... RNA structure and function 1 -- Introduction 1 -- Chemical components 1 -- Secondary and tertiary structure ... ... of RNA 2 -- Diversity of types and functions of RNA 4 mRNA and hnRNA 5 tRNA 5 rRNA 6 snRNA 7 -- Ribonucleoproteins ... ... Isolation of total RNA by cell lysis 17 -- Isolation of RNA from cell fractions 19 -- Isolation of RNA ... ... 27 -- Isolation of total cellular RNA using the guanidinium-lithium chloride method 28 vi RNA ISOLATION ... ... to protein-RNA reactions 152 -- Definition of RNA species essential to protein-RNA complex function ...

... Structure 131 -- Messenger RNA Is Translated by Ribosomes 132 -- Many Ribosomes Bind to One mRNA 133 ... ... Alternative Secondary Structures Control Attenuation 333 -- 13.3 -- 13.5 -- Termination of Bacillus subtilis ... ... Small RNAs Are Required for rRNA Processing 699 Summary 700 -- 27 Catalytic RNA 706 -- ??? ... ... Structure 709 -- ??? ... ... 1 RNA Editing Occurs at Individual Bases 720 fchmi RNA Editing Can Be Directed by Guide RNAs 721 SKB ...

... -acting sites and trans-acting molecules 30 -- Genetic information can be provided by DNA or RNA 31 - ... ... Mitochondrial DNA codes for few proteins 83 -- The chloroplast genome codes for -100 proteins and RNAs ... ... 119 -- Transfer RNA is the adapter 120 -- Messenger RNA is translated by ribosomes 124 -- The life cycle ... ... structures control attenuation 306 -- Small RNA molecules can regulate translation 312 -- 11 Phage strategies ... ... sponsor mobility 728 -- RNA can have ribonuclease activities 731 xvi CONTENTS -- RNA editing utilizes ...

... First Edition, xi -- Chapter 1 Chapter 8 -- Elistorical Introduction and Overview, 1 Prediction of RNA ... ... Secondary Structure, 327 -- Chapter 2 -- Collecting and Storing Sequences in the Laboratory, 29 -- Chapter ... ... 281 -- Chapter 9 -- Gene Prediction and Regulation, 361 Chapter 10 -- Protein Classification and Structure ...

... Preface XV -- Acknowledgements xviii -- 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF DNA, CHROMOSOMES, AND CELLS 1 -- 1.1 THE STRUCTURE ... ... DNA polymerases.5 -- Genes, transcription, and the central dogma of molecular biology 7 -- 1.2 THE STRUCTURE ... ... origins, centromeres, and telomeres.9 -- 1.3 DNA AND CHROMOSOMES IN -- CELL DIVISION AND THE CELL -- RNA ... ... GENES AND NONCODING -- RNA -- The extraordinary secondary structure and versatility of RNA 33 -- RNAs ... ... processing: RNA splicing and RNA editing -- Translational regulation by trans acting regulatory proteins ...

... Contents -- Introduction 1 -- Basics -- Chemistry -- Periodic table 2 -- Bonds 4 -- Molecular structure ... ... Non-proteinogenic amino acids 62 -- Peptides and Proteins -- Overview 64 -- Peptide bonds 66 -- Secondary ... ... structures 68 -- Structural proteins 70 -- Globular proteins 72 -- Protein folding 74 -- Molecular models ... ... Isolation and analysis of proteins 78 -- Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids -- Bases and nucleotides 80 -- RNA ... ... and functions 206 -- Nucleus 208 -- Mitochondria -- Structure and functions 210 -- Transport systems ...

... DNA and RNA: Composition and Structure -- 3. ... ... OF RNA 62 -- RNA Is a Polymer of Ribonucleoside 5\'-Monophosphates 62 Secondary Structure of RNA Involves ... ... Intramolecular Base-Pairing 62 -- RNA Molecules Have Tertiary Structures 63 -- 2.7 TYPES OF RNA 65 - ... ... Structure of Proteins 67 Mitochondria Contain Unique RNA Species 68 RNA in Ribonucleoprotein Particles ... ... OF PROTEINS 90 -- 3.5 HIGHER LEVELS OF PROTEIN ORGANIZATION 92 -- Secondary Structure 92 Tertiary Structure ...

... Structure: Polypeptide Chains -- Can Fold into Regular Structures Such as the Alpha -- Helix, the Beta ... ... Play Key Roles in Gene -- Expression 129 -- 5.4.2 All Cellular RNA Is Synthesized by RNA -- Polymerases ... ... Conserved Than Primary Structure 179 xxiv1 CONTENTS -- 7.3.2 Knowledge of Three-Dimensional Structures ... ... Sequences Can Be a Source of Insight into Secondary Structures 182 -- 7.4 Evolutionary Trees Can Be ... ... Secondary Structure 887 -- 31.4.2 Genes Associated with Iron Metabolism Are -- Translationally Regulated ...

... structure 101 -- Inverted repeats and secondary structure 105 -- Duplex DNA has alternative double-helical ... ... structures 107 -- Closed DNA can be supercoiled 109 -- Supercoiling influences the structure of the ... ... -- Transfer RNA is the adaptor 155 -- Messenger RNA is translated by ribosomes 159 -- The life cycle ... ... structures control attenuation 374 -- Small RNA molecules can regulate translation 380 -- Regulation ... ... sponsor mobility 931 -- RNA can have ribonuclease activities 935 -- RNA editing utilizes information ...