Jackson, Annette*
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Two key biological features distinguish Trypanosoma evansi from the T. brucei group: independence from the tsetse fly as obligatory vector, and independence from the need for functional mitochondrial DNA (kinetoplast or kDNA). In an effort to better understand the molecular causes and consequences of these differences, we sequenced the genome of an akinetoplastic T. evansi strain from China and compared it to the T. b. brucei reference strain. The annotated T. evansi genome shows extensive similarity to the reference, with 94.9% of the predicted T. b. brucei coding sequences (CDS) having an ortholog in T. evansi, and 94.6% of the non-repetitive orthologs having a nucleotide identity of 95% or greater. Interestingly, several procyclin-associated genes (PAGs) were disrupted or not found in this T. evansi strain, suggesting a selective loss of function in the absence of the insect life-cycle stage. Surprisingly, orthologous sequences were found in T. evansi for all 978 nuclear CDS predicted to represent the mitochondrial proteome in T. brucei, although a small number of these may have lost functionality. Consistent with previous results, the F1FO-ATP synthase γ subunit was found to have an A281 deletion, which is involved in generation of a mitochondrial membrane potential in the absence of kDNA. Candidates for CDS that are absent from the reference genome were identified in supplementary de novo assemblies of T. evansi reads. Phylogenetic analyses show that the sequenced strain belongs to a dominant group of clonal T. evansi strains with worldwide distribution that also includes isolates classified as T. equiperdum. At least three other types of T. evansi or T. equiperdum have emerged independently. Overall, the elucidation of the T. evansi genome sequence reveals extensive similarity of T. brucei and supports the contention that T. evansi should be classified as a subspecies of T. brucei.
- MeSH
- analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- genom protozoální * MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
- mikrosatelitní repetice MeSH
- protozoální proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- regulace genové exprese MeSH
- Trypanosoma klasifikace genetika MeSH
- trypanosomové variantní povrchové glykoproteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Highly sensitized (HS) patients in need of kidney transplantation (KTx) typically spend a longer time waiting for compatible kidneys, are unlikely to receive an organ offer, and are at increased risk of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Desensitization using imlifidase, which is more rapid and removes total body immunoglobulin G (IgG) to a greater extent than other methods, enables transplantation to occur between HLA-incompatible (HLAi) donor-recipient pairs and allows patients to have greater access to KTx. However, when the project was launched there was limited data and clinical experience with desensitization in general and with imlifidase specifically. Hence, this Delphi methodology was used to reach a consensus from a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) of experts from 15 countries on the management of HS patients undergoing imlifidase HLAi from a deceased donor (DD) KTx. This Delphi consensus provides clinical practice guidance on the use of imlifidase in the end-to-end management of HS patients undergoing an HLAi DD KTx and supports centers in the development of guidelines for the utilization and integration of imlifidase into clinical practice.
- MeSH
- dárci tkání * MeSH
- delfská metoda * MeSH
- desenzibilizace imunologická * metody MeSH
- HLA antigeny * imunologie MeSH
- imunoglobulin G MeSH
- konsensus * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rejekce štěpu prevence a kontrola imunologie MeSH
- transplantace ledvin * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The Banff Working Group on Liver Allograft Pathology met in September 2022. Participants included hepatologists, surgeons, pathologists, immunologists, and histocompatibility specialists. Presentations and discussions focused on the evaluation of long-term allograft health, including noninvasive and tissue monitoring, immunosuppression optimization, and long-term structural changes. Potential revision of the rejection classification scheme to better accommodate and communicate late T cell-mediated rejection patterns and related structural changes, such as nodular regenerative hyperplasia, were discussed. Improved stratification of long-term maintenance immunosuppression to match the heterogeneity of patient settings will be central to improving long-term patient survival. Such personalized therapeutics are in turn contingent on a better understanding and monitoring of allograft status within a rational decision-making approach, likely to be facilitated in implementation with emerging decision-support tools. Proposed revisions to rejection classification emerging from the meeting include the incorporation of interface hepatitis and fibrosis staging. These will be opened to online testing, modified accordingly, and subject to consensus discussion leading up to the next Banff conference.
- MeSH
- alografty MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- přežívání štěpu MeSH
- rejekce štěpu * etiologie patologie MeSH
- transplantace jater * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Lymphoma risk is elevated for relatives with common non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes, suggesting shared genetic susceptibility across subtypes. To evaluate the extent of mutual heritability among NHL subtypes and discover novel loci shared among subtypes, we analyzed data from eight genome-wide association studies within the InterLymph Consortium, including 10,629 cases and 9505 controls. We utilized Association analysis based on SubSETs (ASSET) to discover loci for subsets of NHL subtypes and evaluated shared heritability across the genome using Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) and polygenic risk scores. We discovered 17 genome-wide significant loci (P < 5 × 10-8) for subsets of NHL subtypes, including a novel locus at 10q23.33 (HHEX) (P = 3.27 × 10-9). Most subset associations were driven primarily by only one subtype. Genome-wide genetic correlations between pairs of subtypes varied broadly from 0.20 to 0.86, suggesting substantial heterogeneity in the extent of shared heritability among subtypes. Polygenic risk score analyses of established loci for different lymphoid malignancies identified strong associations with some NHL subtypes (P < 5 × 10-8), but weak or null associations with others. Although our analyses suggest partially shared heritability and biological pathways, they reveal substantial heterogeneity among NHL subtypes with each having its own distinct germline genetic architecture.
- MeSH
- celogenomová asociační studie MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci * MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nehodgkinský lymfom * genetika MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- zárodečné buňky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural MeSH
... Violence in Children and Adolescents: -- A Developmental Perspective 817 -- Bessel A. van der Kolk and Annette ... ... Llanque -- CONTENTS xi -- 6.1.3 Violence in Contemporary Analytic Philosophy 989 -- Keith Burgess-Jackson ...
xii, 1288 s. : il., tab. ; 26 cm
- MeSH
- násilí MeSH
- oběti zločinu MeSH
- sociální vědy MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- Publikační typ
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Sociologie
- NLK Obory
- sociologie
- právo, zákonodárství
In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.
- MeSH
- autofagie * fyziologie MeSH
- autofagozomy MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- biotest normy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lyzozomy MeSH
- proteiny spojené s autofagií metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
- směrnice MeSH
... documents 76 -- Lindsay Prior -- 6 Internet communication as a tool for qualitative research 95 -- Annette ... ... NAME INDEX -- Hume, M. 345 Hutchby, 1.210,300n Hyman, H. 140,143 -- Inglis, K. 258 Iser, W. 89 -- Jackson ...
2nd ed. xiii, 378 s. ; 25 cm
- Konspekt
- Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce
- NLK Obory
- věda a výzkum
- NLK Publikační typ
- kolektivní monografie