- MeSH
- arteriovenózní zkrat škodlivé účinky MeSH
- bakteriologické techniky metody MeSH
- cévní přístupy * mikrobiologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- infekce chirurgické rány diagnóza farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- infekce spojené s protézou diagnóza farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- komorbidita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Agentury pro zdravotnický výzkum MZ ČR
Nestr.
Complex structural changes in the affected tissues develop during the course of chronic bacterial infection and along with antibiotic therapy act as strong stressors exerting a severe selective pressure and resulting in adapted bacterial population tolerant to antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus is an extraordinarily successful opportunistic pathogen whose survival adaptation strategies like tolerance and alternative resistance to antibiotics (persistence, target site mutation, hypermutability) will be the main object of the Project. Therefore, a collection of early and subsequent late S. aureus isolates cultured from respiratory samples of chronically infected cystic fibrosis patients cohort will be analyzed using phenotypic, genotypic and transcriptomic methods and compared with the controls - S. aureus strains from newborn acute infections, and control reference strains (n=100). Determination of these molecular adaptation mechanisms may lead to improve understanding of the phenomena and optimization of antibiotic therapy for individual patients of Prague Cystic Fibrosis Centre.
Komplexní patologické změny při chronické bakteriální infekci spolu s antibiotickou terapií představují stres, který selektuje adaptovanou bakteriální populaci na účinek antibiotik. Staphylococcus aureus je modelovým příkladem mimořádně úspěšného patogena, jehož neobvyklými strategiemi tolerance a alternativní rezistence k antibiotikům (perzistence, mutace cílového místa pro antibiotika a hypermutabilita) při chronické infekci se bude navrhovaný projekt prioritně zabývat. V rámci projektu bude pomocí fenotypových, genotypových a transkriptomických metod analyzován soubor vybraných časných a pozdních izolátů S. aureus od kohorty pacientů s cystickou fibrózou a porovnán s kontrolními kmeny z akutní infekce novorozenců a referenčními stafylokokových kmenů (n=100). Průkaz molekulárních mechanismů adaptací povede k lepšímu pochopení tohoto fenoménu a může vést k optimalizaci léčby konkrétních pacientů Pražského centra pro cystickou fibrózu.
- MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
- bakteriologické techniky metody MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární metody MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- perzistentní infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- stafylokokové infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- tolerance léku MeSH
- transkriptom MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- infekční lékařství
- molekulární biologie, molekulární medicína
- farmacie a farmakologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR
Introduction.Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) are the most common pathogens from the genus Staphylococcus causing biofilm-associated infections. Generally, biofilm-associated infections represent a clinical challenge. Bacteria in biofilms are difficult to eradicate due to their resistance and serve as a reservoir for recurring persistent infections.Gap Statement. A variety of protocols for in vitro drug activity testing against staphylococcal biofilms have been introduced. However, there are often fundamental differences. All these differences in methodical approaches can then be reflected in the form of discrepancies between results.Aim. In this study, we aimed to develop optimal conditions for staphylococcal biofilm formation on pegs. The impact of peg surface modification was also studied.Methodology. The impact of tryptic soy broth alone or supplemented with foetal bovine serum (FBS) or human plasma (HP), together with the impact of the inoculum density of bacterial suspensions and the shaking versus the static mode of cultivation, on total biofilm biomass production in SA and SE reference strains was studied. The surface of pegs was modified with FBS, HP, or poly-l-lysine (PLL). The impact on total biofilm biomass was evaluated using the crystal violet staining method and statistical data analysis.Results. Tryptic soy broth supplemented with HP together with the shaking mode led to crucial potentiation of biofilm formation on pegs in SA strains. The SE strain did not produce biofilm biomass under the same conditions on pegs. Preconditioning of peg surfaces with FBS and HP led to a statistically significant increase in biofilm biomass formation in the SE strain.Conclusion. Optimal cultivation conditions for robust staphylococcal biofilm formation in vitro might differ among different bacterial strains and methodical approaches. The shaking mode and supplementation of cultivation medium with HP was beneficial for biofilm formation on pegs for SA (ATCC 29213) and methicillin-resistant SA (ATCC 43300). Peg conditioning with HP and PLL had no impact on biofilm formation in either of these strains. Peg coating with FBS showed an adverse effect on the biofilm formation of these strains. By contrast, there was a statistically significant increase in biofilm biomass production on pegs coated with FBS and HP for SE (ATCC 35983).
- MeSH
- bakteriologické techniky přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- biofilmy klasifikace účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- biomasa MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- kultivační média chemie farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- matrix extracelulárních polymerních látek klasifikace účinky léků MeSH
- Staphylococcus klasifikace účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
At present, the traditional methods for the screening of Clostridium butyricum are not sufficiently selective and efficient. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a targeted and efficient screening method for the detection of C. butyricum. Bioinformatics was used in this study to find C. butyricum specific genes, and species-specific primers were designed based on the conserved regions of the targeted genes, followed by optimization of the PCR conditions. Methodological evaluation was carried out, and the results were compared with the traditional screening method based on Trypticase Sulfite Neomycin (TSN) selective medium. A high-efficiency PCR screening method, targeting C. butyricum species-specific primers, was established. The method was confirmed to have high specificity and sensitivity towards C. butyricum cut-off CFU 103. Compared with the traditional method, the screening success rate of C. butyricum strains increased from 0.61 to 81.91%. The PCR screening method could quickly and accurately detect C. butyricum in samples and dramatically improve screening efficiency.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- aplikace lokální MeSH
- bakteriologické techniky metody MeSH
- balanitida * diagnóza etiologie farmakoterapie klasifikace MeSH
- balanitis xerotica obliterans diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- klotrimazol terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- triazoly aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Broad-range PCR has the potential to detect virtually any bacterial species via amplification and nucleotide sequencing of a DNA region common to all bacteria. We aimed to evaluate its usefulness and clinical relevance when applied to a wide variety of primary sterile materials. METHODS: A prospective study including 1370 samples (75 heart valves, 151 joint tissue samples, 230 joint aspirates, 848 whole blood samples and 66 culture-negative cerebrospinal fluid samples) were studied by using a commercial PCR system for detecting 16S rDNA (Molzym). The PCR results were compared with culture and were considered to provide added diagnostic value only if the PCR approach revealed new pathogens that were missed by culture. RESULTS: The added value of PCR was evident in 173 of 555 PCR-positive samples (0.126; 0.109-0.144 (proportion from all tested samples; 95% confidence interval)), most frequently in examinations of heart valves (0.56; 0.448-0.672) and joint tissue samples (0.219; 0.153-0.284). In contrast, the lowest rate of PCR with added value was noted for blood samples, regardless of the patient cohort they had been drawn from (nononcologic patients from intensive care: 0.065; 0.043-0.087, haematooncologic children: 0.048; 0.027-0.070). Moreover, PCR missed up to 7.1% of blood culture findings (0.071; 0.048-0.095) regarded as clinically relevant, which was the second highest failure rate after joint tissue samples (0.099; 0.052-0.147). CONCLUSIONS: Broad-range PCR substantially increases detection rate of pathogens, especially from heart valves and joint samples. However, a concurrent risk of false-negative PCR results justifies the need for parallel culture.
- MeSH
- bakteriální infekce diagnóza MeSH
- bakteriologické techniky metody MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární metody MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA metody MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Bifidobacteria are widely known for their probiotic potential; however, little is known regarding the ecological significance and potential probiotic effects of the phylogenetically related 'scardovial' genera (Aeriscardovia, Alloscardovia, Bombiscardovia, Galliscardovia, Neoscardovia, Parascardovia, Pseudoscardovia and Scardovia) and Gardnerella classified with bifidobacteria within the Bifidobacteriaceae family. Accurate classification and genotyping of bacteria using certain housekeeping genes is possible, whilst current phylogenomic analyses allow for extremely precise classification. Studies of applicable genetic markers may provide results comparable to those obtained from phylogenomic analyses of the family Bifidobacteriaceae. Segments of the glyS (624 nucleotides), pheS (555 nucleotides), rpsA (630 nucleotides), and rpsB (432 nucleotides) genes and their concatenated sequence were explored. The mean glyS, pheS, rpsB and rpsA gene sequence similarities calculated for Bifidobacterium taxa were 84.8, 85.2, 90.2 and 86.8%, respectively. Interestingly, the average value of the Average Nucleotide Identity among 67 type strains of the family Bifidobacteriaceae (84.70%) calculated based on values published recently was in agreement with the average pairwise similarity (84.6%) among 75 type strains of Bifidobacteriaceae family computed in this study using the concatenated sequences of four gene fragments. Similar to phylogenomic analyses, several gene sequence and phylogenetic analyses revealed that concatenated gene regions allow for classification of Bifidobacteriaceae strains into particular phylogenetic clusters and groups. Phylogeny reconstructed from the concatenated sequences assisted in defining two novel phylogenetic groups, the Bifidobacterium psychraerophilum group consisting of B. psychraerophilum, Bifidobacterium crudilactis and Bifidobacterium aquikefiri species and the Bifidobacterium bombi group consisting of B. bombi, Bifidobacterium bohemicum and Bifidobacterium commune.
Ranná infekce je jednou z nejčastějších místních komplikací hojení ran. Léčba infikované ulcerace vyžaduje multidisciplinární přístup, který splňuje požadavky na racionální antimikrobiální terapii, na střízlivou indikaci systémové antibiotické terapie a zejména na omezení lokálního používání dermatologických extern s obsahem antibiotik. Pro topickou léčbu infikovaných nehojících se ran je nutné využívat tzv. biocidy. Nedodržení těchto zásad vede k šíření rezistentních bakteriálních kmenů v populaci a znemožňuje nasazení dosud účinných antibiotik do budoucna.
Wound infection in one of the most common complication in chronic wound healing. The effective treatment of infected ulcer is based on the interdisciplinary teamwork which meets the principles of antimicrobial stewardship programme. The most important step is to reduce topical usage of remedies and products with antibiotics and to indicate systemic antibiotic treatment more prudently. It is necessary to use so called biocides for topical treatment of infected non-healing wounds. Breaking the rules leads to spreading resistant germs in patient population and makes impossible future application of antibiotics.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky normy terapeutické užití MeSH
- antibiotická rezistence MeSH
- antiinfekční látky lokální terapeutické užití MeSH
- bakteriologické techniky metody MeSH
- hojení ran účinky léků MeSH
- infekce v ráně * farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obvazy hydrokoloidní MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
