BACKGROUND: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the most common enteropathogenic bacteria found in pigs in Europe. In our previous work, we demonstrated the protective effects in suckling piglets when their dams had been vaccinated with an S. Typhimurium-based inactivated vaccine. This study is focused on a procedure leading to serological discrimination between vaccinated and infected pigs. As we supposed, distinct environment during natural infection and in bacterial cultures used for vaccine preparation led to a slightly different spectrum of expressed S. Typhimurium proteins. The examination of porcine antibodies produced after the experimental infection with S. Typhimurium or after vaccination with S. Typhimurium-based inactivated vaccine by affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed differences in antibody response applicable for serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. RESULTS: Antibodies against Salmonella SipB, SipD and SseB proteins were detected at much higher levels in post-infection sera in comparison with control and post-vaccination sera. On the other hand, proteins BamB, OppA and a fragment of FliC interacted with antibodies from post-vaccination sera with a much higher intensity than from control and post-infection sera. In addition, we constructed ELISA assays using post-infection antigen - SipB protein and post-vaccination antigen - FliC-fragment and evaluated them on a panel of individual porcine sera. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of antibody response of infected and vaccinated pigs by proteomic tools enabled to identify S. Typhimurium antigens useful for distinguishing infected from vaccinated animals. This approach can be utilized in other challenges where DIVA vaccine and a subsequent serological assay are required, especially when genetic modification of a vaccine strain is not desirable.

• MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální metabolismus   MeSH
• ELISA veterinární   MeSH
• inaktivované vakcíny imunologie   MeSH
• nemoci prasat diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• proteomika * MeSH
• protilátky bakteriální krev   MeSH
• Salmonella typhimurium genetika   MeSH
• salmonelová infekce u zvířat diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• salmonelové vakcíny imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi ospC types from the southeastern U.S.A. supported the common belief that various ospC types are geographically restricted and host specific. Being widely distributed in the region, the southeastern population of B. burgdorferi is represented by a surprisingly small number of ospC types. Types B, G and H are dominant or common and are invasive, while scarce type L, restricted mostly to the southeastern U.S.A., is believed to rarely if ever cause human Lyme disease. OspC type B and L strains are represented in the region at the same rate, however their distribution among tick vectors and vertebrate hosts is unequal. FINDINGS: Direct diagnostics was used to analyze the ability of B. burgdorferi ospC type L strains to disseminate into host tissues. Mice were infected by subcutaneous injections of B. burgdorferi strains of various ospC types with different invasive capability. Spirochete levels were examined in ear, heart, bladder and joint tissues. Noninfected I. ricinus larvae were fed on infected mice until repletion. Infection rates were determined in molted nymphs. Infected nymphs were then fed on naïve mice, and spirochete transmission from infected nymphs to mice was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: B. burgdorferi ospC type L strains from the southeastern U.S.A. have comparable potential to disseminate into host tissues as ospC types strains commonly associated with human Lyme disease in endemic European and North American regions. We found no difference in the invasive ability of ospC type B and L strains originated either from tick vectors or vertebrate hosts.

• MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Borrelia burgdorferi klasifikace   fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymeská nemoc epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• proteiny vnější bakteriální membrány genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u bakterií fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH
• jihovýchod USA MeSH

Autor předkládá přehled historie i současnosti klinického použití bakteriálních lyzátů. Uvádí nejnovější poznatky o mechanizmech účinků těchto přípravků a následně se zaměřuje na indikace a nejčastější problematiku s používáním bakteriálních lyzátů v klinické praxi.

The author presents an overview of the past and present of the clinical use of bacterial lysates. The latest knowledge on the mechanisms of action of these agents is provided and also discussed are the indications and the most common issues concerning the use of bacterial lysates in clinical practice.

• Klíčová slova
• recidivující infekce,
• MeSH
• adjuvancia imunologická dějiny   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální fyziologie   metabolismus   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• imunita MeSH
• infekce dýchací soustavy terapie   MeSH
• klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
• lékové předpisy MeSH
• léky bez předpisu MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potravní doplňky MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• výběr pacientů MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Spirochaetes) is a group of at least 12 closely related species, some of which are responsible for chronic zoonotic infection that may cause Lyme disease. The only experimentally confirmed vector transmitting Borrelia to mammals is the Ixodes ticks. Borrelia is a highly adapted pathogen that can survive in the host organism in spite of the intense immune responses. Some patients have chronic long-lasting complications despite antibiotic therapy, probably due to adverse effects of the immune responses. A preventive vaccine against this bacterium has not been available due to the relatively broad spectrum and antigenic variability of Borrelia-surface lipoproteins and the different epitope recognition by experimental animals and humans. Although a human vaccine was marketed in the USA, it has been already pulled off the market. In addition, this vaccine was effective only in the USA, where the only pathogenic species is B. burgdorferi sensu stricto. Recent data indicate that a broadly effective vaccine will to be composed of a mixture of several antigens or multiple epitopes.

• MeSH
• antigenní variace MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• antigeny povrchové imunologie   MeSH
• autoimunitní nemoci etiologie   MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální vakcíny imunologie   MeSH
• Borrelia burgdorferi imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• klíště imunologie   metabolismus   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipoproteiny imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lymeská nemoc imunologie   mikrobiologie   patologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• myši MeSH
• proteiny vnější bakteriální membrány imunologie   MeSH
• protilátky bakteriální imunologie   MeSH
• vakcinace škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Spojené státy americké MeSH

We investigated the presence of glycoproteins in Borrelia burgdorferi. We did not find any evidence for glycosylation of the major outer membrane proteins OspA and OspB or the structural flagellar proteins FlaB and FlaA. We suggest that glycoproteins present on the surface of B. burgdorferi may be tightly bound culture medium glycoproteins.

• MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• antigeny povrchové genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální vakcíny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Borrelia burgdorferi genetika   metabolismus   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• elektroforéza v polyakrylamidovém gelu MeSH
• elektronová kryomikroskopie MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• flagelin genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• glykosylace MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie s elektrosprejovou ionizací MeSH
• lipoproteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• proteiny vnější bakteriální membrány genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• sekvenční homologie aminokyselin MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• antigenní mikrobiální komplexy,
• MeSH
• alergie diagnóza   enzymologie   etiologie   MeSH
• aminokyseliny analýza   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální * izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• Bacteria MeSH
• dusík chemie   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• infekční nemoci diagnóza   enzymologie   etiologie   MeSH
• kokultivační techniky * metody   využití   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH