The first annotated checklist of Mecoptera of Ukraine is presented. Altogether, 11 species of scorpionflies are known with a confirmed or probable occurrence in Ukraine. This list is based on previously published data, as well as on recently collected materials and specimens housed in the collection of the State Museum of Natural History NAS Ukraine, Lviv. This collection belongs to the oldest one in Ukraine and comprises specimens collected by Jzef Dzidzielewicz, the founder of mecopteran investigations in Eastern Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries. For each listed species, its distribution in Ukraine is given together with notes on the history of investigations, and synonymies of the respective taxa. Detailed information on the distribution of selected species from the Red Book of Ukraine is presented.

• MeSH
• hmyz s proměnou dokonalou * MeSH
• muzea MeSH
• přírodopis MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Ukrajina MeSH

The sixteenth century could be understand as a period of renaissance of interest in nature and as a period of development of natural history as a discipline. The spreading of the printing press was connected to the preparation of new editions of Classical texts and to the act of correcting and commenting on these texts. This forced scholars to confront texts with living nature and to subject it to more careful investigation. The discovery of America uncovered new horizons and brought new natural products, which were exotic and unknown to Classical tradition. The aim of this study is to compare strategies and categories, which were used in describing plants of the Old and the New World. Attention will be paid to the first reactions to the new flora, to the methods of naming and describing plants, to the ways of gaining knowledge about plants from local sources or by means of one's own observation. The confrontation with novelty puts naturalists in the Old World and in the New World in a similar situation. It reveals the limits of traditional knowledge based on Classical authorities. A closer investigation, however, brings to light not only the sometimes unexpected similarities, but also the differences which were due to the radical otherness of American plants.

• Klíčová slova
• Classical authorities, Experience, Herbae nudae, History of botany, Natural history, New World,
• MeSH
• botanika dějiny   MeSH
• dějiny 16. století MeSH
• ilustrované knihy dějiny   MeSH
• přírodopis dějiny   MeSH
• referenční knihy * MeSH
• rostliny MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 16. století MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

This paper presents the results of a consensus-driven process identifying 50 priority research questions for historical ecology obtained through crowdsourcing, literature reviews, and in-person workshopping. A deliberative approach was designed to maximize discussion and debate with defined outcomes. Two in-person workshops (in Sweden and Canada) over the course of two years and online discussions were peer facilitated to define specific key questions for historical ecology from anthropological and archaeological perspectives. The aim of this research is to showcase the variety of questions that reflect the broad scope for historical-ecological research trajectories across scientific disciplines. Historical ecology encompasses research concerned with decadal, centennial, and millennial human-environmental interactions, and the consequences that those relationships have in the formation of contemporary landscapes. Six interrelated themes arose from our consensus-building workshop model: (1) climate and environmental change and variability; (2) multi-scalar, multi-disciplinary; (3) biodiversity and community ecology; (4) resource and environmental management and governance; (5) methods and applications; and (6) communication and policy. The 50 questions represented by these themes highlight meaningful trends in historical ecology that distill the field down to three explicit findings. First, historical ecology is fundamentally an applied research program. Second, this program seeks to understand long-term human-environment interactions with a focus on avoiding, mitigating, and reversing adverse ecological effects. Third, historical ecology is part of convergent trends toward transdisciplinary research science, which erodes scientific boundaries between the cultural and natural.

• MeSH
• biodiverzita MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• dějiny středověku MeSH
• ekologie dějiny   trendy   MeSH
• ekosystém MeSH
• kulturní antropologie dějiny   trendy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• přírodopis trendy   MeSH
• výzkumný projekt MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• dějiny starověku MeSH
• dějiny středověku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Kanada MeSH
• Švédsko MeSH

This article analyses the reception of knowledge about new world nature, and, more specifically, the reception of Iberian scientific knowledge of nature in the Americas, in the early modem Czech lands. It shows how the process of the reception of information about nature in the new world differed among the urban classes, intellectuals and the nobility; particular attention is paid to herbals, cosmographical works and travel reports. On the one hand, the study reveals that the efforts of Central European intellectuals to interpret new world nature were limited by the lack of necessary data and experience, which led to some misinterpretations and simplifications. On the other hand, it shows these Central European scholars to be fully-fledged members of an information network, whose works share many of the same characteristics as Iberian and, in general, early modem European science.

• MeSH
• Capsicum dějiny   MeSH
• dějiny 16. století MeSH
• dějiny 17. století MeSH
• herbální medicína dějiny   MeSH
• lamy * MeSH
• přírodopis dějiny   MeSH
• věda dějiny   MeSH
• znalosti * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 16. století MeSH
• dějiny 17. století MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Amerika MeSH
• Česká republika MeSH
• Portugalsko MeSH
• Rakousko-Uhersko MeSH
• Španělsko MeSH
• Turecko MeSH

Natural history collections house an enormous amount of plant and animal specimens, which constitute a promising source for molecular analyses. Storage conditions differ among taxa and can have a dramatic effect on the success of DNA work. Here, we analyze the feasibility of DNA extraction from ethanol preserved spiders (Araneae). We tested genotyping success using several hundred specimens of the wasp spider, Argiope bruennichi, deposited in two large German natural history collections. We tested the influence of different factors on the utility of specimens for genotyping. Our results show that not the specimen's age, but the museum collection is a major predictor of genotyping success. These results indicate that long term storage conditions should be optimized in natural history museums to assure the utility of collections for DNA work. Using historical material, we also traced historical genetic and morphological variation in the course of a poleward range expansion of A. bruennichi by comparing contemporary and historical specimens from a native and an invasive population in Germany. We show that the invasion of A. bruennichi is tightly correlated with an historical increase of genetic and phenotypic variation in the invasive population.

• MeSH
• genetická variace genetika   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• genotypizační techniky metody   MeSH
• muzea MeSH
• pavouci genetika   MeSH
• přírodopis MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Německo MeSH

• MeSH
• alchymie MeSH
• dějiny 16. století MeSH
• dějiny 17. století MeSH
• empirický výzkum * MeSH
• náboženství a věda * MeSH
• náboženství dějiny   MeSH
• politika MeSH
• přírodopis výchova   dějiny   MeSH
• protestantismus * dějiny   psychologie   MeSH
• spiritualismus * dějiny   psychologie   MeSH
• věda výchova   dějiny   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 16. století MeSH
• dějiny 17. století MeSH
• Publikační typ
• biografie MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Československo etnologie   MeSH

• O autorovi
• Yates, F A