Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a worldwide distributed bacterium with a significant medical and veterinary importance. It grows within the phagosome of infected neutrophils and is responsible for human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), tick-borne fever (TBF) of small ruminants and cattle, canine and equine granulocytic anaplasmosis, but infects also a great variety of wildlife species. Wild ungulates and rodents are considered reservoirs of infection in natural foci. The objective of this study was to determine the spectrum of animal species involved in the circulation of A. phagocytophilum in Slovakia and to analyze the variability of obtained nucleotide sequences, in order to determine whether genotypes from Slovakia cluster according to host-species or geographical location. Several animal species and vector ticks were screened for the presence of members of the family Anaplasmataceae using PCR based methods. Additional data on the molecular evidence of Anaplasma ovis and Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis are presented. These pathogens were detected in tested sheep flocks and rodents with the mean infection rates of 8.16% and 10.75%, respectively. A. phagocytophilum was genotyped by 16S rRNA and groEL gene sequencing. Bacterial DNA was confirmed in questing ixodid ticks, in domesticated canine, wild rodents and several species of wild ungulates. In European isolates, 16S rRNA gene does not seem to be an appropriate locus for the analyses of heterogeneity as it is too conservative. Similarly, 16S rRNA isolates from our study did not reveal any polymorphisms. All isolates were identical in overlapped region and showed identity with sequences from ticks, horses or ruminants previously isolated elsewhere in the world. On the other hand, the groESL heat shock operon is widely used for determination of diversity and the analyses have already revealed considerable degree of heterogeneity. Tested ungulates were infected with A. phagocytophilum to a considerable extent. High proportions of red and roe deer tested positive and the rates of infection reached over 60.0%. GroEL sequences from canine, wild ungulates and ticks from Slovakia clustered within a clade together with isolates from horses, humans, wild ungulates and ticks from Slovakia or elsewhere in the world. Sequences from rodents clustered apart from those obtained from wild ungulates, ticks and humans. These results suggest that European rodents do not harbour A. phagocytophilum strains with strong zoonotic potential such as those from United States.
- MeSH
- Anaplasma klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- anaplasmóza MeSH
- arachnida jako vektory mikrobiologie MeSH
- hlodavci MeSH
- klíště mikrobiologie MeSH
- psi MeSH
- vysoká zvěř MeSH
- zdroje nemoci mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Distribution of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Ehrlichia ruminantium, was for the first time studied in Bié Province, central Angola. We examined 76 blood samples of cattle originated from seven farms, and 13 blood samples of goats from two farms employing molecular genetic tools (PCR). Most prevalent was A. ovis-infection in goats (100%) and A. marginale-infection in cattle (38% of examined animals, and six out of seven farms). B. bigemina-infection was detected in only one specimen at Andulo, whereas B. bovis was not detected in Bié. We did not detected T. parva, the causative agent of serious diseases in cattle; nevertheless, infection by T. velifera was quite frequent (14% of examined animals, and five out of seven farms). Causative agent of heartwater disease - E. ruminantium, was not detected. Taking into account short-term perspective of PCR methods in monitoring of epidemiological status in herds, the number of infected animals and distribution of detected pathogens should not be ignored.
- MeSH
- Anaplasma genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- anaplasmóza epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- Babesia genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- babezióza epidemiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- DNA bakterií krev chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kozy MeSH
- nemoci koz epidemiologie mikrobiologie parazitologie MeSH
- nemoci přenášené klíšťaty epidemiologie mikrobiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci skotu epidemiologie mikrobiologie parazitologie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce veterinární MeSH
- protozoální DNA krev chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- skot MeSH
- Theileria genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- theilerióza epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Angola MeSH
Anaplasmoses are common tick-borne zoonotic bacterial diseases of livestock and free-living ungulates from the genus Anaplasma that are recently emerging in Central Europe. The main aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and genetic variability of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis in small ruminants and questing ticks from six different sites in Slovakia and the Czech Republic using the PCR of the msp4 gene followed by the sequence analysis. At two farms from southeastern Slovakia, 66.1% small ruminants were infected with A. ovis in contrast to one positive animal from both sites in northern Slovakia. It was represented by two different genotypes. A. phagocytophilum was present in all tested flocks with the infection prevalence ranging from 0.9% to 5.7%. None of the tested questing ticks carried A. ovis. A. phagocytophilum was detected in 1.1% and 7.8% of questing Ixodes ricinus ticks collected around the farms located in southeastern and northern Slovakia, respectively. A. phagocytophilum revealed higher intraspecific diversity than A. ovis.
- MeSH
- Anaplasma ovis genetika MeSH
- Anaplasma klasifikace genetika MeSH
- anaplasmóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genetická variace * MeSH
- klíšťata mikrobiologie MeSH
- kozy MeSH
- membránové proteiny genetika MeSH
- nemoci koz mikrobiologie MeSH
- nemoci ovcí mikrobiologie MeSH
- nemoci přenášené klíšťaty mikrobiologie MeSH
- objevující se infekční nemoci mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- ovce MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
- MeSH
- Anaplasma genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Bacteria izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Borrelia genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Coxiella burnetii genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- klíšťata mikrobiologie MeSH
- nemoci přenášené klíšťaty mikrobiologie MeSH
- sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
