• MeSH
• Acanthamoeba MeSH
• Amoeba * genetika   izolace a purifikace   patogenita   MeSH
• DNA izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• písek * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• techniky amplifikace nukleových kyselin metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• Amoeba izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• antimalarika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Ascaris izolace a purifikace   parazitologie   MeSH
• Cestoda izolace a purifikace   parazitologie   MeSH
• cestování * MeSH
• echinokokóza diagnóza   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• Enterobius parazitologie   MeSH
• giardiáza diagnóza   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• infekční lékařství metody   organizace a řízení   trendy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• malárie diagnóza   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• parazitologie * metody   organizace a řízení   trendy   MeSH
• preventivní lékařství * metody   organizace a řízení   trendy   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• toxoplazmóza diagnóza   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• tropické lékařství metody   organizace a řízení   trendy   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• rozhovory MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Afrika MeSH
• Česká republika MeSH
• Indie MeSH

Prístup k pitnej vode je jedným zo základných predpokladov života. Na to, aby toto mohlo byť zabezpečené je potrebné najskôr zdrojovú vodu upraviť chemickými, biologickými a fyzikálnymi postupmi. Napriek všetkým úpravám sa v pitnej vode vyskytujú rôzne druhy mikroorganizmov, pričom niektoré z nich môžu predstavovať zdravotné riziko pre človeka. Tento prehľadný článok sa zameriava najmä na výskyt améb v úpravniach vody a v pitnej vode a jej význam ako rezervoár netuberkulóznej mykobaktérie. Tieto mykobaktérie pritom môžu predstavovať vážne ohrozenie zdravia ľudí, nakoľko spôsobujú závažné ochorenia kože, dýchacieho systému, lymfatického systému a gastrointestinálneho traktu.

Unrestricted access to drinking water of good quality is one of the basic prerequisite of life. For this to be achieved it is necessary to treat the raw water through chemical, biological and physical methods. However, the water treatment is not exhaustive and some microorganisms are able to overcome it whereby posing a health risk. This review draws attention mainly to the occurrence of free living amoeba at different stages of water treatment and their importance as a reservoir of potentially pathogenic non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Mycobacteria may present a severe threat to human health considering they cause serious infections to the skin, as well as of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems.

• MeSH
• Amoeba * izolace a purifikace   mikrobiologie   patogenita   MeSH
• čištění vody * metody   normy   MeSH
• gastrointestinální nemoci mikrobiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• kožní nemoci prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfatický systém mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• nemoci dýchací soustavy mikrobiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• netuberkulózní mykobakterie izolace a purifikace   patogenita   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• pitná voda * chemie   normy   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• syndromy imunologické nedostatečnosti mikrobiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Chlamydiae are intracellular bacterial parasites of eukaryotes, ranging from amoebae to humans. They comprise many novel members and are investigated as emerging pathogens. Environmental studies highlighted similarities between the ecologies of chlamydiae and legionellae, both groups being important agents of respiratory infections. Herein, we analyzed nasal samples from healthy persons, searching for the presence of amoebae, chlamydiae and legionellae. From a total of 25 samples, we recovered by PCR eight samples positive to chlamydiae and six samples positive to legionellae. Among these samples, four were positive to both organisms. The sequencing of 16S rDNAs allowed to identify (i) among Chlamydiae: Parachlamydia acanthamoebae, Chlamydophila psittaci, Chlamydophila felis, and members of Rhabdochlamydiaceae, Simkaniaceae and E6 lineage and (ii) among Legionellaceae: Legionella longbeachae, Legionella bozemanii and Legionella impletisoli. Unexpectedly, we also recovered Diplorickettsia sp. Amoebae collected from nasal mucosae, Acanthamoeba and Vermamoeba, were endosymbiont-free, and chlamydiae revealed refractory to amoeba coculture. This study shows common exposure to chlamydiae and legionellae and suggests open air activities like gardening as a probable additional source of infection.

• MeSH
• Amoeba klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Chlamydiales klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• DNA bakterií chemie   genetika   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• Legionellaceae klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiota * MeSH
• nosní dutina mikrobiologie   MeSH
• protozoální DNA chemie   genetika   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA chemie   genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• shluková analýza MeSH
• zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Diversity of the anaerobic Heterolobosea (Excavata: Discoba) is only poorly understood, especially in marine environments. We have isolated and cultured 16 strains of anaerobic heteroloboseid amoebae and flagellates from brackish, marine and saline anoxic habitats worldwide. Phylogenetic analyses of SSU rDNA sequences and light-microscopic observations showed that all the strains belong to the family Psalteriomonadidae, the main anaerobic lineage of Heterolobosea, and that they represent eight species from the genera Monopylocystis, Harpagon and Pseudoharpagon. Seven species are newly isolated and described here as Monopylocystis minor n. sp., Monopylocystis robusta n. sp., Monopylocystis elegans n. sp., Monopylocystis disparata n. sp., Harpagon salinus n. sp., Pseudoharpagon longus n. sp. and Pseudoharpagon tertius n. sp. Amoebae, cysts and the ultrastructure of the genus Pseudoharpagon are presented for the first time.

• MeSH
• Amoeba klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• biodiverzita MeSH
• flagella MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• geologické sedimenty mikrobiologie   MeSH
• mikrobiologie vody * MeSH
• mokřady MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• mořská voda mikrobiologie   MeSH
• protozoální DNA genetika   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

We present a fascinating triad relationship between a eukaryotic amoeba and its two bacterial symbionts. The morphological characteristics of the amoeba allowed for a confident assignment to the genus Nuclearia (Opisthokonta, Nucleariidae), but species identification resulted in an ambiguous result. Sequence analysis indicated an affiliation to the species N. thermophila, however, several morphological features contradict the original description. Amoebal isolates were cultured for several years with their preferred food source, the microcystin-producing harmful cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens. Symbioses of the amoeba with ecto- and endosymbiotic bacteria were maintained over this period. Several thousand cells of the ectosymbiont are regularly arranged inside a layer of extracellular polymeric substances produced by the amoeba. The ectosymbiont was identified as Paucibacter toxinivorans (Betaproteobacteria), which was originally isolated by enrichment with microcystins. We found indications that our isolated ectosymbiont indeed contributed to toxin-degradation. The endosymbiont (Gammaproteobacteria, 15-20 bacteria per amoeba) is enclosed in symbiosomes inside the host cytoplasm and represents probably an obligate symbiont. We propose the name "Candidatus Endonucleariobacter rarus" for this bacterium that was neither found free-living nor in a symbiotic association. Nucleariidae are uniquely suited model organisms to study the basic principles of symbioses between opisthokonts and prokaryotes.

• MeSH
• Amoeba klasifikace   cytologie   izolace a purifikace   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Betaproteobacteria klasifikace   izolace a purifikace   fyziologie   MeSH
• DNA bakterií chemie   genetika   MeSH
• Gammaproteobacteria klasifikace   izolace a purifikace   fyziologie   MeSH
• geny rRNA MeSH
• jezera parazitologie   MeSH
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA chemie   genetika   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• protozoální DNA chemie   genetika   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA chemie   genetika   MeSH
• RNA protozoální genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 18S genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• symbióza * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Švýcarsko MeSH

Testate amoeba (TA) assemblages were collected in 2005 from four ponds in Komořany (Prague, Czech Republic). An analysis of seasonal taxonomic variability of TA populations and its correlation with the limnological characteristics of the area (temperature, pH, total organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals, etc.) was performed. The predominant genera were Difflugia, Arcella, and Centropyxis. The most significant changes in the TA community occurred between March and July. Arcella genus dominated in March and April; in May, Arcella and Centropyxis genera were present in the same amount; in June, Arcella genus disappeared, and Difflugia genus started to dominate the community. A multivariate redundancy analysis showed statistically significant correlations between the environmental parameters and the composition of the TA community. The results indicate a negative correlation between TA quantities and Ni, Cd, PAH, Mn, As, and Pb. TA were also affected by concentrations of NH4(+), NO3(-), and P, as well as by temperature variations. The observed correlations between the species composition and environmental parameters can be used in paleoecological interpretations of fossil TA communities. Our results also prove the suitability of TA as water quality indicators in urban areas.

• MeSH
• Amoeba klasifikace   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• biodiverzita MeSH
• ekosystém MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• roční období MeSH
• rybníky chemie   parazitologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The release of any species into a novel environment can evoke transmission of parasites that do not normally parasitize the host as well as potentially introducing new parasites into the environment. Species introductions potentially incur such risks, yet little is currently known about the parasite fauna of introduced primate species over the long term. We describe the results of long-term monitoring of the intestinal parasite fauna of an unprovisioned, reproducing population of chimpanzees introduced 40 years earlier (1966-1969) onto Rubondo Island in Lake Victoria, Tanzania, a non-native habitat for chimpanzees. Two parasitological surveys (March 1997-October 1998 and October 2002-December 2005) identified Entamoeba spp. including E. coli, Iodamoeba buetschlii, Troglodytella abrassarti, Chilomastix mesnili, Trichuris sp., Anatrichosoma sp., Strongyloides spp., Strongylida fam. gen. sp., Enterobius anthropopitheci, Subulura sp., Ascarididae gen. sp., and Protospirura muricola. The parasite fauna of the Rubondo chimpanzees is similar to wild chimpanzees living in their natural habitats, but Rubondo chimpanzees have a lower prevalence of strongylids (9%, 3.8%) and a higher prevalence of E. anthropopitheci (8.6%, 17.9%) than reported elsewhere. Species prevalence was similar between our two surveys, with the exception of Strongyloides spp. being higher in the first survey. None of these species are considered to pose a serious health risk to chimpanzees, but continued monitoring of the population and surveys of the parasitic fauna of the two coinhabitant primate species and other animals, natural reservoir hosts of some of the same parasites, is important to better understand the dynamics of host-parasite ecology and potential long-term implications for chimpanzees introduced into a new habitat.

• MeSH
• Amoeba izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Ciliophora izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Entamoeba izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Enterobius izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• feces parazitologie   MeSH
• gastrointestinální trakt parazitologie   MeSH
• hlístice izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a parazita MeSH
• nemoci lidoopů parazitologie   přenos   MeSH
• Pan troglodytes parazitologie   MeSH
• parazitární nemoci u zvířat farmakoterapie   prevence a kontrola   přenos   MeSH
• Retortamonadidae izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Strongyloides izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Trichuris izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Tanzanie MeSH

New strains of non-vannellid flattened amoebae isolated from fish, an invertebrate and the marine environment were studied together with Flabellula citata Schaeffer, 1926 selected by morphology as a reference strain. The study revealed a paucity of features distinguishing individual strains at the generic level, but clearly evidenced mutual phylogenetic relationships within the assemblage of strains as well as their affiliation to the Leptomyxida. In this study, the SSU rDNA dataset of leptomyxids was expanded and a new branching pattern was presented within this lineage of Amoebozoa. Sequences of three newly introduced strains clustered in close relationship with the type strain of F. citata, the type species of the genus. Three strains, including one resembling Flamella sp., were positioned within a sister-group containing Paraflabellula spp. Results of phylogenetic analysis confirmed doubts of previous authors regarding generic assignment of several Rhizanmoeba and Ripidomnyxa strains.

• MeSH
• amébiáza genetika   parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• Amoeba izolace a purifikace   klasifikace   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• malé podjednotky ribozomu genetika   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• nemoci ryb genetika   parazitologie   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• protozoální DNA genetika   klasifikace   MeSH
• ribozomální DNA genetika   klasifikace   MeSH
• ryby genetika   parazitologie   MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• sekvenční seřazení MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH

• MeSH
• Amoeba izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• horké prameny MeSH
• hygiena MeSH
• mikrobiologie vody MeSH
• plavecké bazény MeSH
• průjem epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   parazitologie   virologie   MeSH
• znečištění vody analýza   škodlivé účinky   MeSH