• MeSH
• Hypersensitivity diagnosis   prevention & control   therapy   MeSH
• Immunity MeSH
• Publication type
• Textbook MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NML Fields
• alergologie a imunologie
• NML Publication type
• kolektivní monografie

Adverse reactions to insects occur in both human and veterinary patients. Systematic comparison may lead to improved recommendations for prevention and treatment in all species. In this position paper, we summarize the current knowledge on insect allergy induced via stings, bites, inhalation or ingestion, and compare reactions in companion animals to those in people. With few exceptions, the situation in human insect allergy is better documented than in animals. We focus on a review of recent literature and give overviews of the epidemiology and clinical signs. We discuss allergen sources and allergenic molecules to the extent described, and aspects of diagnosis, prophylaxis, management and therapy.

• MeSH
• Allergens immunology   MeSH
• Hypersensitivity diagnosis   epidemiology   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Phenotype MeSH
• Insecta immunology   MeSH
• Insect Bites and Stings immunology   MeSH
• Skin pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Disease Management MeSH
• Disease Susceptibility MeSH
• Public Health Surveillance MeSH
• Symptom Assessment MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Hypersensitivity * MeSH
• Allergy and Immunology MeSH
• Immunity MeSH
• Publication type
• Monograph MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• alergologie a imunologie

Equine insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is a seasonal IgE-mediated dermatosis caused by bites of insects of the genus Culicoides. A familial predisposition for the disease has been shown but, except for the MHC, the genes involved have not been identified so far. An immunogenomic analysis of IBH was performed in a model population of Old Kladruby horses, all living in the same environment. Clinical signs of IBH were used as phenotypic manifestation of IBH. Furthermore, total serum IgE levels were determined in the sera of these horses and used as an independent phenotypic marker for the immunogenetic analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate immunity-related genes were used for association analyses. Genotypes composed of two to five genes encoding interferon gamma -IFNG, transforming growth factor beta 1 -TGFB1, Janus kinase 2 -JAK2, thymic stromal lymphopoietin -TSLP, and involucrin -IVL were associated with IBH, indicating a role of the genes in the pathogenesis of IBH. These findings were supported by analysis of gene expression in skin biopsies of 15 affected and 15 unaffected horses. Two markers associated with IBH, IFNG and TGFB1, showed differences in mRNA expression in skin biopsies from IBH-affected and non-affected horses (p<0.05). Expression of the gene coding for the CD14 receptor molecule -CD14 was different in skin biopsies at p<0.06. When total IgE levels were treated as binary traits, genotypes of IGHE, ELA-DRA, and IL10/b were associated with this trait. When treated as a continuous trait, total IgE levels were associated with genes IGHE, FCER1A, IL4, IL4R, IL10, IL1RA, and JAK2. This first report on non-MHC genes associated with IBH in horses is thus supported by differences in expression of genes known to play a role in allergy and immunity.

• MeSH
• Allergens immunology   MeSH
• Dermatitis, Atopic genetics   immunology   veterinary   MeSH
• Ceratopogonidae immunology   MeSH
• Cytokines genetics   MeSH
• Gene Expression MeSH
• Major Histocompatibility Complex MeSH
• Immunoglobulin E blood   MeSH
• Interferon-gamma genetics   MeSH
• Janus Kinase 2 genetics   MeSH
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MeSH
• Horses MeSH
• Insect Bites and Stings genetics   immunology   veterinary   MeSH
• RNA, Messenger genetics   MeSH
• Horse Diseases genetics   immunology   MeSH
• Protein Precursors genetics   MeSH
• Salivary Proteins and Peptides immunology   MeSH
• Transforming Growth Factor beta1 genetics   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Hypersensitivity MeSH
• Autoimmunity physiology   MeSH
• Immune Tolerance MeSH
• Immunologic Tests MeSH
• Environmental Exposure MeSH

• Conspectus
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NML Fields
• alergologie a imunologie
• hygiena
• environmentální vědy
• NML Publication type
• publikace WHO