci farmakoterapie MeSH
- cyklické nukleotidfosfodiesterasy, typ 7 antagonisté a inhibitory MeSH
- imidazoly chemie farmakokinetika farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesteras chemie farmakokinetika farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 4 chemie farmakokinetika farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- pyridiny chemie farmakokinetika farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- zánět farmakoterapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
