INTRODUCTION: Obesity in older adults is linked to various chronic conditions and decreased quality of life. Traditional physical activity guidelines often overlook the specific postures and movements that older adults engage in daily. This study aims to explore the compositional associations between posture-specific behaviours and obesity risk in younger (M = 67.35 ± 2.03 years) and older (M = 75.73 ± 4.17 years) groups of older adults and investigate the differences in body mass index (BMI) associated with replacing time spent in lying, sitting and standing with moving or walking. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 309 older adults aged 65 and above from Czech Republic. Participants' movement behaviours, including lying, sitting, standing, moving, and walking, were measured using accelerometers. The data were analysed using compositional data analysis (CoDA) and isotemporal substitution models to assess the impact of reallocating time between different activities on self-reported (BMI). RESULTS: The younger group engaged in more overall movement (193.84 min/day vs. 172.41 min/day) and walking (92.15 min/day vs. 76.62 min/day) than the older group. Significant estimated increases in BMI were associated with reallocating 30 min from movement to lying, sitting, or standing (up to + 3.31 kg/m2), while reallocating the same amount of time from lying, sitting, or standing to movement was associated with estimated reductions in BMI (up to - 2.54 kg/m2). In the older group, reallocating time from slow walking to lying or sitting was associated with estimated increases in BMI (up to + 1.86 kg/m2), while increasing time spent slow walking at the expense of lying or sitting theoretically reduced BMI (up to - 0.95 kg/m2). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that promoting movement and walking, including both slow and fast walking, may play a role in managing obesity risk in older adults. This study highlights the potential benefits of reducing sedentary time and encouraging low-intensity physical activity tailored to the capabilities of seniors, especially those aged 70+, as a possible strategy to mitigate obesity risk. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations and explore causal relationships.
- MeSH
- akcelerometrie metody MeSH
- chůze * fyziologie MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita * epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- postura těla fyziologie MeSH
- pozice sedu * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stoj * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Background: Pelvic, spinal and hips asymmetries constitute common phenomena. Pelvic asymmetry is usually perceived from two different points of view: as a causative factor in certain motor system dysfunctions or as a symptom of existing dysfunctions. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the difference in activation asymmetry of lateral abdominal muscles (LAM) and the difference in body weight distribution on lower extremities during prolonged standing between subjects with and without pelvic asymmetry, and check if there is a correlation between the magnitude of pelvic asymmetry and activation asymmetry of lateral abdominal muscles as well as body weight distribution on lower extremities. Methods: A total of 66 subjects (34 women) participated in the study. LAM activation was measured using ultrasound technology. Body weight distribution asymmetry on lower extremities was measured during prolonged barefoot standing on the two scales equipped with digital readings. The activation asymmetry index and the weight distribution asymmetry index between the left and right sides of the body were calculated. Results: The recorded weight distribution asymmetry indexes were slightly higher in subjects with pelvic asymmetry; however, no significant inter-group differences were found. These subjects did not show any significant difference from subjects without asymmetry for activation asymmetry index recorded in all individual LAMs (obliquus externus abdominis p = .68, obliquus internus abdominis p = .34, transversus abdominis p = .55). Conclusions: No differences were found between subjects with and without pelvic asymmetry in activation asymmetry of lateral abdominal muscles and body weight distribution on lower extremities. Thus, there was no evidence gathered to prove that pelvic asymmetry constitutes an advantageous or disadvantageous phenomenon. It seems that it may play only a minor role, if any, in the energy expenditure optimisation process during prolonged standing. It is unlikely that pelvic asymmetry may lead to or stem from activation asymmetry of lateral abdominal muscles.
- Klíčová slova
- asymetrie,
- MeSH
- břišní svaly diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- muskuloskeletální systém MeSH
- pánev * abnormality diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- stoj * MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- ultrasonografie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
BACKGROUND: The Goldilocks Work Principle expresses that productive work should be designed to promote workers' health. We recently showed that it is feasible to develop and implement modifications to productive work that change physical behaviors (i.e. sitting, standing and being active) in a direction that may promote health among industrial workers. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to conduct a cluster randomised controlled trial investigating health effects of implementing the Goldilocks Work intervention among industrial workers. METHODS: Our implementation plan consists of educating work teams, organizing implementation meetings, and providing feedback to workers. Three meetings with a preselected local workplace group will be scheduled. The first meeting educates the group to use a planning tool by which work can be planned to have 'just right' physical behaviors. The second and third meetings will focus on supporting implementation of the tool in daily work. An expected 28 clusters of work teams across two participating production sites will be randomized to either intervention or control group. Data collection will consist of 1) questionnaires regarding work and musculoskeletal health, 2) wearable sensor measurements of the physical behavior, and 3) assessment of general health indicators, including BMI, blood pressure, and fat percentage. The primary outcome is musculoskeletal health, measured by low back pain intensity, and secondary outcomes are 1) physical behaviors at work, 2) accumulated time in long bouts of sitting, standing, and being active and 3) perceived fatigue and energy during work. Furthermore, implementation and cost of the intervention will be evaluated based on questionnaires and data from the planning tool completed by the workers. DISCUSSION: This study will evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of a 12 - weeks Goldilocks Work intervention with the aim of improving musculoskeletal health among industrial workers. The cluster randomized controlled study design and the evaluation of the implementation, results and costs of the intervention will make it capable of contributing with valuable evidence of how productive work may be designed to promote industrial workers' health. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trial registration was assigned 10-09-2021 (ISRCTN80969503). https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN80969503.
BACKGROUND: The Timed Up and Go test is a well-known clinical test for assessing of mobility and fall risk. It has been shown that the IMU which use an accelerometer and gyroscope are capable of analysing the quantitative parameters of the sit-to-stand transition. RESEARCH QUESTION: Which signals obtained by the inertial sensors are suitable for continuous Timed Up & Go test sit-to-stand transition analysis? METHODS: In the study we included 29 older adult volunteers and 31 de-novo Parkinson disease (PD) patients. All subjects performed an instrumented extended TUG wearing a gyro-accelerometer. The sit-to-stand transition was detected from an angular velocity signal. The sit-to-stand signal pattern within the subject group was analyzed via an intra-class correlation between curves. Inter-subjects' variability was visualized using prediction bands. RESULTS: The angular velocity about the pitch axis exhibited the best signal match across subjects in both groups (0.50 < ICC < 0.75). When analysing acceleration, the acceleration along the antero-posterior axis showed moderate inter-subjects signal pattern match (0.50 < ICC < 0.75) in the reference group. The analysis of other signals revealed a poor signal pattern in both subject groups. SIGNIFICANCE: For optimal interpretation of the analysis of continuous curves, the signal pattern must be considered. Also, the inter-subject variability along this pattern can be informative and useful.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- posturální rovnováha fyziologie MeSH
- pozice sedu MeSH
- stoj MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The head is an important element of the biokinetic chain. Under physiological conditions, it should extend along the midline of the body. Due to its location and the fact that it constitutes approx. 6% of the total body weight, many authors believe it has a significant impact on its functioning. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature search and to synthesize the evidence of the impact of the head posture on the functioning of the human body. A systematic review was conducted within 3 databases: PubMed, Medline OVID, and EBSCO, using the following terms: "forward head," "posture," "position," and "neck." For the analysis, scientific articles published after 2013 were selected. A total of 16 studies matched the inclusion criteria of this systematic review. Their results have proven that the position of the head has a significant effect on the human body. Research findings show that abnormal head position changes affect muscle activity, proprioception, the pattern of breathing and neck pain. This is the first systematic review of the relationship between the head posture, and the functioning of the human body. The results of this study seem to be promising if used in therapeutic practice. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020;33(5):559-68.
- MeSH
- hlava anatomie a histologie MeSH
- krk anatomie a histologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidské tělo * MeSH
- posturální rovnováha fyziologie MeSH
- stoj * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- motorické funkce, vyšetření reflexů, kmenové syndromy, korové syndromy, neuromotorický vývoj, primitivní reflexy, časně pohybové vzory, psychomotorický vývoj,
- MeSH
- chůze (způsob) MeSH
- dyskineze MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- komprese míchy patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozkový kmen patofyziologie MeSH
- nemoci bazálních ganglií MeSH
- nemoci mozečku diagnóza MeSH
- nemoci periferního nervového systému MeSH
- nemoci svalů diagnóza MeSH
- nervosvalové spojení fyziologie MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- poranění míchy patofyziologie MeSH
- poruchy motorických dovedností diagnóza MeSH
- poruchy nervosvalového přenosu MeSH
- poruchy senzitivity diagnóza klasifikace MeSH
- postura těla * MeSH
- posturální rovnováha MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- psychomotorické poruchy diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- spoušťové body MeSH
- stoj MeSH
- svalová síla MeSH
- svalová slabost MeSH
- svalová spasticita MeSH
- svalový tonus * MeSH
- vývoj dítěte * MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
Článek popisuje základní prvky rehabilitace, které jsou využívány v péči o nemocné s poruchami hybnosti. Zejména pacienti s těžším postižením hybnosti potřebují péči nejen zdravotníků, ale i rodinných příslušníků. Péči o nemocné lze při úpravě podmínek provádět i v domácím prostředí. U pacientů s těžkými poruchami hybnosti má zásadní význam pravidelné polohování, dále se doporučuje provádět dechová cvičení, pasivní pohyby, dle aktuálního stavu pohyby s dopomocí terapeuta a aktivní pohyby. Aktivní hybnost je vhodné zaměřit zejména na nácvik běžných denních aktivit nemocných, což má vést ke zvýšení nebo udržení jejich soběstačnosti.
The article describes the basic rehabilitation elements that are used in the care of patients with movement disorders. In particular, patients with more severe movement disorders do not only need medical care but also the care of their family members. It is possible to carry out home care with slight change of home environment conditions. In patients with severe movement disorders it is significant to perform regular positioning, breathing exercises, passive exercises and exercises according to the patient’s actual state of health with the assistance of a therapist and active exercises. It is recommended to perform active movements focused on training activities of daily living, resulting in increase or maintenance of patient’s self-sufficiency.
- Klíčová slova
- domácí péče, polohování, sed,
- MeSH
- chůze * MeSH
- domácí ošetřování * metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pohyb s pomůckou * výchova MeSH
- pohybové poruchy * rehabilitace MeSH
- rehabilitace MeSH
- stoj MeSH
- zvedání a polohování pacientů * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- motorické funkce, vyšetření reflexů, kmenové syndromy, korové syndromy, neuromotorický vývoj, primitivní reflexy, časně pohybové vzory, psychomotorický vývoj,
- MeSH
- chůze (způsob) MeSH
- dyskineze MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- komprese míchy patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozkový kmen patofyziologie MeSH
- nemoci bazálních ganglií MeSH
- nemoci mozečku diagnóza MeSH
- nemoci periferního nervového systému MeSH
- nemoci svalů diagnóza MeSH
- nervosvalové spojení fyziologie MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- poranění míchy patofyziologie MeSH
- poruchy motorických dovedností diagnóza MeSH
- poruchy nervosvalového přenosu MeSH
- poruchy senzitivity diagnóza klasifikace MeSH
- postura těla * MeSH
- posturální rovnováha MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- psychomotorické poruchy diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- spoušťové body MeSH
- stoj MeSH
- svalová síla MeSH
- svalová slabost MeSH
- svalová spasticita MeSH
- svalový tonus * MeSH
- vývoj dítěte * MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
