OBJECTIVES: According to published reports from the WHO, health care is undergoing a transformation that reflects the increasing importance of community care based on social, group, and individual needs. Community health care is provided by multidisciplinary teams, with nurses occupying irreplaceable positions. Nurse competencies constitute significant potential in the area of community based preventive care as well as the more traditional roles in treatment and recovery. METHODS: Data was obtained from health care professionals and the public through a structured interview. The study population included 1,007 physicians, 1,005 nurses and 2,022 laypersons. Respondents were selected randomly with the aid of quotas. The parameters for the selection of health care workers (nurses and physicians) were constructed based on registration data from the Institute of Health Information and Statistics. Layperson selection was based on data from the Czech Statistical Office. The Statistical Analysis of Social Data program (version 1.4.4) was used to process the data, which was in the form of 1st and 2nd degree contingency tables. The dependence level was determined based on χ2 and other testing criteria (according to the character of the signs). RESULTS: The results show that respondents perceive the concept of a "community nurse" as a nurse working independently in local neighborhoods and communities. Results also showed that work in senior care, followed by home care, and care for chronically ill patients were the most preferred. A role for nurses in health care education centers was only supported by 13.1% of physicians, 13.8% of nurses, and 6.8% of laypersons. The results also reveal that community nursing is perceived by both health care professionals and laypersons as fieldwork (i.e. work not based in a hospital or clinic environment), yet, at the same time, it was perceived as work that dealt with people needing health care. The results also reflect the opinion that the establishment of an independent nurse in the workplace (in the form of preventive care) could lead to an increase in the quality of care for employees (65.7% of physicians and 70.8% of nurses), an improvement in workplace health education (33% of physicians and 34.7% of nurses) and would provide support for healthy work environments (31.4% of physicians and 30.4% of nurses). CONCLUSION: Our results lead us to conclude that the health care system in the Czech Republic needs to better utilize the potential of trained nurses in the field of community health care. Additionally, steps need to be taken to increase job opportunities and staffing for nurses wanting to work in community health and preventive care.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- komunitní lékařství metody MeSH
- komunitní ošetřovatelská péče metody MeSH
- lékaři MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- personál sesterský MeSH
- preventivní lékařství metody MeSH
- role ošetřovatelky * MeSH
- služby preventivní péče metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- akademie a ústavy dějiny MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- epidemiologie MeSH
- hygiena práce MeSH
- hygiena MeSH
- komunitní lékařství MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- manipulace s potravinami MeSH
- veřejné zdravotnictví dějiny MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- historické články MeSH
- kongresy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
- MeSH
- interprofesionální vztahy * MeSH
- komunitní lékařství * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pediatrie * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The author submits views of officials of the department of general medicine and the Society for General Medicine and of a selected representative group of other doctors of the department on the present situation in general medicine. Suggestions for creating prerequisite conditions for the development of the discipline under conditions of reconstruction of our society comprise the establishment of chairs of general medicine at medical faculties, adherence to principles of training of general practitioners after completion of medical studies till they obtain the qualification, of general practitioners, training in the branch to obtain the basic qualification, increasing the number of staff in the department, adherence to the principle of availability of health care, respecting of actual conditions, material equipment and provision of apparatuses in work places, problems of improving health care and assessment of work capacity, prevention and dispensarization, comprehensive therapy and free choice of doctors and renumeration of the work of doctors.
- MeSH
- komunitní lékařství * výchova MeSH
- rodinné lékařství * výchova MeSH
- studium lékařství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
The author describes his idea of an information system for doctors of the first line of contact, implemented e.g. on a professional personal computer. The main assets of this system are described in areas of therapeutic preventive care, control of health care, research and teaching. The author mentions basic functions of the information system and characteristics of its use. The proposed information system will be optimal for the implementation of tasks in the sphere of health care (and the doctor's own activities); however, it does not relieve the doctor of his responsibility and irreplaceable role in the contact with patients.
- MeSH
- komunitní lékařství normy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- veřejné zdravotnické služby * organizace a řízení normy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
- MeSH
- komunitní lékařství MeSH
- konziliární vyšetření a konzultace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
- MeSH
- komunitní lékařství výchova MeSH
- kontinuální vzdělávání lékařů * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
