Promoting healthy aging through physical activity (PA) is crucial as the global population grows older. Traditional interventions often fail to engage older adults, underlining the need for personalized, timely approaches. Smartphone-delivered PA interventions can offer personalized support during opportune moments for behavioral change. The current study examined whether the receptivity of inactive older adults influences compliance with mHealth walking suggestions after inactivity, and explored their experiences with it. Thirty healthy older adults (mean age 73.9 years) participated in the study and answered event-based EMA questionnaires via HealthReact after each 30-minute inactivity period. Emotions, physical complaints, intention, self-efficacy, perceived walking, and environmental permissiveness were assessed. Walking suggestions followed each EMA, and semi-structured interviews were conducted post-study. Multilevel logistic regressions in R were applied, and qualitative data were thematically analyzed using NVivo. Results show that higher intention, self-efficacy, and environmental permissiveness positively correlated with compliance, while higher perceived walking negatively correlated. Participants generally found the suggestions motivating and well-timed, but some reported increased alertness and pressure. Consequently, tailoring interventions to individual needs and targeting receptive moments can enhance compliance and promote healthier aging through increased PA. Future mobile interventions should consider self-efficacy, intention, prior activity, and environmental conditions to improve effectiveness.
- MeSH
- adherence pacienta * psychologie MeSH
- chůze * psychologie MeSH
- chytrý telefon MeSH
- cvičení psychologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- podpora zdraví * metody MeSH
- sebeuplatnění MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- telemedicína MeSH
- úmysl MeSH
- zdravé stárnutí * psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Studies of correlates of active transport to and from school (ATS) focus mainly on children, have a limited conceptualisation of ATS trips, lack heterogeneity in built environments, and rarely consider effect modifiers. This study aimed to estimate associations of parent-perceived neighbourhood environment characteristics with self-reported ATS among adolescents from 14 countries, and whether associations differ by sex, city/region, and distance to school. METHODS: Observational cross-sectional design. Data were from the International Physical activity and Environment Network (IPEN) Adolescent study and included 6302 adolescents (mean age 14.5 ± 1.7 years, 54% girls) and a caretaker from 16 diverse sites. Adolescents self-reported usual travel to and from school by walking and bicycling (days/week) and time it would take to walk. Parents completed the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale for Youth (13 scores computed). Generalised additive mixed models estimated associations of parent neighbourhood perceptions with 1) any active transport to/from school, 2) regular walking (5-10 times/week), 3) regular cycling to/from school, and 4) profiles of ATS generated using latent profile analyses. Interactions were also explored. RESULTS: Overall, 58.7% reported any ATS, 39.9% regularly walked, 7.7% regularly cycled, and four profiles of ATS were identified: walk to and from school; walk from school; cycle to and from school; no ATS. Distance to school was negatively associated with all outcomes, though evidence was weak for regular cycling to/from school. Land use mix - diversity was positively related to all ATS outcomes except those related to cycling. Accessibility and walking facilities were associated with higher odds of any ATS, regular walking to/from school, and the profile walking to and from school. Residential density was negatively related to regular cycling to/from school. Positive associations were observed between traffic safety and any ATS, and between safety from crime, aesthetics, and odds of regular cycling to/from school. Distance to school, adolescent sex, and city moderated several associations. CONCLUSIONS: Parent perceptions of compact, mixed-use development, walking facilities, and both traffic and crime-related safety were important supportive correlates of a range of ATS outcomes among adolescents in high- and low-middle-income countries. Policies that achieve these attributes should be prioritised to support more widespread ATS.
- MeSH
- charakteristiky bydlení * MeSH
- charakteristiky okolí bydliště * MeSH
- chůze * MeSH
- cvičení * MeSH
- cyklistika MeSH
- doprava * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- percepce MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- rodiče * psychologie MeSH
- školy * MeSH
- vytvořené prostředí MeSH
- životní prostředí - projekt * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of two spine models: the broken curve model and a new four tangent circles model. The modification concerns the adaptation of data acquisition to kinematic methods used in, e.g., gait and running analysis. METHOD: Plastic, movable spine model of human with flexible intervertebral disks (manufactured by Erler Zimmer GE3014) was used as the study material. Markers with a diameter of 5 mm were glued to each spinous process (from C7 to L5). The recording was performed with a 6-camera Vicon system. Two spine models were created: a broken curve model used, among others, in the Diers scanner, and an own model of 4 circles, similar to the model of circles used in X-ray and CT analysis. RESULTS: The errors in the position of the spinous processes were significantly smaller in the 4-circle model than in the broken curve model. They ranged from 0.01 to 6.5 mm in the lumbar section, from 0.004 to 3.1 mm in the thoracic section. The practical possibilities of using the four-circle model during the cinematographic analysis of gait and run should be checked. CONCLUSION: The four-circle model is more accurate than the broken curve model and can be used in the cinematographic analysis of the human spine movement.
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that individuals with an increase in HbA1c (i.e. above the regular but below the diabetic threshold) exhibit an impairment in the Achilles tendon structure and walking capacity, due to the adverse effect of the advanced glycation end-product. One hundred fifty-eight participants matched for gender, age, physical activity and BMI, were divided in two cohorts based on the HbA1c level: normal HbA1c (NGH; <39 mmol/molHb; n = 79) and altered HbA1c (AGH; >=39 mmol/molHb; n = 79). Each participant performed several walking trials to evaluate the kinematic parameters during walling at the self-selected speed and a quantitative MRI scan of the Achilles tendon (AT) to obtain its intrinsic characteristics (i.e. T2* relaxation time short and long component). The AT T2* relaxation time short component (a parameter related to the tendon collagen quality) was reduced in AGH compared to NGH. Furthermore, AGH exhibited a slower self-selected walking speed (NGH: 1.59 ± 0.18 m/s; AGH:1.54 ± 0.16 m/s) and a shorter stride length (NGH: 1.59 ± 0.13 m; AGH:1.55 ± 0.11 m). Our data suggest that a non-pathological increase in HbA1c is able to negatively affect AT collagen quality and walking capacity in healthy people. These results highlight the importance of glycemic control, even below the pathological threshold. Since diabetes could alter several biological pathways, further studies are necessary to determine which mechanisms and their timing, regarding the HbA1c rise, affect tendon composition and, consequently, walking capacity.
- MeSH
- Achillova šlacha * diagnostické zobrazování fyziologie metabolismus MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- chůze * fyziologie MeSH
- diabetes mellitus diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- glykovaný hemoglobin * metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- produkty pokročilé glykace metabolismus MeSH
- zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: The use of statistical parameter mapping (SPM) to compare gait kinematics of children at different ages seems to be a more appropriate tool to describe the differences than simply describing the maxima and minima on the curves. RESEARCH QUESTION: Does lower limb kinematic waveforms differ during gait in normally developing preschool children? METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, SPM was used to compare kinematic waveforms of typically developing preschool children at ages 2, 3, and 6 years (n = 42). RESULTS: Differences in internal rotation foot angle between 2-year-olds and 3-, 6-year-olds in 22-55 % lower in 2-year-olds but 85-100 % greater in 2-year-olds. Greater internal rotation of the knee in 2-year-olds versus 6-year-olds in 13-25 % of the stance phase. Lower knee abduction in 2-year-olds versus 6-year-olds in the first 13 % of the stance phase. SIGNIFICANCE: Comparison of the waveforms of the angle may provide a clearer understanding of the differences in gait kinematics in children at different ages.
- MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- chůze (způsob) * fyziologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kolenní kloub * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- rozsah kloubních pohybů * fyziologie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: To design effective tailored interventions to promote physical activity (PA) among older adults, insights are needed into the contexts in which older adults engage in PA and their affective and physical experiences. Sensor-triggered event-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is an innovative method for capturing real-life contexts, as well as affective and physical states, during or immediately after specific events, such as PA. This study aimed to (1) describe the physical and social contexts, and the affective and physical states during PA among older adults, (2) evaluate how these constructs fluctuate during PA episodes, and (3) describe affective states during PA according to the context. METHODS: An intensive longitudinal sensor-triggered event-based EMA study was conducted with 92 Belgian older adults (65 + years). During seven days, participants were monitored using a Fitbit, which triggered a smartphone-based questionnaire on the event-based EMA platform 'HealthReact' after a five-minute walk. Participants reported on contexts and affective (positive/negative valence) and physical states (pain and fatigue) during the PA event. Descriptive statistics and generalized mixed models were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Older adults predominantly engaged in daily physical activities, such as walking for transport, leisure walking, and gardening, rather than structured exercise. They consistently reported high positive affect, low negative affect, and minimal physical complaints during PA. Furthermore, older adults mainly engage in physical activities alone, particularly in outdoor settings. Variations in contexts, affect, and fatigue were mostly driven by within-subject differences. The model showed significant differences across times of day, with negative affect being highest in the evening and fatigue lowest in the morning. Additionally, the physical and social context influenced negative affect (but not positive affect), with outdoor activities performed alone and indoor activities performed with others being associated with lower negative affect. CONCLUSIONS: While these findings could enhance the effectiveness of tailored PA interventions, it remains unclear whether the observed affective and physical states are causes or effects of PA, and whether the contexts in which the activities were performed align with older adults' preferences. Further research is needed to explore these relationships and to better understand older adults' preferred PA contexts.
- MeSH
- afekt * MeSH
- chůze MeSH
- chytrý telefon MeSH
- cvičení * psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- okamžité posouzení v přirozeném prostředí * MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- únava MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Belgie MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Although the effects of carrying loads on gait biomechanics have been well-documented, to date, little evidence has been provided whether such loads may impact spatial and temporal gait asymmetries under the different foot regions. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to examine the effects of carrying a standardized police equipment on spatiotemporal gait parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this population-based study, participants were 845 first-year police recruits (age: 21.2 ± 2.3 years; height: 178.1 ± 10.2 cm; weight: 78.4 ± 11.3 kg; body mass index: 24.7 ± 3.2 kg/m2; 609 men and 236 women; 72.1% men and 27.9% women) measured in 2 conditions: (i) "no load" and (ii) "a 3.5 kg load." Spatiotemporal gait parameters were derived from the FDM Zebris pressure platform. Asymmetry was calculated as (xright-xleft)/0.5*(xright + xleft)*100%, where "x" represented a given parameter being calculated and a value closer to 0 denoted greater symmetry. RESULTS: When compared to "no load" condition, a standardized 3.5 kg/7.7 lb load significantly increased asymmetries in spatial gait parameters as follows: gait phases of stance (mean diff. = 1.05), load response (mean diff. = 0.31), single limb support (mean diff. = 0.56), pre-swing (mean diff. = 0.22), and swing (mean diff. = 0.90) phase, while no significant asymmetries in foot rotation, step, and stride length were observed. For temporal gait parameters, we observed significant asymmetries in step time (mean diff. = -0.01), while no differences in cadence and gait speed were shown. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that the additional load of 3.5 kg/7.7 lb is more likely to increase asymmetries in spatial gait cycle components, opposed to temporal parameters. Thus, external police load may have hazardous effects in increasing overall body asymmetry, which may lead to a higher injury risk and a decreased performance for completing specific everyday tasks.
- MeSH
- biomechanika fyziologie MeSH
- chůze (způsob) * fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- policie * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- zatížení muskuloskeletálního systému * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a progressive disease characterized by disproportionate ventricular enlargement at brain imaging with gait disturbance and an increased risk of falling. Gait assessment is a key feature in the diagnosis of iNPH and characterization of post-surgical outcomes. RESEARCH QUESTION: How do gait parameters change 24 h after CSF tap test (CSFTT) and after ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery? METHODS: The PRISMA guidelines were used to perform the systematic review. We conducted a search of the following electronic databases: PubMed, Medline, Web of Science and EBSCO. We included studies focusing on gait changes occurring 24 h after a CSFTT or after ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery in patients with iNPH. All articles were assessed for methodological quality using an adapted version of The Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers checklist. RESULTS: Twenty-seven studies were included in the systematic review. Studies were highly heterogeneous due to lack of standardization of CSFTT or shunt surgery methodology, with varying amounts of CSF removed during the tap test (20-50 ml) and varying time of outcome assessment after shunt surgery. Dynamic equilibrium measurements are generally used to assess preoperative levels of cardinal symptoms and postoperative outcomes in iNPH. The most sensitive spatio-temporal parameter assessed 24 h after CSFTT was self-selected walking speed followed by stride length, which increased significantly. Cadence is hence not suitable to consider in the evaluation of effect of CSFTT and shunt surgery. Changes in balance-related gait parameters after CSFTT and shunt surgery are still a controversial area of research. CONCLUSION: Gait assessment is a key feature in the diagnosis of iNPH and characterization of post-surgical outcomes. Dynamic equilibrium measurements are generally used to assess preoperative levels of cardinal symptoms and postoperative outcomes in iNPH, but quantitative and standardized gait analysis procedures are missing. Changes in balance-related gait parameters after CSFTT might be useful in deciding whether to perform shunt surgery in iNPH patients who hope for improvement in gait ability. The dual-task paradigm after CSFTT could improve the clinical evaluation of higher level frontal gait disturbances in patients with suspected iNPH before shunting.
- MeSH
- chůze (způsob) * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- normotenzní hydrocefalus * chirurgie patofyziologie mozkomíšní mok diagnóza MeSH
- shunty pro odvod mozkomíšního moku MeSH
- spinální punkce metody MeSH
- ventrikuloperitoneální zkrat MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Obesity in older adults is linked to various chronic conditions and decreased quality of life. Traditional physical activity guidelines often overlook the specific postures and movements that older adults engage in daily. This study aims to explore the compositional associations between posture-specific behaviours and obesity risk in younger (M = 67.35 ± 2.03 years) and older (M = 75.73 ± 4.17 years) groups of older adults and investigate the differences in body mass index (BMI) associated with replacing time spent in lying, sitting and standing with moving or walking. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 309 older adults aged 65 and above from Czech Republic. Participants' movement behaviours, including lying, sitting, standing, moving, and walking, were measured using accelerometers. The data were analysed using compositional data analysis (CoDA) and isotemporal substitution models to assess the impact of reallocating time between different activities on self-reported (BMI). RESULTS: The younger group engaged in more overall movement (193.84 min/day vs. 172.41 min/day) and walking (92.15 min/day vs. 76.62 min/day) than the older group. Significant estimated increases in BMI were associated with reallocating 30 min from movement to lying, sitting, or standing (up to + 3.31 kg/m2), while reallocating the same amount of time from lying, sitting, or standing to movement was associated with estimated reductions in BMI (up to - 2.54 kg/m2). In the older group, reallocating time from slow walking to lying or sitting was associated with estimated increases in BMI (up to + 1.86 kg/m2), while increasing time spent slow walking at the expense of lying or sitting theoretically reduced BMI (up to - 0.95 kg/m2). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that promoting movement and walking, including both slow and fast walking, may play a role in managing obesity risk in older adults. This study highlights the potential benefits of reducing sedentary time and encouraging low-intensity physical activity tailored to the capabilities of seniors, especially those aged 70+, as a possible strategy to mitigate obesity risk. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations and explore causal relationships.
- MeSH
- akcelerometrie metody MeSH
- chůze * fyziologie MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita * epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- postura těla fyziologie MeSH
- pozice sedu * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stoj * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
A sedentary lifestyle, characterised by a lack of physical activity, negatively influences Body Mass Index (BMI). BMI may be related to the prevalence of flat feet. This study aims to observe the occurrence of flat feet in young children and determine its association with BMI. Additionally, it aims to analyse foot loading in the forefoot, midfoot and rearfoot. Dynamographic records of children (N = 142; age = 10.3 ± 0.21 years) were collected during walking, and foot-type evaluations were conducted using a force plate. A normal foot type was observed in 44% of children (BMI 16.0 ± 2.3 kg/m2). Flat feet were observed in 54% of children (BMI 18.4 ± 4.3 kg/m2). A high foot arch was observed in only 2% of children (BMI 16.0 ± 1.3 kg/m2). Children with flat feet had higher BMI values than those with normal feet. The contact time and maximal vertical force in the forefoot and rearfoot were similar in children with normal and flat feet. Significantly higher pressure values were observed in the midfoot zone of children with flat feet. Regression analysis results showed that in children with flat feet, there is a decrease in forefoot loading and an increase in midfoot loading with increasing BMI. This trend was not observed in children with normal feet. We recommend incorporating exercise interventions at this age to prevent pain and promote willingness to engage in physical activity. Higher BMI values indicate an increased risk for the prevalence of flat feet.
- MeSH
- chůze fyziologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- noha (od hlezna dolů) fyziologie anatomie a histologie MeSH
- plochá noha * epidemiologie MeSH
- sedavý životní styl MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
