A film-forming system (FFS) represents a convenient topical dosage form for drug delivery. In this study, a non-commercial poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was chosen to formulate an FFS containing salicylic acid (SA) and methyl salicylate (MS). This unique combination is advantageous from a therapeutic point of view, as it enabled modified salicylate release. It is beneficial from a technological perspective too, because it improved thermal, rheological, and adhesive properties of the in situ film. DSC revealed complete dissolution of SA and good miscibility of MS with the polymer. MS also ensures optimal viscoelastic and adhesive properties of the film, leading to prolonged and sustained drug release. The hydrolysis of MS to active SA was very slow at skin pH 5.5, but it apparently occurred at physiological pH 7.4. The film structure is homogeneous without cracks, unlike some commercial preparations. The dissolution study of salicylates revealed different courses in their release and the influence of MS concentration in the film. The formulated PLGA-based FFS containing 5 % SA and 10 % MS is promising for sustained and prolonged local delivery of salicylates, used mainly for keratolytic and anti-inflammatory actions and pain relief.
- MeSH
- aplikace kožní MeSH
- aplikace lokální MeSH
- chemie farmaceutická metody MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- kopolymer kyseliny glykolové a mléčné * chemie MeSH
- kůže metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina mléčná * chemie MeSH
- kyselina polyglykolová * chemie MeSH
- kyselina salicylová * aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakokinetika MeSH
- léky s prodlouženým účinkem MeSH
- rozpustnost MeSH
- salicylany * aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakokinetika MeSH
- systémy cílené aplikace léků * metody MeSH
- uvolňování léčiv MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Salicylic acid (SA) is a very simple phenolic compound (a C7H6O3 compound composed of an aromatic ring, one carboxylic and a hydroxyl group) and this simplicity contrasts with its high versatility and the involvement of SA in several plant processes either in optimal conditions or in plants facing environmental cues, including heavy metal (HM) stress. Nowadays, a huge body of evidence has unveiled that SA plays a pivotal role as plant growth regulator and influences intra- and inter-plant communication attributable to its methyl ester form, methyl salicylate, which is highly volatile. Under stress, including HM stress, SA interacts with other plant hormones (e.g., auxins, abscisic acid, gibberellin) and promotes the stimulation of antioxidant compounds and enzymes thereby alerting HM-treated plants and helping in counteracting HM stress. The present literature survey reviews recent literature concerning the roles of SA in plants suffering from HM stress with the aim of providing a comprehensive picture about SA and HM, in order to orientate the direction of future research on this topic.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia metabolismus MeSH
- fyziologický stres MeSH
- kyselina salicylová chemie metabolismus MeSH
- metabolické sítě a dráhy MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- rostliny účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- těžké kovy škodlivé účinky chemie metabolismus MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
This paper evaluates and compares the properties of directly compressible tabletting materials and matrix tablets containing a combination of α-lactose monohydrate and microcrystalline cellulose in the 3:1 ratio in a physical mixture and in a coprocessed dry binder. Tested parameters include flow properties, compressibility, compactibility and the rate of drug release from tablets. Compressibility is evaluated by means of the energy profile of the compression process. Compactibility is evaluated by means of the tensile strength of the tablets. Dissolution testing is done using the rotating basket method. Dissolution profiles are evaluated by non-linear regression analysis. Total energy of compression and plasticity values were higher in tabletting materials with the coprocessed dry binder. Increasing additions of polyvinyl alcohol decreased the values of total energy of compression, plasticity, tensile strength of tablets and drug release rate. Dissolution behaviour of tablets, which contained the physical mixture or coprocessed dry binder and the same amount of polyvinyl alcohol, was comparable.
- MeSH
- celulosa chemie MeSH
- chemie farmaceutická metody MeSH
- farmaceutická technologie metody MeSH
- kyselina salicylová aplikace a dávkování chemie MeSH
- laktosa chemie MeSH
- nelineární dynamika MeSH
- pevnost v tahu MeSH
- polyvinylalkohol chemie MeSH
- pomocné látky chemie MeSH
- rozpustnost MeSH
- tablety MeSH
- uvolňování léčiv MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
The aim is to determine how well the parameters of the Weibull model of dissolution can be estimated in dependency on the chosen times to measure the empirical data. The approach is based on the theory of Fisher information. We show that in order to obtain the best estimates the data should be collected at time instants when tablets actively dissolve or at their close proximity. This is in a sharp contrast with commonly used experimental protocols when sampling times are distributed rather uniformly.
A series of anionic heavy lanthanide complexes, involving the N-salicylideneglycinato(2-) Schiff base ligand (salgly) and having the general formula K[Ln(salgly)₂(H₂O)₂]∙H₂O (1-6), where Ln stands for Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Tm, was prepared using the one-pot template synthesis. The complexes were thoroughly characterized by elemental and Thermogravimetric/Differential Thermal Analyses (TG/DTA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and photoluminescence spectroscopies, electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry, and their magnetic properties were studied by temperature-dependent dc magnetic measurements using the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The X-ray structure of the terbium(III) complex (2), representing the unique structure between the lanthanide complexes of N-salicylideneamino acids, was determined. The results of spectral and structural studies revealed the isostructural nature of the prepared complexes, in which the lanthanide ion is octacoordinated by two O,N,O-donor salgly ligands and two aqua ligands. The analysis of magnetic data confirmed that the complexes behave as paramagnets obeying the Curie law. The results of photoluminescence spectral studies of the complexes showed the different origin in their luminescent properties between the solid state and solution. An antenna effect of the Schiff base ligand was observed in a powder form of the complex only, while it acts as a fluorophore in a solution.
- MeSH
- chemické modely MeSH
- fotochemické procesy MeSH
- glycin chemie MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie s elektrosprejovou ionizací MeSH
- komplexní sloučeniny chemie MeSH
- krystalografie rentgenová MeSH
- kyselina salicylová chemie MeSH
- lanthanoidy chemie MeSH
- ligandy MeSH
- luminescentní proteiny chemie MeSH
- luminiscence MeSH
- magnetismus MeSH
- prášky, zásypy, pudry MeSH
- spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- termogravimetrie MeSH
- vodíková vazba MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Stress-induced changes in phytohormone metabolite profiles have rapid effects on plant metabolic activity and growth. The jasmonates (JAs) are a group of fatty acid-derived stress response regulators with roles in numerous developmental processes. To elucidate their dual regulatory effects, which overlap with those of other important defence-signalling plant hormones such as salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), we have developed a highly efficient single-step clean-up procedure for their enrichment from complex plant matrices that enables their sensitive quantitative analysis using hyphenated mass spectrometry technique. The rapid extraction of minute quantities of plant material (less than 20mg fresh weight, FW) into cold 10% methanol followed by one-step reversed-phase polymer-based solid phase extraction significantly reduced matrix effects and increased the recovery of labile JA analytes. This extraction and purification protocol was paired with a highly sensitive and validated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method and used to simultaneously profile sixteen stress-induced phytohormones in minute plant material samples, including endogenous JA, several of its biosynthetic precursors and derivatives, as well as SA, ABA and IAA.
- MeSH
- chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
- cyklopentany analýza chemie MeSH
- extrakce na pevné fázi MeSH
- fyziologický stres MeSH
- kyselina abscisová analýza chemie MeSH
- kyselina salicylová analýza chemie MeSH
- kyseliny indoloctové analýza MeSH
- listy rostlin chemie MeSH
- mastné kyseliny analýza chemie MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- oxylipiny analýza chemie MeSH
- regulátory růstu rostlin chemie izolace a purifikace fyziologie MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- antiinfekční látky farmakologie chemie MeSH
- benzylové sloučeniny farmakologie chemie MeSH
- Enterococcus faecalis účinky léků MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- kyselina salicylová farmakologie chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiologické techniky metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- mnohočetná léková rezistence účinky léků MeSH
- Mycobacterium fortuitum účinky léků MeSH
- Mycobacterium smegmatis účinky léků MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- thioamidy farmakologie chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- antituberkulotika farmakologie MeSH
- benzylové sloučeniny farmakologie chemie MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- kyselina salicylová farmakologie chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetná fungální léková rezistence imunologie účinky léků MeSH
- Mycobacterium avium imunologie účinky léků MeSH
- Mycobacterium kansasii imunologie účinky léků MeSH
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis imunologie účinky léků MeSH
- objevování léků metody MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- teoretické modely MeSH
- thioamidy farmakologie chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- chromatografie na tenké vrstvě metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- farmaceutická technologie metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- farmakologické a toxikologické jevy účinky záření MeSH
- hydroxybenzoáty analýza chemie MeSH
- kyselina chlorovodíková chemie MeSH
- kyselina dusitá analýza chemie MeSH
- kyselina salicylová analýza chemie MeSH
- kyselina vanilová chemie MeSH
- kyseliny sírové chemie MeSH
- nitrofenoly chemie MeSH
- spektrofotometrie metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
